用 Jackson 映射一个可以有不同类型的 JSON 字段?

发布于 2024-11-24 04:03:53 字数 950 浏览 0 评论 0原文

我从 Web 服务获取 JSON,并且无法影响 JSON 格式。下面的 JSON 代码只是一个示例来说明问题。字段 cars 可以是包含 Car 对象的对象,也可以是空字符串。如果我可以更改 Web 服务,我会将空字符串更改为空对象,例如 "cars" : {} 而不是 "cars" : ""

当尝试将 JSON 映射到此 Java 对象时:

public class Person {
    public int id;
    public String name;
    public Map<String, Car> cars;
}

这有效:

{
    "id" : "1234",
    "name" : "John Doe",
    "cars" : {
        "Tesla Model S" : {
            "color" : "silver",
            "buying_date" : "2012-06-01"
        },
        "Toyota Yaris" : {
            "color" : "blue",
            "buying_date" : "2005-01-01"
        }
    }
}

这失败了:

{
    "id" : "1",
    "name" : "The Dude",
    "cars" : ""
}

在 Jackson 中处理这种情况的最佳方法是什么?如果有空字符串,我想为 cars 字段获取 null。我尝试使用 ACCEPT_EMPTY_STRING_AS_NULL_OBJECT,但没有帮助。

I get JSON from a web service and can not influence the JSON format. The JSON code below is just an example to illustrate the problem. The field cars can either be an object containing Car objects or it can be an empty string. If I could change the web service, I'd change the empty String to be an empty object like "cars" : {} instead of "cars" : "".

When trying to map JSON to this Java object:

public class Person {
    public int id;
    public String name;
    public Map<String, Car> cars;
}

This works:

{
    "id" : "1234",
    "name" : "John Doe",
    "cars" : {
        "Tesla Model S" : {
            "color" : "silver",
            "buying_date" : "2012-06-01"
        },
        "Toyota Yaris" : {
            "color" : "blue",
            "buying_date" : "2005-01-01"
        }
    }
}

And this fails:

{
    "id" : "1",
    "name" : "The Dude",
    "cars" : ""
}

What would be the best way to handle this case in Jackson? If there's the empty string, I'd like to get null for the field cars. I tried using ACCEPT_EMPTY_STRING_AS_NULL_OBJECT, but it didn't help.

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南巷近海 2024-12-01 04:03:53

现场汽车可以包含汽车对象列表
...
这有效:

{
    "id" : "1234",
    "name" : "John Doe",
    "cars" : {
        "Tesla Model S" : {
            "color" : "silver",
            "buying_date" : "2012-06-01"
        },
        "Toyota Yaris" : {
            "color" : "blue",
            "buying_date" : "2005-01-01"
        }
    }
}

“cars”元素值不是列表(也称为数组)。它是一个JSON对象,也可以认为是一个map类型的集合,但它不是一个列表。

因此,换句话来说,目标是将有时是对象、有时是空字符串的 JSON 反序列化为 Java Map

为了解决这个问题,我很惊讶 ACCEPT_EMPTY_STRING_AS_NULL_OBJECT 没用。我建议在 http://jira.codehaus.org/browse/JACKSON 记录问题。

您可以实现自定义反序列化。以下是一个示例解决方案。如果目标数据结构有其他Map引用,则需要相应更改此解决方案。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonNode;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonParser;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonProcessingException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.ObjectCodec;
import org.codehaus.jackson.Version;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.DeserializationContext;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonDeserializer;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.module.SimpleModule;
import org.codehaus.jackson.type.TypeReference;

public class Foo
{
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
  {
    SimpleModule module = new SimpleModule("CarsDeserializer", Version.unknownVersion());
    module.addDeserializer(Map.class, new CarsDeserializer());

    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper().withModule(module);

    Person person1 = mapper.readValue(new File("input1.json"), Person.class);
    System.out.println(mapper.writeValueAsString(person1));
    // {"id":1234,"name":"John Doe","cars":{"Tesla Model S":{"color":"silver","buying_date":"2012-06-01"},"Toyota Yaris":{"color":"blue","buying_date":"2005-01-01"}}}

    Person person2 = mapper.readValue(new File("input2.json"), Person.class);
    System.out.println(mapper.writeValueAsString(person2));
    // {"id":1,"name":"The Dude","cars":{}}
  }
}

class Person
{
  public int id;
  public String name;
  public Map<String, Car> cars;
}

class Car
{
  public String color;
  public String buying_date;
}

class CarsDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<Map<String, Car>>
{
  @Override
  public Map<String, Car> deserialize(JsonParser jp, DeserializationContext ctxt) throws IOException,
      JsonProcessingException
  {
    ObjectCodec codec = jp.getCodec();
    JsonNode node = codec.readTree(jp);
    if (!"".equals(node.getTextValue()))
    {
      ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
      return mapper.readValue(node, new TypeReference<Map<String, Car>>() {});
    }
    return new HashMap<String, Car>(); // or return null, if preferred
  }
}

The field cars can either contain a list of Car objects
...
This works:

{
    "id" : "1234",
    "name" : "John Doe",
    "cars" : {
        "Tesla Model S" : {
            "color" : "silver",
            "buying_date" : "2012-06-01"
        },
        "Toyota Yaris" : {
            "color" : "blue",
            "buying_date" : "2005-01-01"
        }
    }
}

The "cars" element value is not a list (aka array). It's a JSON object, which can also be considered a map-type collection, but it is not a list.

So, to rephrase the issue, the goal is to deserialize JSON that is sometimes an object and sometimes an empty string into a Java Map.

To solve this, I'm surprised ACCEPT_EMPTY_STRING_AS_NULL_OBJECT didn't work. I recommend logging an issue at http://jira.codehaus.org/browse/JACKSON.

You could implement custom deserialization. Following is an example solution. If the target data structure has other Map references, then this solution would need to be accordingly changed.

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonNode;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonParser;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonProcessingException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.ObjectCodec;
import org.codehaus.jackson.Version;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.DeserializationContext;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonDeserializer;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.module.SimpleModule;
import org.codehaus.jackson.type.TypeReference;

public class Foo
{
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
  {
    SimpleModule module = new SimpleModule("CarsDeserializer", Version.unknownVersion());
    module.addDeserializer(Map.class, new CarsDeserializer());

    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper().withModule(module);

    Person person1 = mapper.readValue(new File("input1.json"), Person.class);
    System.out.println(mapper.writeValueAsString(person1));
    // {"id":1234,"name":"John Doe","cars":{"Tesla Model S":{"color":"silver","buying_date":"2012-06-01"},"Toyota Yaris":{"color":"blue","buying_date":"2005-01-01"}}}

    Person person2 = mapper.readValue(new File("input2.json"), Person.class);
    System.out.println(mapper.writeValueAsString(person2));
    // {"id":1,"name":"The Dude","cars":{}}
  }
}

class Person
{
  public int id;
  public String name;
  public Map<String, Car> cars;
}

class Car
{
  public String color;
  public String buying_date;
}

class CarsDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<Map<String, Car>>
{
  @Override
  public Map<String, Car> deserialize(JsonParser jp, DeserializationContext ctxt) throws IOException,
      JsonProcessingException
  {
    ObjectCodec codec = jp.getCodec();
    JsonNode node = codec.readTree(jp);
    if (!"".equals(node.getTextValue()))
    {
      ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
      return mapper.readValue(node, new TypeReference<Map<String, Car>>() {});
    }
    return new HashMap<String, Car>(); // or return null, if preferred
  }
}
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