如何在附加的 sqlite 数据库中创建外键?
我正在尝试创建一个 sqlite3 数据库作为模拟生产环境的测试环境。由于生产的设置方式,表处于多个模式中。
我已经在 DBIx::Class 中设置了类,使用 $schema->storage->dbh_do
将数据库与架构附加在一起,并使用 $schema-deploy()
代码> 创建数据库。
但是,当在第二个表上创建外键时,我收到以下错误:
DBIx::Class::Schema::deploy(): DBIx::Class::Schema::deploy(): DBI Exception: DBD::SQLite::db do failed: near ".": syntax error
去掉 DBIx::Class 最简单的重现测试如下。
sqlite3 initial.db
SQLite version 3.6.23
Enter ".help" for instructions
Enter SQL statements terminated with a ";"
sqlite> attach database 'other.db' as 'other';
sqlite> create table other.a( col1_a, col2_a);
sqlite> create table other.b( col1_b, col2_b, foreign key(col1_b) references other.a(col1_a));
Error: near ".": syntax error
sqlite> create table other.b( col1_b, col2_b, foreign key(col1_b) references a(col1_a));
sqlite>
从外键子句中删除架构将成功创建表。
如何使用 DBIx::Class 在外部模式中创建表?
编辑:代码的完整示例。
package MyApp::Schema;
use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
__PACKAGE__->load_namespaces();
1;
package MyApp::Schema::Result::A;
use base qw/DBIx::Class::Core/;
__PACKAGE__->table('other_db.A');
__PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ a1 a2 /);
__PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('a1');
__PACKAGE__->has_many(bs => 'MyApp::Schema::Result::B', 'b1');
1;
package MyApp::Schema::Result::B;
use base qw/DBIx::Class::Core/;
__PACKAGE__->table('other_db.B');
__PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ b1 b2 /);
__PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('b1');
__PACKAGE__->belongs_to(a => 'MyApp::Schema::Result::A', 'b1');
1;
主脚本:
use MyApp::Schema;
my $schema = MyApp::Schema->connect('dbi:SQLite:dbname=test.db','','',{});
my $res = $schema->storage->dbh_do(
sub {
my ($storage, $dbh) = @_;
$dbh->do("attach database 'other.db' as other_db");
}
);
$schema->deploy();
给出的错误是:
DBIx::Class::Schema::deploy(): DBIx::Class::Schema::deploy(): DBI Exception: DBD::SQLite::db do failed: near ".": syntax error [for Statement "CREATE TABLE other_db.B (
b1 NOT NULL,
b2 NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (b1),
FOREIGN KEY(b1) REFERENCES other_db.A(a1)
)"] at dbi.pl line 17
(running "CREATE TABLE other_db.B (
b1 NOT NULL,
b2 NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (b1),
FOREIGN KEY(b1) REFERENCES other_db.A(a1)
)") at dbi.pl line 17
I am trying to create a sqlite3 database as a test environment that mimics the production environment. Due to the way production is setup the tables are in multiple schemas.
I have setup the classes in DBIx::Class, using $schema->storage->dbh_do
to attach the database with the schema, and using $schema-deploy()
to create the database.
However when it comes to creating the foreign key on the second table I get the following error:
DBIx::Class::Schema::deploy(): DBIx::Class::Schema::deploy(): DBI Exception: DBD::SQLite::db do failed: near ".": syntax error
Taking away DBIx::Class
the simplest test to reproduce is as follows.
sqlite3 initial.db
SQLite version 3.6.23
Enter ".help" for instructions
Enter SQL statements terminated with a ";"
sqlite> attach database 'other.db' as 'other';
sqlite> create table other.a( col1_a, col2_a);
sqlite> create table other.b( col1_b, col2_b, foreign key(col1_b) references other.a(col1_a));
Error: near ".": syntax error
sqlite> create table other.b( col1_b, col2_b, foreign key(col1_b) references a(col1_a));
sqlite>
Removing the schema from the foreign key clause will successfully create the table.
How can i create the tables in the foreign schema with DBIx::Class?
EDIT: A full sample of the code.
package MyApp::Schema;
use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
__PACKAGE__->load_namespaces();
1;
package MyApp::Schema::Result::A;
use base qw/DBIx::Class::Core/;
__PACKAGE__->table('other_db.A');
__PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ a1 a2 /);
__PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('a1');
__PACKAGE__->has_many(bs => 'MyApp::Schema::Result::B', 'b1');
1;
package MyApp::Schema::Result::B;
use base qw/DBIx::Class::Core/;
__PACKAGE__->table('other_db.B');
__PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ b1 b2 /);
__PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('b1');
__PACKAGE__->belongs_to(a => 'MyApp::Schema::Result::A', 'b1');
1;
The main script:
use MyApp::Schema;
my $schema = MyApp::Schema->connect('dbi:SQLite:dbname=test.db','','',{});
my $res = $schema->storage->dbh_do(
sub {
my ($storage, $dbh) = @_;
$dbh->do("attach database 'other.db' as other_db");
}
);
$schema->deploy();
The error given is:
DBIx::Class::Schema::deploy(): DBIx::Class::Schema::deploy(): DBI Exception: DBD::SQLite::db do failed: near ".": syntax error [for Statement "CREATE TABLE other_db.B (
b1 NOT NULL,
b2 NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (b1),
FOREIGN KEY(b1) REFERENCES other_db.A(a1)
)"] at dbi.pl line 17
(running "CREATE TABLE other_db.B (
b1 NOT NULL,
b2 NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (b1),
FOREIGN KEY(b1) REFERENCES other_db.A(a1)
)") at dbi.pl line 17
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简单的答案是,在外键定义中使用表名时,您不能(也不需要)指定数据库名称。 sqlite 文档是这样表示的。
此链接显示了如何在“create table db.table”部分中使用数据库名称和新表名称:
http://www.sqlite.org/lang_createtable.html
而此链接显示了如何不能在外键定义中使用数据库名称:
http://www.sqlite.org/syntaxdiagrams.html#foreign-key-clause
Simple answer is that you can't (and don't need to) specify the database name when with the table name in foreign key definitions. The sqlite docs indicates it as such.
This link shows how you can use the database name with the new table name in the "create table db.table" part:
http://www.sqlite.org/lang_createtable.html
Whereas this link shows how you can't use the database name in the foreign key definition:
http://www.sqlite.org/syntaxdiagrams.html#foreign-key-clause