Cognos 8.3 无法连接到数据源。为什么？
我已在我的计算机上安装了 Cognos BI 8.3，该计算机具有 Windows 7 操作系统 64 位。在 IBM Cognos 8.3 的支持的环境列表中，Windows 7 不在其中列出。最重要的是，它表示该产品将仅与 32 位第三方库集成。所以，你已经可以看到我的起步已经很糟糕了。但无论如何，这是我拥有的机器，也是我得到的软件，所以我决定看看它们是否可以一起工作。
我还在我的机器和 Apache 2.2 服务器中安装了 Oracle 10g Express 数据库。到目前为止没有任何问题。
在进一步操作之前，我将 ojdbc14.jar 复制到 cognos/.../webapps/p2pd/WEB-INF/lib 并在 Cognos Configuration 中添加了 Oracle 数据库。测试过，通过。
随着数据库启动、Apache 服务器启动、Cognos 启动，我成功地在计算机上启动了 Cognos Connection。所以，看起来操作系统不是问题。
（您可以按照此网站上的步骤查看我所做的一切，从两天前开始，它似乎已关闭，但我认为最终会恢复）
然后我决定尝试这些示例，因此我尝试创建从 Cognos 到 Oracle 数据库的数据源连接。因此，在管理配置控制台（即管理 Cognos 内容 > 配置）中，我决定创建一个新的 Oracle 数据源。我输入了凭据，但 BAM.. 测试失败。
失败消息：
QE-DEF-0285 The logon failed.
QE-DEF-0323 The DSN(ODBC)/ServiceName is invalid. Either the DSN is missing or the host is inaccessible.
RQP-DEF-0068 Unable to connect to at least one database during a multi-database attach to 1 database(s) in:
testDateSourceConnection
UDA-SQL-0031 Unable to access the "testDataSourceConnection" database.
UDA-SQL-0532 Data Source is not accessible: "XE".
ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified
RSV-SRV-0042 Trace back:
...
根据我的研究，可能有很多原因，但似乎没有任何效果。这是我尝试过的：
添加 ODBC 驱动程序。添加了 Oracle XE 驱动程序，甚至确保它是在 32 位 ODBC 管理器（即 Windows\SysWOW64\odbcad32.exe）中完成的。那行不通。
已将 ORACLE_HOME、LD_LIBRARY_PATH 和 TNS_ADMIN 添加到我的环境变量中。
tnsping XE 数据库，ping 返回正常。
计算机中没有 tnsnames.ora 重复项。
我尝试过，可以通过 sqlplus 连接到数据库。我有没有提到 Cognos Config 数据库测试也通过了？
已安装 Oracle XE 客户端。但没有做太多事情，因为Oracle服务器安装在计算机上，并且还有一个客户端组件。
有人遇到过这个问题吗？几天来我一直无法诊断问题，甚至无法取得哪怕是微小的进展。如果您希望我提供有关我尝试过的任何解决方案的更多信息，请务必询问。如果您有潜在的解决方案，或者更好的是，如果您以前能够解决此问题，请告诉我如何解决！
谢谢！
I have installed Cognos BI 8.3 on my machine, which has a Windows 7 OS 64-bit. In IBM's supported environment list for Cognos 8.3, Windows 7 is not listed. On top of that, it says the product will only integrate with 32-bit 3rd party libraries. So, you can already see that I'm already starting on a bad foot. But anyways, this is the machine I have and that is the software I got, so I decided to see if they would work together..
I installed Oracle 10g Express database also in my machine and Apache 2.2 server. Up to there no problems.
Before moving further, I copied ojdbc14.jar to cognos/.../webapps/p2pd/WEB-INF/lib and added the Oracle database in Cognos Configuration. Tested, passed.
With the database started, the Apache server started, and Cognos started, I was successfully able to start Cognos Connection on the computer. So, it looks like the OS is not an issue.
(You can see everything I did by following the steps on this site, which since two days ago seems to be down but I'm thinking will eventually come back up)
Then I decided to try the samples, so I tried to create a data source connection from Cognos to the Oracle database. So, in the admin config console (i.e. Administer Cognos Contents > Configuration), I decided to create a new Oracle data source. I put the credentials, but BAM.. testing fails.
Fail Message:
QE-DEF-0285 The logon failed.
QE-DEF-0323 The DSN(ODBC)/ServiceName is invalid. Either the DSN is missing or the host is inaccessible.
RQP-DEF-0068 Unable to connect to at least one database during a multi-database attach to 1 database(s) in:
testDateSourceConnection
UDA-SQL-0031 Unable to access the "testDataSourceConnection" database.
UDA-SQL-0532 Data Source is not accessible: "XE".
ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified
RSV-SRV-0042 Trace back:
...
From what I have researched, it could be a number of things, but nothing seems to work. Here is what I tried:
Adding ODBC driver. Added the Oracle XE driver, even making sure it was done in the 32-bit ODBC manager (i.e. Windows\SysWOW64\odbcad32.exe). That didn't work.
Added ORACLE_HOME, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, and TNS_ADMIN to my environment variables.
tnsping'ed the XE database and it the ping returned ok.
There are no tnsnames.ora duplicates in the computer.
I tried and I am able to connect to the database via sqlplus. Did I mention that Cognos Config database test also passed?
Installed Oracle XE client. But didn't do much with it because the Oracle server is installed in the computer and also has a client component.
Has anyone come across this problem? I haven't been able to diagnose the problem or make even the slight progress for days. If you would like me to provide more information on any of the solutions I tried, please do ask. If you have a potential solution or, even better, if you have been able to solve this problem before, please let me know how!
Thanks!
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需要记住的一件事是：Cognos BI 的某些部分是通过 Java 实现的，其他部分是通过本机 C++ 进程（BI 总线进程）实现的。Cognos
使用 JDBC 从 Java 进程连接到内容存储数据库。
BI 总线进程将使用本机 Oracle 客户端连接到 Oracle。
因此，根据您的描述，我认为问题区域出在本机 Oracle 客户端配置（或 Cognos 服务的角度）。
您提到在 Windows 中添加 ORACLE_HOME、LD_LIBRARY_PATH 和 TNS_ADMIN 环境变量，以及 SQLPlus 和 TNSPing 等 Oracle 实用程序正在为您工作。
当您添加环境变量时，您是否将它们添加到环境变量的SYSTEM区域或用户区域...？
如果您将 Cognos 作为服务运行，则它将成为 SERVICES.EXE 的子进程，该进程作为系统运行（除非您重新启动计算机，否则该进程也不会重新启动）。
我会尝试这样做：
看看现在是否可以创建数据库连接。
如果这不起作用，我建议以 SYSTEM 用户身份执行 SQLPlus 或 TNSPING 的“运行方式”（看看是否有效）。
One thing to keep in mind : certain portions of Cognos BI are implemented via Java and other portions are implemented via native C++ processes (the BI Bus processes)
Cognos connects to the content store database from the Java process using JDBC.
The BI Bus processes will connect to Oracle using a native oracle client.
So based on your description, I'd say that the problem area is in the native oracle client configuration (or the Cognos service's perspective of it).
You mentioned adding the ORACLE_HOME, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, and TNS_ADMIN environment variables in windows, and the fact that Oracle Utilities like SQLPlus and TNSPing are working for you.
When you added the environment variables, did you add them to the SYSTEM area for environment variables or the User area...?
If you're running Cognos as a service, its going to be a child process of SERVICES.EXE, which is run as system (this process is also not restarted unless you reboot the machine).
I'd try this :
See if you can create the database connection now.
If that doesn't work, I'd suggest doing a "run as" of SQLPlus or TNSPING as the SYSTEM user (and see if that works).
为了使用oracle作为数据源，必须安装32位客户端。
64 位客户端将无法工作。
因此，如果您安装了 oracle express 64 位，并且不想卸载它，
您只需安装额外的 32 位客户端，并确保将其设置为默认主页即可。
In order to use oracle as data source, you must install 32 bit client.
64 bit client will not work.
So if you installed oracle express 64 bit, and you don't want to uninstall it,
you can just install additional 32 bit client, and make sure to set it as your default home.