NHibernate 真的提供透明持久性吗
开始使用 Nhibernate 来实现持久性,受到它尊重域模型的承诺的诱惑,我尝试为我的域对象实现一个关系管理器。基本上,为了干燥管理双向一对多和多对多关系的代码,我决定让这些关系由单独的类管理。当设置一对多或多对一属性时,会在字典中创建两个对象的条目,键可以是具有集合值的一侧以保存多侧,也可以是具有值的多侧一边。
特定类型组合的一对多关系如下所示:
public class OneToManyRelation<TOnePart, TManyPart> : IRelation<IRelationPart, IRelationPart>
where TOnePart : class, IRelationPart
where TManyPart : class, IRelationPart
{
private readonly IDictionary<TOnePart, Iesi.Collections.Generic.ISet<TManyPart>> _oneToMany;
private readonly IDictionary<TManyPart, TOnePart> _manyToOne;
public OneToManyRelation()
{
_manyToOne = new ConcurrentDictionary<TManyPart, TOnePart>();
_oneToMany = new ConcurrentDictionary<TOnePart, Iesi.Collections.Generic.ISet<TManyPart>>();
}
public void Set(TOnePart onePart, TManyPart manyPart)
{
if (onePart == null || manyPart == null) return;
if (!_manyToOne.ContainsKey(manyPart)) _manyToOne.Add(manyPart, onePart);
else _manyToOne[manyPart] = onePart;
}
public void Add(TOnePart onePart, TManyPart manyPart)
{
if (onePart == null || manyPart == null) return;
if (!_manyToOne.ContainsKey(manyPart)) _manyToOne.Add(manyPart, onePart);
else _manyToOne[manyPart] = onePart;
if (!_oneToMany.ContainsKey(onePart)) _oneToMany.Add(onePart, new HashedSet<TManyPart>());
_oneToMany[onePart].Add(manyPart);
}
public Iesi.Collections.Generic.ISet<TManyPart> GetManyPart(TOnePart onePart)
{
if (!_oneToMany.ContainsKey(onePart)) _oneToMany[onePart] = new HashedSet<TManyPart>();
return _oneToMany[onePart];
}
public TOnePart GetOnePart(TManyPart manyPart)
{
if(!_manyToOne.ContainsKey(manyPart)) _manyToOne[manyPart] = default(TOnePart);
return _manyToOne[manyPart];
}
public void Remove(TOnePart onePart, TManyPart manyPart)
{
_manyToOne.Remove(manyPart);
_oneToMany[onePart].Remove(manyPart);
}
public void Set(TOnePart onePart, Iesi.Collections.Generic.ISet<TManyPart> manyPart)
{
if (onePart == null) return;
if (!_oneToMany.ContainsKey(onePart)) _oneToMany.Add(onePart, manyPart);
else _oneToMany[onePart] = manyPart;
}
public void Clear(TOnePart onePart)
{
var list = new HashedSet<TManyPart>(_oneToMany[onePart]);
foreach (var manyPart in list)
{
_manyToOne.Remove(manyPart);
}
_oneToMany.Remove(onePart);
}
public void Clear(TManyPart manyPart)
{
if (!_manyToOne.ContainsKey(manyPart)) return;
if (_manyToOne[manyPart] == null) return;
_oneToMany[_manyToOne[manyPart]].Remove(manyPart);
_manyToOne.Remove(manyPart);
}
}
在多方面,代码片段如下所示:
public virtual SubstanceGroup SubstanceGroup
{
get { return RelationProvider.SubstanceGroupSubstance.GetOnePart(this); }
protected set { RelationProvider.SubstanceGroupSubstance.Set(value, this); }
}
在一方面,因此,在本例中为 SubstanceGroup,代码片段如下所示:
public virtual ISet<Substance> Substances
{
get { return RelationProvider.SubstanceGroupSubstance.GetManyPart(this); }
protected set { RelationProvider.SubstanceGroupSubstance.Set(this, value); }
}
仅使用我的域对象,这效果很好。在域对象中,我只需引用一个抽象工厂来检索适当的关系,并且我可以从一侧设置关系,从而自动变为双向关系。
然而,当 NH 出现时,问题是我的字典中出现了重复的键。 NH 以某种方式使用域对象的新副本(?)设置具有空值(!)的关系属性。因此,当保存域对象时,我有该域对象的两个条目,例如关系的多方,即 _manyToOne 字典。
这个问题让我掉头发,我不明白发生了什么?
Starting to use Nhibernate for persistency being seduced by the promise that it respects your domain model, I tried to implement a relation manager for my domain objects. Basically, to DRY my code with respect to managing bidirectional one to many and many to many relations, I decided to have those relations managed by a separate class. When a one to many or many to one property is set an entry for the two objects is made in an dictionary, the key is either a one side with a collection value to hold the many sides, or a many side with a value of the one side.
A one to many relation for a specific combination of types looks as follows:
public class OneToManyRelation<TOnePart, TManyPart> : IRelation<IRelationPart, IRelationPart>
where TOnePart : class, IRelationPart
where TManyPart : class, IRelationPart
{
private readonly IDictionary<TOnePart, Iesi.Collections.Generic.ISet<TManyPart>> _oneToMany;
private readonly IDictionary<TManyPart, TOnePart> _manyToOne;
public OneToManyRelation()
{
_manyToOne = new ConcurrentDictionary<TManyPart, TOnePart>();
_oneToMany = new ConcurrentDictionary<TOnePart, Iesi.Collections.Generic.ISet<TManyPart>>();
}
public void Set(TOnePart onePart, TManyPart manyPart)
{
if (onePart == null || manyPart == null) return;
if (!_manyToOne.ContainsKey(manyPart)) _manyToOne.Add(manyPart, onePart);
else _manyToOne[manyPart] = onePart;
}
public void Add(TOnePart onePart, TManyPart manyPart)
{
if (onePart == null || manyPart == null) return;
if (!_manyToOne.ContainsKey(manyPart)) _manyToOne.Add(manyPart, onePart);
else _manyToOne[manyPart] = onePart;
if (!_oneToMany.ContainsKey(onePart)) _oneToMany.Add(onePart, new HashedSet<TManyPart>());
_oneToMany[onePart].Add(manyPart);
}
public Iesi.Collections.Generic.ISet<TManyPart> GetManyPart(TOnePart onePart)
{
if (!_oneToMany.ContainsKey(onePart)) _oneToMany[onePart] = new HashedSet<TManyPart>();
return _oneToMany[onePart];
}
public TOnePart GetOnePart(TManyPart manyPart)
{
if(!_manyToOne.ContainsKey(manyPart)) _manyToOne[manyPart] = default(TOnePart);
return _manyToOne[manyPart];
}
public void Remove(TOnePart onePart, TManyPart manyPart)
{
_manyToOne.Remove(manyPart);
_oneToMany[onePart].Remove(manyPart);
}
public void Set(TOnePart onePart, Iesi.Collections.Generic.ISet<TManyPart> manyPart)
{
if (onePart == null) return;
if (!_oneToMany.ContainsKey(onePart)) _oneToMany.Add(onePart, manyPart);
else _oneToMany[onePart] = manyPart;
}
public void Clear(TOnePart onePart)
{
var list = new HashedSet<TManyPart>(_oneToMany[onePart]);
foreach (var manyPart in list)
{
_manyToOne.Remove(manyPart);
}
_oneToMany.Remove(onePart);
}
public void Clear(TManyPart manyPart)
{
if (!_manyToOne.ContainsKey(manyPart)) return;
if (_manyToOne[manyPart] == null) return;
_oneToMany[_manyToOne[manyPart]].Remove(manyPart);
_manyToOne.Remove(manyPart);
}
}
On the many side a code snippet looks like:
public virtual SubstanceGroup SubstanceGroup
{
get { return RelationProvider.SubstanceGroupSubstance.GetOnePart(this); }
protected set { RelationProvider.SubstanceGroupSubstance.Set(value, this); }
}
On the one side, so, in this case the SubstanceGroup, the snippet looks like:
public virtual ISet<Substance> Substances
{
get { return RelationProvider.SubstanceGroupSubstance.GetManyPart(this); }
protected set { RelationProvider.SubstanceGroupSubstance.Set(this, value); }
}
Just using my domain objects, this works excellent. In the domain object I just have to reference an abstract factory that retrieves the appropriate relation and I can set the relation from one side, wich automatically becomes thus bidirectional.
However, when NH kicks in the problem is that I get duplicate keys in my dictionaries. Somehow NH sets a relation property with a null value(!) with a new copy(?) of a domain object. So when the domain object gets saved, I have two entries of that domain object in, for example the many side of the relation, i.e. _manyToOne dictionary.
This problem makes me lose my hair, I do not get it what is happening??
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为了回答你的第一个非常普遍的问题:“NHibernate 真的提供透明的持久性吗”,我只能说:没有什么是完美的。 NH 尽力保持尽可能透明,同时也努力保持尽可能低的复杂性。
有一些假设,特别是关于集合的假设:集合及其实现不被视为域模型的一部分。 NH 提供了自己的集合实现。您不仅需要使用
ISet
和IList
等接口。当从数据库读取对象时,您还应该采用 NH 给出的实例,并且切勿用您自己的实例替换它。 (我不知道您的关系类实际用于什么,所以我不知道这是否是这里的问题。)域对象在会话的同一实例中是唯一的。如果每次都获得域对象的新实例,则您可能实现了“每次调用会话”反模式,该模式为每个数据库交互创建一个新会话。
我不知道你到底在做什么。这个 OneToManyRelation 实际上是如何使用的?当 NH 表现不符合预期时,您在做什么?对于您的具体实施来说,这是一个非常具体的问题。
To answer your first, very general question: "Does NHibernate really deliver transparent persistency", I just can say: nothing is perfect. NH tries its best to be as transparent as possible, by also trying to keep its complexity as low as possible.
There are some assumptions, particularly regarding collections: Collections and their implementations are not considered to be part of your domain model. NH provides its own collection implementations. You are not only expected to use the interfaces like
ISet
andIList
. You should also take the instances given by NH when the object is read from the database and never replace it with your own. (I don't know what your relation class is actually used for, so I don't know if this is the problem here.)Domain objects are unique within the same instance of the session. If you get new instances of domain objects each time, you probably implemented the "session-per-call" anti-pattern, which creates a new session for each database interaction.
I don't have a clue what you actually are doing. How is this OneToManyRelation actually used for? What are you doing when NH doesn't behave as expected? This is a very specific problem to your specific implementation.
除了“复杂的代码”和“你到底在做什么”的评论之外。问题是我正在替换 NH 的持久性集合,如下面的代码片段所示:
我为许多部分创建了一个新的哈希集。这就是问题所在。如果只是设置了传入集合的许多部分(在 NH 的持久性集合实现的情况下),那么它就会起作用。
作为 NH 新手,用 NH 的特殊实现替换集合一直是错误的重要来源。作为对其他 NH 新手的警告。
Besides the comments on 'convoluted code' and 'what the heck are you doing'. The problem was that I was replacing the persistence collections of NH like in the below code snippet:
I create a new Hashed set for the many part. And that was the problem. If just has set the many part with the collection coming in (in case of the persistence collection implementation of NH) than it would have worked.
As a NH newbie, this replacing of collections with a special implementation from NH has been an important source of errors. Just as a warning to other NH newbies.