Android - 仅在具有 MapView 的单个 Activity 上出现许多 OutOfMemoryError 异常

Question

我从用户那里收到了很多 OutOfMemoryError 报告，并且每个报告都来自同一个 Activity，其中包含 MapView。我认为这是一个孤立的异常，只有我的应用程序中的这一处，而且我无法弄清楚问题是什么。有人能给我一些关于为什么会发生这种情况的指示吗？

我已经删除了这个问题的一些不需要的代码，所以如果有人认为问题可能出在其中，我会发布它。

堆栈跟踪

Stack Trace #1

java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
at android.graphics.Bitmap.nativeCreate(Native Method)
at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:677)
at com.google.android.maps.ZoomHelper.createSnapshot(ZoomHelper.java:444)
at com.google.android.maps.ZoomHelper.beginZoom(ZoomHelper.java:194)
at com.google.android.maps.MapView$2.onScaleBegin(MapView.java:371)
at android.view.ScaleGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(ScaleGestureDetector.java:216)
at com.google.android.maps.MapView.onTouchEvent(MapView.java:646)
at android.view.View.dispatchTouchEvent(View.java:3778)
at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:920)
at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:959)
at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:959)
at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:959)
at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.superDispatchTouchEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1716)
at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.superDispatchTouchEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1124)
at android.app.Activity.dispatchTouchEvent(Activity.java:2125)
at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.dispatchTouchEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1700)
at android.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:1822)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:143)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5068)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:858)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)


Stack Trace #2

java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
at android.graphics.Bitmap.nativeCreate(Native Method)
at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:468)
at com.google.android.maps.ZoomHelper.createSnapshot(ZoomHelper.java:444)
at com.google.android.maps.ZoomHelper.doZoom(ZoomHelper.java:151)
at com.google.android.maps.ZoomHelper.doZoom(ZoomHelper.java:140)
at com.google.android.maps.MapView.doZoom(MapView.java:1478)
at com.google.android.maps.MapView.doZoom(MapView.java:1487)
at com.google.android.maps.MapController.zoomOut(MapController.java:439)
at com.hookedroid.fishingcompanion.GoogleMaps$3.onClick(GoogleMaps.java:133)
at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:2405)
at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:8813)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:587)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4627)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)


Stack Trace #3

java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
at android.graphics.Bitmap.nativeCreate(Native Method)
at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:468)
at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:435)
at android.graphics.Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(Bitmap.java:340)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.finishDecode(BitmapFactory.java:488)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:462)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:323)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResource(BitmapFactory.java:346)
at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResource(BitmapFactory.java:372)
at com.hookedroid.fishingcompanion.maps.CrosshairOverlay.draw(CrosshairOverlay.java:32)
at com.google.android.maps.OverlayBundle.draw(OverlayBundle.java:45)
at com.google.android.maps.MapView.onDraw(MapView.java:494)
at android.view.View.draw(View.java:6742)
at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1640)
at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1367)
at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1638)
at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1367)
at android.view.View.draw(View.java:6745)
at android.widget.FrameLayout.draw(FrameLayout.java:352)
at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1640)
at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1367)
at android.view.View.draw(View.java:6745)
at android.widget.FrameLayout.draw(FrameLayout.java:352)
at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.draw(PhoneWindow.java:1913)
at android.view.ViewRoot.draw(ViewRoot.java:1407)
at android.view.ViewRoot.performTraversals(ViewRoot.java:1163)
at android.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:1727)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4646)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:858)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

活动

public class GoogleMaps extends MapActivity {

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.googlemaps_layout);

    intent = getIntent();
    currentMode = intent.getIntExtra("MAP_MODE", 0);

    initControls();
    initMembers();

    currentOverlayMode = prefs.getInt("map_viewmode", 0);

    populateMap();
}

private void initMembers() {
    mDbHelper = new FishingCompanionDB(this);
    mDbHelper.open();
    catchList = new ArrayList<FishEntry>();

    prefs = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);
    prefsEditor = prefs.edit();
}

private void initControls() {
    mMaps = (MapView)findViewById(R.id.google_maps);
    mMaps.setClickable(true);
    mMaps.setLongClickable(true);
    mapController = mMaps.getController();

    mOverlayModeBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.googlemaps_overlay_btn);
    mOverlayModeBtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {
            if (currentOverlayMode < 1)
                currentOverlayMode++;
            else
                currentOverlayMode = 0;
            switch (currentOverlayMode) {
                case OVERLAY_STREET:
                    mMaps.setSatellite(false);
                    mMaps.setStreetView(true);
                    prefsEditor.putInt("map_viewmode", OVERLAY_STREET);
                    break;
                case OVERLAY_SAT:
                    mMaps.setStreetView(false);
                    mMaps.setSatellite(true);
                    prefsEditor.putInt("map_viewmode", OVERLAY_SAT);
                    break;
            }
            prefsEditor.commit();
            mMaps.invalidate();
        }
    });
    mZoomInBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.googlemaps_btn_zoomin);
    mZoomInBtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {
            mapController.zoomIn();
        }
    });
    mZoomOutBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.googlemaps_btn_zoomout);
    mZoomOutBtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {
            mapController.zoomOut();
        }
    });
}

private void populateMap() {
    overlays = mMaps.getOverlays();
    overlays.clear();

    overlays.add(new CrosshairOverlay(this, R.drawable.mapcenter));
    mSelectPos = (Button)findViewById(R.id.googlemaps_select_location);
    mSelectPos.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
    mSelectPos.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {
            GeoPoint centerGp = mMaps.getMapCenter();
            double lat = centerGp.getLatitudeE6()/1E6;
            double lng = centerGp.getLongitudeE6()/1E6;

            Intent i;
            if (currentMode == SELECT_POS_WEATHER) {
                i = new Intent(GoogleMaps.this, WeatherLookup.class);
                i.putExtra("WEATHER_LAT", lat);
                i.putExtra("WEATHER_LNG", lng);
            }
            else {
                i = new Intent(GoogleMaps.this, AddLocation.class);
                i.putExtra("LOCATION_LAT", lat);
                i.putExtra("LOCATION_LNG", lng);
            }
            i.putExtra("MODE", 1);

            startActivity(i);
            finish();
        }
    });

    mMaps.invalidate();
}

@Override
protected boolean isRouteDisplayed() {
    return false;
}
}

十字准线覆盖

public class CrosshairOverlay extends Overlay {

    private Context mContext;
    private int resourceId;

    public CrosshairOverlay(Context context, int resId) {
        this.mContext = context;
        this.resourceId = resId;
    }

    public boolean draw(Canvas canvas, MapView mapView, boolean shadow, long when) {
         super.draw(canvas, mapView, shadow);
         GeoPoint centerGp = mapView.getMapCenter();
         Projection projection = mapView.getProjection();
         Point centerPoint = projection.toPixels(centerGp, null);
         Paint p = new Paint();
         Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(mContext.getResources(), resourceId);

         canvas.drawBitmap(bmp, (centerPoint.x - (bmp.getWidth()/2)), (centerPoint.y - (bmp.getHeight()/2)), p);

         return true;
    }
}

DUMPSYS MEMINFO

** MEMINFO in pid 25493 [com.hookedroid.fishingcompanion] **
native   dalvik    other    total
size:    10036     7495      N/A    17531
allocated:     9955     3965      N/A    13920
free:       80     3530      N/A     3610
(Pss):     3717     1480     6703    11900
(shared dirty):      668     1512     8056    10236
(priv dirty):     3696      804     5024     9524

Objects
Views:        0        ViewRoots:        0
AppContexts:        0       Activities:        0
Assets:        3    AssetManagers:        3
Local Binders:       19    Proxy Binders:       21
Death Recipients:        1
OpenSSL Sockets:        0

SQL
heap:      527         MEMORY_USED:      527
PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW:       62         MALLOC_SIZE:       50

DATABASES
pgsz     dbsz   Lookaside(b)  Dbname
1       16            260  FishingCompanion
1       18             63  google_analytics.db

Answer 1

我下载了该应用程序并使用它，同时通过 dumpsys 观察内存。

事情看起来很正常，记忆每次都会被回收。我无法重现这种情况，但我确实看到了一个可能相关的峰值。每当您在地图中移动或在卫星中缩放（基本上是刷新图块）时，内存中都会出现短暂的峰值。如果你做得足够快，你就不会给它回收的机会，它就会上升。

现在，我的手机是Android 3.3.4，配置也不错，所以GC的效率可能会更高。我想知道我的旧测试手机是否会较慢地回收内存，因此当我到达地图时（例如添加鱼后），我仍然会拥有来自先前活动的尚未被 GC 回收的内存。然后我会做什么，我会去我的位置并通过放大/缩小来检查事情。结合之前活动的记忆可能会让手机达到极限。

但这只是一个理论，我正在路上，无法访问我所有的测试手机。您知道死机的手机是什么版本吗？我会在 3-4 天后回来，我可以在我的旧手机上尝试该应用程序。

更新：
我在这个应用程序上进行了更多实验。我几乎可以肯定，不断添加鱼会增加更多的回忆。我不断添加和删除鱼，并通过 dumpsys meminfo 检查内存是否不断增加。专业版甚至精简版的真正用户不断添加和删除鱼可能最终会接近极限，然后再转到地图将触发内存不足错误，因为内存跳转到地图中。这是我多次添加和删除鱼后的快照

** MEMINFO in pid 11572 [com.hookedroid.fishingcompanion.lite] **
                    native   dalvik    other    total    limit   bitmap nativeBmp
            size:    19728    18251      N/A    37979    32768      N/A      N/A
       allocated:    17174    14674      N/A    31848      N/A     3144        0
            free:      405     3577      N/A     3982      N/A      N/A      N/A
           (Pss):    12750     1771    25944    40465      N/A      N/A      N/A
  (shared dirty):      908     1544     5800     8252      N/A      N/A      N/A
    (priv dirty):    12732     1008    24208    37948      N/A      N/A      N/A

您的私有内存总数跃升至 37,948，我确信如果我继续添加和删除鱼，它最终会抛出 OutOfMemoryException

更多更新（几分钟后）：
我设法使用上述理论使应用程序崩溃。在它发生之前我一定已经添加和删除了好几次鱼。在应用程序崩溃之前，可能有超过 50 条鱼。

我的猜测是 SQL 不知怎的没有得到正确的清理。在每组添加和删除 10 条鱼（这是精简版的限制）之后查看转储系统，我发现

SQL
               heap:     6581         MEMORY_USED:     6581
 PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW:      173         MALLOC_SIZE:       50

 DATABASES
      pgsz     dbsz   Lookaside(b)  Dbname
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             33  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion
         1       16             62  FishingCompanion

即使我已经删除了鱼，SQL 内存仍在不断增加。如果我继续这样做一段时间，最终它会达到手机的上限并转到地图（这会导致内存跳转）会触发内存不足异常，似乎表明地图页面是原因，而我认为添加/删除鱼页面是真正原因的一部分（我说“真正原因的一部分”，因为我不知道如果我添加新位置是否会发生类似的效果）。

当总内存约为 58MB 时，我得到了 OutMemoryException（这可能因手机而异）。作为参考，这里是我得到的类似的 OutOfMemoryException：

D/dalvikvm(11572): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed 125K, 11% free 25734K/28743K, external 4047K/4695K, paused 188ms
D/AndroidRuntime(11572): Shutting down VM
W/dalvikvm(11572): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x4001d648)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
E/AndroidRuntime(11572): java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget(Heap Size=28743KB, Allocated=25734KB, Bitmap Size=4047KB)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572):    at android.graphics.Bitmap.nativeCreate(Native Method)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572):    at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:695)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572):    at com.google.android.maps.ZoomHelper.createSnapshot(ZoomHelper.java:444)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572):    at com.google.android.maps.ZoomHelper.beginZoom(ZoomHelper.java:194)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572):    at com.google.android.maps.MapView$2.onScaleBegin(MapView.java:380)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572):    at android.view.ScaleGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(ScaleGestureDetector.java:216)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572):    at com.google.android.maps.MapView.onTouchEvent(MapView.java:682)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572):    at android.view.View.dispatchTouchEvent(View.java:3932)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572):    at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:955)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572):    at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:1015)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572):    at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:1015)
E/AndroidRuntime(11572):    at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:1015)

希望有帮助

Answer 2

我不确定这是否与您的问题有关。

此链接讨论了< a href="http://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=2181" rel="nofollow">内存泄漏问题和建议的解决方案。基于我在我的扩展MyMapView中使用这个版本，并在适当的地方调用这个方法。

public void cleanUpMemory(){
    try {
        Field fMapInView = MapView.class.getDeclaredField("mMap");
        AccessibleObject.setAccessible(new AccessibleObject[]{fMapInView}, true);
        fMapInView.set(this, null);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    try {
        Field fConverterInView = MapView.class.getDeclaredField("mConverter");
        AccessibleObject.setAccessible(new AccessibleObject[]{fConverterInView}, true);
        fConverterInView.set(this, null);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    try {
        Field fControllerInView = MapView.class.getDeclaredField("mController");
        AccessibleObject.setAccessible(new AccessibleObject[]{fControllerInView}, true);
        fControllerInView.set(this, null);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    try {
        Field fZoomHelperInView = MapView.class.getDeclaredField("mZoomHelper");
        AccessibleObject.setAccessible(new AccessibleObject[]{fZoomHelperInView}, true);
        fZoomHelperInView.set(this, null);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}