多个渲染目标不保存数据

Question

我正在使用 SlimDX，针对具有着色器模型 4 的 DirectX 11。我有一个像素着色器“preProc”，它处理我的顶点并保存三个数据纹理。一种用于每像素法线，一种用于每像素位置数据，一种用于颜色和深度（颜色占用 RGB，深度占用 Alpha 通道）。

然后，我稍后在后处理着色器中使用这些纹理，以实现屏幕空间环境光遮挡，但似乎没有数据保存在第一个着色器中。

这是我的像素着色器：

PS_OUT PS( PS_IN input )
{
    PS_OUT output;
    output.col = float4(0,0,0,0);
    output.norm = float4(input.norm,1);
    output.pos = input.pos;
    return output;
}

它输出以下结构：

struct PS_OUT
{
    float4 col : SV_TARGET0;
    float4 norm : SV_TARGET1;
    float4 pos : SV_TARGET2;
};

并采用以下结构作为输入：

struct PS_IN
{
    float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
    float2 tex : TEXCOORD0;
    float3 norm : TEXCOORD1;
};

但是在我的后处理着色器中：

Texture2D renderTex : register(t1);
Texture2D normalTex : register(t2);
Texture2D positionTex : register(t3);
Texture2D randomTex : register(t4);
SamplerState samLinear : register(s0);

float4 PS(PS_IN input) : SV_Target
{
    return float4(getCol(input.tex));
}

它只是输出浅蓝色屏幕（我在每帧开始时将渲染目标重置为的颜色）。 getCol 已经过测试，可以在仅处理一个渲染目标时从 renderTex 材质返回一种颜色。如果我更改 Pixelshader 以改为采样 randomTex 纹理（我的代码之前从文件加载，不是渲染目标），那么一切都会渲染得很好，所以我确信它不是我的后处理着色器。

如果是我的 slimDX 代码失败了，我会这样做：

创建我的纹理、shaderresourvecviews 和 rendertargetviews：

Texture2DDescription textureDescription = new Texture2DDescription()
                {
                    Width=texWidth,
                    Height=texHeight,
                    MipLevels=1,
                    ArraySize=3,
                    Format=SlimDX.DXGI.Format.R32G32B32A32_Float,
                    SampleDescription = new SlimDX.DXGI.SampleDescription(1,0),
                    BindFlags = BindFlags.RenderTarget | BindFlags.ShaderResource,
                    CpuAccessFlags= CpuAccessFlags.None,
                    OptionFlags = ResourceOptionFlags.None,
                    Usage= ResourceUsage.Default,
                };
            texture = new Texture2D(device, textureDescription);

            renderTargetView = new RenderTargetView[3];
            shaderResourceView = new ShaderResourceView[3];

            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            {
                RenderTargetViewDescription renderTargetViewDescription = new RenderTargetViewDescription()
                    {
                        Format = textureDescription.Format,
                        Dimension = RenderTargetViewDimension.Texture2D,
                        MipSlice = 0,
                    };

                renderTargetView[i] = new RenderTargetView(device, texture, renderTargetViewDescription);

                ShaderResourceViewDescription shaderResourceViewDescription = new ShaderResourceViewDescription()
                    {
                        Format = textureDescription.Format,
                        Dimension = ShaderResourceViewDimension.Texture2D,
                        MostDetailedMip = 0,
                        MipLevels = 1
                    };

                shaderResourceView[i] = new ShaderResourceView(device, texture, shaderResourceViewDescription);
            }

渲染到我的多个渲染目标：

private void renderToTexture(Shader shader)
    {
        //set the vertex and pixel shaders
        context.VertexShader.Set(shader.VertexShader);
        context.PixelShader.Set(shader.PixelShader);

        //send texture data and a linear sampler to the shader
        context.PixelShader.SetShaderResource(texture, 0);
        context.PixelShader.SetSampler(samplerState, 0);

        //set the input assembler
        SetInputAssembler(shader);

        //reset the camera's constant buffer
        camera.ResetConstantBuffer();

        //set the render targets to the textures we will render to
        context.OutputMerger.SetTargets(depthStencilView, renderTargetViews);
        //clear the render targets and depth stencil
        foreach (RenderTargetView view in renderTargetViews)
        {
             context.ClearRenderTargetView(view, color);
        }
        context.ClearDepthStencilView(depthStencilView, DepthStencilClearFlags.Depth, 1.0f, 0);
            //draw the scene
            DrawScene();

        }

然后是当我将 postProcessing 着色器渲染到屏幕时的函数：

private void renderTexture(Shader shader)
        {
            //get a single quad to be the screen we render
            Mesh mesh = CreateScreenFace();
            //set vertex and pixel shaders
            context.VertexShader.Set(shader.VertexShader);
            context.PixelShader.Set(shader.PixelShader);
            //set the input assembler
            SetInputAssembler(shader);
            //point the render target to the screen
            context.OutputMerger.SetTargets(depthStencil, renderTarget);
            //send the rendered textures and a linear sampler to the shader
                context.PixelShader.SetShaderResource(renderTargetViews[0], 1);
            context.PixelShader.SetShaderResource(renderTargetViews[1], 2);
            context.PixelShader.SetShaderResource(renderTargetViews[2], 3);
            context.PixelShader.SetShaderResource(random, 4);
            context.PixelShader.SetSampler(samplerState, 0);
            //clear the render targets and depth stencils
            context.ClearRenderTargetView(renderTarget, new Color4(0.52734375f, 0.8046875f, 0.9765625f));
            context.ClearDepthStencilView(depthStencil, DepthStencilClearFlags.Depth, 1, 0);
            //set the vertex and index buffers from the quad
            context.InputAssembler.SetVertexBuffers(0, new VertexBufferBinding(mesh.VertexBuffer, Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(Vertex)), 0));
            context.InputAssembler.SetIndexBuffer(mesh.IndexBuffer, Format.R16_UInt, 0);
            //draw the quad
            context.DrawIndexed(mesh.indices, 0, 0);
            //dispose of the buffers
            mesh.VertexBuffer.Dispose();
            mesh.IndexBuffer.Dispose();
        }

编辑：我添加了当前运行的单个帧的 PIX 函数调用输出：

Frame 40
//setup
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::ClearRenderTargetView(0x06B66190, 0x0028F068)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::ClearDepthStencilView(0x06B66138, 1, 1.000f, 0)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0028F010, 0x0028EFF8, 0x0028F00C --> 0x06BF8EE0)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF8EE0)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::PSSetConstantBuffers(0, 1, 0x0028F084 --> { 0x06BF8EE0 })
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0F8DEB58, 0x0F8DEB40, 0x0F8DEB54 --> 0x06BF8F68)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF8F68)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0F70EAD8, 0x0F70EAC0, 0x0F70EAD4 --> 0x06BF8FF0)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF8FF0)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0FAAE9A8, 0x0FAAE990, 0x0FAAE9A4 --> 0x06BF9078)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF9078)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::GetImmediateContext(0x06BDA1D8 --> 0x5BA8A8D8)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0F8DEB58, 0x0F8DEB40, 0x0F8DEB54 --> 0x06BF9100)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF9100)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0F70EAD8, 0x0F70EAC0, 0x0F70EAD4 --> 0x06BF9188)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF9188)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::Release()
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::UpdateSubresource(0x06B59270, 0, NULL, 0x06287FA0, 0, 0)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0FAAE9A8, 0x0FAAE990, 0x0FAAE9A4 --> 0x06BF9210)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF9210)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::VSSetShader(0x06B66298, NULL, 0)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0FC0E978, 0x0FC0E960, 0x0FC0E974 --> 0x06BF9298)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF9298)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0FE8EDE8, 0x0FE8EDD0, 0x0FE8EDE4 --> 0x06BF9320)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF9320)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::PSSetShader(0x06B666F8, NULL, 0)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0FC0E978, 0x0FC0E960, 0x0FC0E974 --> 0x06BF93A8)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF93A8)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0FE8EDE8, 0x0FE8EDD0, 0x0FE8EDE4 --> 0x06BF9430)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF9430)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateInputLayout(0x0028EBE0, 3, 0x06286CB8, 152, 0x0028EBD8 --> 0x06BF9D68)
CreateObject(D3D11 Input Layout, 0x06BF9D68)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::IASetInputLayout(0x06BF9D68)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::IASetPrimitiveTopology(D3D11_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::GetImmediateContext(0x06BDA1D8 --> 0x5BA8A8D8)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::Release()
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::VSSetConstantBuffers(0, 1, 0x0028F024 --> { 0x06B59270 })
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::OMSetRenderTargets(3, 0x0028F004 --> { 0x06B65708, 0x06B657B8, 0x06B582E0 }, 0x06B66138)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::ClearRenderTargetView(0x06B65708, 0x0028EFEC)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::ClearRenderTargetView(0x06B657B8, 0x0028EFEC)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::ClearRenderTargetView(0x06B582E0, 0x0028EFEC)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::ClearDepthStencilView(0x06B66138, 1, 1.000f, 0)
//draw scene for preproc shader (this should output the three render targets)
//DRAW CALLS HIDDEN
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0028EE04, 0x0028EDEC, 0x0028EE00 --> 0x06BF94B8)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF94B8)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateBuffer(0x0028EE04, 0x0028EDEC, 0x0028EE00 --> 0x06BF9540)
CreateObject(D3D11 Buffer, 0x06BF9540)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::VSSetShader(0x06B66BB8, NULL, 0)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::PSSetShader(0x06B66E50, NULL, 0)
<0x0059FF78> ID3D11Device::CreateInputLayout(0x0028EB64, 3, 0x05E988E0, 120, 0x0028EB5C --> 0x06BF9E28)
CreateObject(D3D11 Input Layout, 0x06BF9E28)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::IASetInputLayout(0x06BF9E28)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::IASetPrimitiveTopology(D3D11_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::OMSetRenderTargets(1, 0x0028EFC0 --> { 0x06B66190 }, 0x06B66138)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::PSSetShaderResources(1, 3, 0x0028EF3C --> { 0x06B65760, 0x06B58288, 0x06B58338 })
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::PSSetShaderResources(4, 1, 0x0028EFC0 --> { 0x06B66FA0 })
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::ClearRenderTargetView(0x06B66190, 0x0028EFA4)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::ClearDepthStencilView(0x06B66138, 1, 1.000f, 0)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::IASetVertexBuffers(0, 1, 0x0028EFAC --> { 0x06BF94B8 }, 0x0028EFB0, 0x0028EFB4)
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::IASetIndexBuffer(0x06BF9540, DXGI_FORMAT_R16_UINT, 0)
//draw quad for post proc shader. This shader takes the three textures in, as well as a random texture, which is added in the second PSSetShaderResources call. The random texture outputs fine.
<0x06BDA1D8> ID3D11DeviceContext::DrawIndexed(6, 0, 0)
<0x06BF94B8> ID3D11Buffer::Release()
<0x06BF9540> ID3D11Buffer::Release()
<0x06B65B00> IDXGISwapChain::Present(0, 0)

EDIT2：我一直在做一些阅读，也许我需要在 preProc 传递之后将纹理作为渲染目标取消分配，然后再将它们作为 ShaderResourceViews 传递到我的 postProcess 着色器。我假设调用 context.OutputMerger.SetTargets() 将取消分配所有当前分配的渲染目标，然后仅分配函数参数中指定的渲染目标。如果情况并非如此（我还不能确定是否如此），那么我将如何取消分配 SlimDX 中的渲染目标？

EDIT3：啊，根据这个MSDN Page，调用 OutputMerger.SetRenderTargets() “会覆盖所有有界渲染目标和深度模板目标，无论渲染目标的数量有多少ppRenderTargetViews。” 因此，当我告诉 OutputMerger 渲染到屏幕时，我的所有渲染目标都会自动释放。这让我回到了第一个方向。

Answer 1

通过发现我是多么愚蠢来解决这个问题。

当我创建渲染目标时，我创建了一个Texture2DArray，但我将其视为一组Texture2D 对象，而不是一个对象。此后，我更改了代码以使用Texture2D 对象数组，并且效果非常好。