python中区分大小写的字符串匹配替换

Question

我对 python 很陌生尝试做一些新的东西。我在字典中有两个列表。比方说，

List1:                              List2:
Anterior                            cord
cuneate nucleus                     Medulla oblongata
nucleus                             Spinal cord
Intermediolateral nucleus           Spinal 
                                    sksdsj
british                             7

我有一些文本行如下：

<s id="5239778-2">The name refers collectively to the cuneate nucleus and gracile nucleus, which are present at the junction between the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata.</s>
<s id="3691284-1">In the medulla oblongata, the arcuate nucleus is a group of neurons located on the anterior surface of the medullary pyramids.</s>
<s id="21120-99">Anterior horn cells, motoneurons located in the spinal.</s>
<s id="1053949-16">The Anterior cord syndrome results from injury to the anterior part of the spinal cord, causing weakness and loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury site but preservation of proprioception that is usually carried in the posterior part of the spinal cord.</s>
<s id="69-7">...Meanwhile is the studio 7 album by British pop band 10cc.</s>

我必须返回那些属于 list1 和 list1 的字符串的行； list2.So，我尝试使用以下代码：

result = ""
if list1 in line and list2 in line:
    i1 = re.sub('(?i)(\s+)(%s)(\s+)'%list1, '\\1<e1>\\2</e1>\\3', line)
    i2 = re.sub('(?i)(\s+)(%s)(\s+)'%list2, '\\1<e2>\\2</e2>\\3', i1)
    result = result + i2 + "\n"
    continue

但我得到以下结果：

<s id="5239778-2">The name refers collectively to the <e1>cuneate nucleus</e1> and gracile nucleus, which are present at the junction between the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata.</s>
<s id="3691284-1">In the medulla oblongata, the arcuate <e1>nucleus</e1> is a group of neurons located on the anterior surface of the medullary pyramids.</s>
<s id="21120-99">Anterior horn cells, motoneurons located in the spinal.</s>
<s id="1053949-16">The <e1>Anterior</e1> <e2>cord</e2> syndrome results from injury to the <e1>anterior</e1> part of the spinal cord, causing weakness and loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury site but preservation of proprioception that is usually carried in the posterior part of the spinal cord.</s>
<s id="69-7">...Meanwhile is the studio 7 album by British pop band 10cc.</s>

这里，只有结果第4行，我从两个列表中得到了我想要的匹配字符串。但是，我不想要获取仅匹配一个字符串或不匹配任何字符串的行（例如，结果行 1 和 3）。另外，如果与两个列表中的字符串匹配，是否应该标记它们（例如，结果行 2）。

任何形式的帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

基本上，您希望将一些单词放入 标记中，将其他单词放入 标记中。是这样吗？

如果是这样，那么将执行类似的操作：

#!/usr/bin/python

from __future__ import print_function
import re

text = '''\
<s id="5239778-2">The name refers collectively to the cuneate nucleus and gracile nucleus, which are present at the junction between the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata.</s>
<s id="3691284-1">In the medulla oblongata, the arcuate nucleus is a group of neurons located on the anterior surface of the medullary pyramids.</s>
<s id="21120-99">Anterior horn cells, motoneurons located in the spinal cord.</s>
<s id="1053949-16">The Anterior cord syndrome results from injury to the anterior part of the spinal cord, causing weakness and loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury site but preservation of proprioception that is usually carried in the posterior part of the spinal cord.</s>'''

list1 = ('Anterior', 'cuneate nucleus', 'Intermediolateral nucleus')
list2 = ('cord', 'Medulla oblongata', 'Spinal cord')

# put phrases in \b so that they match the whole words
re1 = re.compile("(%s)" % "|".join(r"\b%s\b" % i for i in list1), re.IGNORECASE)
re2 = re.compile("(%s)" % "|".join(r"\b%s\b" % i for i in list2), re.IGNORECASE)

for line in text.split("\n"):
    line = re1.sub(r"<e1>\1</e1>", line)
    line = re2.sub(r"<e2>\1</e2>", line)
    print(line)

输出：

<s id="5239778-2">The name refers collectively to the <e1>cuneate nucleus</e1> and gracile nucleus, which are present at the junction between the <e2>spinal cord</e2> and the <e2>medulla oblongata</e2>.</s>
<s id="3691284-1">In the <e2>medulla oblongata</e2>, the arcuate nucleus is a group of neurons located on the <e1>anterior</e1> surface of the medullary pyramids.</s>
<s id="21120-99"><e1>Anterior</e1> horn cells, motoneurons located in the <e2>spinal cord</e2>.</s>
<s id="1053949-16">The <e1>Anterior</e1> <e2>cord</e2> syndrome results from injury to the <e1>anterior</e1> part of the <e2>spinal cord</e2>, causing weakness and loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury site but preservation of proprioception that is usually carried in the posterior part of the <e2>spinal cord</e2>.</s>

Answer 2

这个怎么样：

result = ""
lines = ['<s id="5239778-2">The name refers collectively to the cuneate nucleus and gracile nucleus, which are present at the junction between the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata.</s>',
'<s id="3691284-1">In the medulla oblongata, the arcuate nucleus is a group of neurons located on the anterior surface of the medullary pyramids.</s>',
'<s id="21120-99">Anterior horn cells, motoneurons located in the spinal cord.</s>',
'<s id="1053949-16">The Anterior cord syndrome results from injury to the anterior part of the spinal cord, causing weakness and loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury site but preservation of proprioception that is usually carried in the posterior part of the spinal cord.</s>']

for line in lines:
    for item1 in list1:
        if line.find(item1) != -1:
            for item2 in list2:
                if line.find(item2) != -1:
                      result = result + line + '\n'
                      break
            break
print result