回形针无法在 Apache/Passenger 下工作

Question

我已将 Rails 应用程序部署在运行 Apache 和 Phusion Passenger 的临时/生产计算机上，但无法正确加载 Paperclip gem（或者至少无法让使用它的应用程序部分正常工作）。其他 gem 似乎加载得很好，当我在 RAILS_ROOT/config/environments/staging.rb 中将 config.cache_classes 设置为 false 时，应用程序的其余部分工作正常。如果将其设置为 true，我会在浏览器（和 apache 错误日志）中收到以下 Passenger 消息，并且根本无法使用该应用程序：

Error message:
undefined method `validates_attachment_presence' for #<Class:0xb618e938>

Exception class:
NoMethodError

我已经在 google 上搜索了相当长的一段时间，但无法找到我遇到的这个问题的解决方案。我希望我没有忽略一些明显的事情...

更新21/8：在同一个盒子上使用 sudo script/server -b 17x.7x.16x.3x -e staging 运行rails应用程序工作正常。这可能是权限问题并且 Passenger 无法找到已安装的 Paperclip Gem 吗？

希望您能给我一些指示，如果您需要更多信息，请告诉我！谢谢马克

关于我的环境的一些信息：

$ rails -v
Rails 2.3.5

RAILS_ROOT/config/environment.rb 有这样的设置：

config.gem "paperclip", :version => "~> 2.3"

Gems 环境：

   $ gem env
    RubyGems Environment:
      - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 1.3.5
      - RUBY VERSION: 1.8.7 (2010-01-10 patchlevel 249) [i486-linux]
      - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /var/lib/gems/1.8
      - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /usr/bin/ruby1.8
      - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /var/lib/gems/1.8/bin
      - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
        - ruby
        - x86-linux
      - GEM PATHS:
         - /var/lib/gems/1.8
         - /home/mark/.gem/ruby/1.8
      - GEM CONFIGURATION:
         - :update_sources => true
         - :verbose => true
         - :benchmark => false
         - :backtrace => false
         - :bulk_threshold => 1000
      - REMOTE SOURCES:
         - http://gems.rubyforge.org/

服务器上的 Gems 列表：

$ gem list

*** LOCAL GEMS ***

abstract (1.0.0)
actionmailer (3.0.9, 2.3.5)
actionpack (3.0.9, 2.3.5)
activemodel (3.0.9)
activerecord (3.0.9, 2.3.5)
activeresource (3.0.9, 2.3.5)
activesupport (3.0.9, 2.3.5)
arel (2.1.3, 2.0.10)
builder (3.0.0, 2.1.2)
capistrano (2.6.0)
cocaine (0.1.0)
daemon_controller (0.2.6)
erubis (2.6.6)
fastthread (1.0.7)
highline (1.6.2)
i18n (0.4.2)
mail (2.2.19)
mime-types (1.16)
mysql (2.8.1)
net-scp (1.0.4)
net-sftp (2.0.5)
net-ssh (2.1.4)
net-ssh-gateway (1.1.0)
paperclip (2.3.12)
passenger (3.0.7)
polyglot (0.3.1)
rack (1.2.3, 1.1.0, 1.0.1)
rack-mount (0.6.14)
rack-test (0.5.7)
rails (2.3.5)
rake (0.9.2, 0.8.7)
treetop (1.4.9)
tzinfo (0.3.29)
will_paginate (2.3.15)

Paperclip gem 安装在此处：

$ sudo find / -name 'paperclip'
/var/lib/gems/1.8/doc/paperclip-2.3.12/rdoc/files/lib/paperclip
/var/lib/gems/1.8/doc/paperclip-2.3.12/rdoc/files/lib/generators/paperclip
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/paperclip-2.3.12/lib/paperclip
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/paperclip-2.3.12/lib/generators/paperclip
/var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/paperclip-2.3.12/generators/paperclip

Apache 虚拟主机配置：

$ more /etc/apache2/sites-available/staging.mydomain.com 
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName staging.mydomain.com
    DocumentRoot /u/apps/mydomain.com/current/public
    RailsEnv staging 
</VirtualHost>

来自乘客页面的一些附加堆栈跟踪（顺便说一句：尝试过删除 will_paginate 插件，但结果完全相同；它在 active_record/base.rb 处抛出错误）：

Backtrace:
#   File    Line    Location
0   /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/base.rb 1959    in `method_missing_without_paginate'
1   /u/apps/mydomain.com/releases/20110705192718/vendor/plugins/will_paginate/lib/will_paginate/finder.rb   170 in `method_missing'
2   /u/apps/mydomain.com/releases/20110705192718/app/models/image.rb    5   
3   /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb    31  in `gem_original_require'
4   /usr/lib/ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb    31  in `require'
5   /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb   158 in `require'
6   /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb   265 in `require_or_load'
7   /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb   224 in `depend_on'
8   /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb   136 in `require_dependency'
9   /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/initializer.rb   414 in `load_application_classes'
10  /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.5/lib/initializer.rb   413 in `each'

图像类的代码：

class Image < ActiveRecord::Base

  belongs_to :user

  validate_attachment_presence :photo
  validates_uniqueness_of :photo_file_name, :scope => :user_id

  has_attached_file :photo, :url => "/assets/:user/app/:class/:style_:basename.:
extension", 
    :path => "#{APP_PATH}/:user/app/:class/:style_:basename.:extension",
    :styles => {
      :thumb=> "50x50#",
      :large =>   "400x" }
end

config/environment.rb

# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file

# Specifies gem version of Rails to use when vendor/rails is not present
RAILS_GEM_VERSION = '2.3.5' unless defined? RAILS_GEM_VERSION

# Bootstrap the Rails environment, frameworks, and default configuration
require File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), 'boot')

Rails::Initializer.run do |config|
  config.time_zone = 'UTC'
  config.active_record.observers = :user_observer #, :website_observer
  config.gem "paperclip", :version => "~> 2.3"
end

SITE_NAME = 'Mydomain.com'
CMS_PREFIX = 'joomla'

配置/环境.rb/staging.rb

# Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/environment.rb

# The staging environment is meant for finished, apps and final acceptance testing.
# Code is not reloaded between requests
config.cache_classes = true

# Full error reports are disabled and caching is turned on
config.action_controller.consider_all_requests_local = false
config.action_controller.perform_caching             = true
config.action_view.cache_template_loading            = true


ActionController::Base.asset_host = "staging.mydomain.com"

DOCUMENT_ROOT = "/var/www"
APP_PATH = "/u/apps"
DB_PREFIX = "a001"
DB_USER = "joomla" 
DB_PWD = "*****"
GIT_URL = "[email protected]:****/mydomain.git"

ActionMailer::Base.delivery_method = :smtp

ActionMailer::Base.smtp_settings = {
    :enable_starttls_auto => true,    
    :address => "smtp.gmail.com",
    :port => "587",
    :domain => "gmail.com",
    :authentication => :plain,
    :user_name => "****@gmail.com",
    :password => "****"
  }

Answer 1

尝试将 validate_attachment_presence 行移到 has_attached_file 块之后 - has_attached_file 包含 Paperclip 的实例方法，因此排序可能存在问题。我知道开发环境和生产环境之间的类加载有所不同，但我不确定这些差异的程度。

Answer 2

好的，我通过添加

require "paperclip"

到 image.rb 类解决了这个问题。

我现在就采用这个解决方法。

Answer 3

您输入的验证方法有误。根据Paperclip Rdoc，正确的方法名称是validate_attachment_presence - 它是“验证”而不是“验证”。