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每次执行 sudo 命令时 python Fabric 都会提示输入密码

发布于 2024-11-18 07:44:44 字数 9016 浏览 2 评论 0原文

下面是我一直在编写的用于在远程服务器上安装软件包的小代码。代码工作正常并且正在安装软件包，但是安装完成后，系统会提示我输入密码。知道是什么原因造成的吗？

import re
import os
import sys
from datetime import datetime

import git

from fabric.api import run, local, cd, env
from fabric.contrib.files import exists, append
from fabric.operations import put, sudo


class WebAppConf():
    APPLICATION_DIR = '/home/xxx/webapps'
    APPLICATION_USER = '' # mazban
    APPLICATION_ROOT = ''
    APPLICATION_TEMPLATE_SETTINGS = 'com_work'  # see config/settings/templates

BASE_DIR = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))

###########################################################################
# CONFIGURATION FOR DEVELOPMENT, STAGING, TESTING AND PRODUCTION SETTINGS - START     #
###########################################################################

def test():
    env.hosts = env.hosts or ['192.168.3.139', ]
    env.user = 'xxx'
    env.password = "xxx"
    env.warn_only = True
    env.no_keys = True
    # App variables 
    WebAppConf.APPLICATION_DIR = '/home/xxx/webapps' # application physical location
    WebAppConf.APPLICATION_USER = env.user
    WebAppConf.APPLICATION_ROOT = env.user
    WebAppConf.APPLICATION_TEMPLATE_SETTINGS = 'testing'


def staging():
    env.hosts = env.hosts or ['xxx-staging.com', ]
    env.user = 'xxx'
    env.password = "xx"
    env.warn_only = True
    env.no_keys = True

def production():
    """
    Production will deploay on one or many frontend's
        for peroduction deployment no password will be used and only ssh keys
    """
    env.hosts = env.hosts or ['xxx.com', ]
    env.user = APPLICATION_USER
    env.password = "xx"
    env.warn_only = True
    env.no_keys = True

##########################################################################
# CONFIGURATION FOR DEVELOPMENT, STAGING, TESTING AND PRODUCTION SETTINGS - END      #
##########################################################################


def firstrun():
    ## if no env is selected it will fail
    if not env.hosts:
        print 'Error: must use environment (e.g fab prod %s)' % 'firstrun'
        exit()

    # validate the OS distribution and version
    LINUX_DISTRIBUTION = ''
    if run('cat /etc/*-release|grep DISTRIB_ID').upper().__contains__('UBUNTU'):
        LINUX_DISTRIBUTION = 'UBUNTU'
        print 'Ubuntu Linux'
    elif run('cat /etc/*-release|grep DISTRIB_ID').upper().__contains__('DEBIAN'):
        LINUX_DISTRIBUTION = 'DEBIAN'
        print 'Debian Linux'
    else:
        print 'Exiting (Cannot recognize linux distribution).'
        exit()

    # Linux version
    LINUX_VERSION = run('cat /etc/*-release|grep DISTRIB_RELEASE')
    print 'Linux version %s' % LINUX_VERSION.replace('DISTRIB_RELEASE=', '')

    # GET PYTHON VERSIONS
    version = run("python2.6 -V").split()[1]
    if version[0]=='2' and version[2]=='6' and version[4]=='6':
        # version installed matches the requirements
        print 'Python version is compatible with this application (2.6.6).'
    else:
        print 'Python version is not compatible with this application %s' % version[0]+'.'+version[2]+'.'+version[4]
        _sudo('apt-get install python2.6')
        version = run("python2.6 -V").split()[1]
        if version[0]=='2' and version[2]=='6' and version[4]=='6':
            print 'python 2.6.6 installed successfully.'
        else:
            print 'cannot install python 2.6.6'
            exit()

    if not exists('/usr/bin/pip'):
        print "installing python-pip package"
        _sudo('apt-get install python-pip')

    if not exists('/usr/local/bin/virtualenv'):
        print 'installing virtualenv'
        _sudo('pip install -E /usr/bin/python2.6 virtualenv')


    # application directory check
    MAKE_APPLICATION_DIR = False
    if not exists(WebAppConf.APPLICATION_DIR):
        MAKE_APPLICATION_DIR = True
        print '%s does not exist.' % WebAppConf.APPLICATION_DIR
        run('mkdir -p %s' % WebAppConf.APPLICATION_DIR)
        print '%s application directory is created successfully.' % WebAppConf.APPLICATION_DIR

    # change to application root directory and start preparing for applications
    #with cd(WebAppConf.APPLICATION_DIR):
    return

执行函数时的输出

mo@ubuntu:~/Projects/mazban/mazban$ fab test firstrun
[192.168.3.139] Executing task 'firstrun'
[192.168.3.139] run: cat /etc/*-release|grep DISTRIB_ID
[192.168.3.139] out: DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
[192.168.3.139] out: 
Ubuntu Linux
[192.168.3.139] run: cat /etc/*-release|grep DISTRIB_RELEASE
[192.168.3.139] out: DISTRIB_RELEASE=11.04
[192.168.3.139] out: 
Linux version 11.04
[192.168.3.139] run: python2.6 -V
[192.168.3.139] out: /bin/bash: python2.6: command not found
[192.168.3.139] out: 

Warning: run() encountered an error (return code 127) while executing 'python2.6 -V'

Python version is not compatible with this application p.t.o
[192.168.3.139] sudo: apt-get install python2.6
[192.168.3.139] out: sudo password:
[192.168.3.139] out: Reading package lists... Done
[192.168.3.139] out: Building dependency tree       
[192.168.3.139] out: Reading state information... Done
[192.168.3.139] out: The following extra packages will be installed:
[192.168.3.139] out:   python2.6-minimal
[192.168.3.139] out: Suggested packages:
[192.168.3.139] out:   python2.6-doc python2.6-profiler
[192.168.3.139] out: The following NEW packages will be installed:
[192.168.3.139] out:   python2.6 python2.6-minimal
[192.168.3.139] out: 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
[192.168.3.139] out: Need to get 3,743 kB of archives.
[192.168.3.139] out: After this operation, 14.3 MB of additional disk space will be used.
[192.168.3.139] out: Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y
[192.168.3.139] out: Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty/main python2.6-minimal i386 2.6.6-6ubuntu7 [1,386 kB]
[192.168.3.139] out: Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty/main python2.6 i386 2.6.6-6ubuntu7 [2,357 kB]
[192.168.3.139] out: 53% [2 python2.6 602 kB/2,357 kB 25%]                                                                                                                        [192.168.3.139] out: 58% [2 python2.6 797 kB/2,357 kB 33%]                                                                                                                        [192.168.3.139] out: 63% [2 python2.6 1,001 kB/2,357 kB 42%]                                                                                                                      [192.168.3.139] out: 69% [2 python2.6 1,208 kB/2,357 kB 51%]                                                                                                                      [192.168.3.139] out: 75% [2 python2.6 1,425 kB/2,357 kB 60%]                                                                                                                      [192.168.3.139] out: 81% [2 python2.6 1,651 kB/2,357 kB 70%]                                                                                                                      [192.168.3.139] out: 87% [2 python2.6 1,890 kB/2,357 kB 80%]                                                                                                                      [192.168.3.139] out: 94% [2 python2.6 2,141 kB/2,357 kB 90%]                                                                                                                      [192.168.3.139] out: 100% [Working]                                                                                                                                               [192.168.3.139] out:                                                                                                                                                              [192.168.3.139] out: Fetched 3,743 kB in 10s (371 kB/s)
[192.168.3.139] out: Selecting previously deselected package python2.6-minimal.
[192.168.3.139] out: (Reading database ... 131472 files and directories currently installed.)
[192.168.3.139] out: Unpacking python2.6-minimal (from .../python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-6ubuntu7_i386.deb) ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Selecting previously deselected package python2.6.
[192.168.3.139] out: Unpacking python2.6 (from .../python2.6_2.6.6-6ubuntu7_i386.deb) ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Processing triggers for man-db ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf.index...
[192.168.3.139] out: Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Processing triggers for python-gmenu ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/desktop.en_US.utf8.cache...
[192.168.3.139] out: Processing triggers for python-support ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Setting up python2.6-minimal (2.6.6-6ubuntu7) ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Linking and byte-compiling packages for runtime python2.6...
[192.168.3.139] out: Setting up python2.6 (2.6.6-6ubuntu7) ...
[192.168.3.139] out: 
[192.168.3.139] run: python2.6 -V
[192.168.3.139] Login password:
原文

Below is a small code I've been working on to install packages on the remote server. The code is working fine and the packages are being installed, but once the installation is complete I get prompted for entering the password. Any idea what is causing this?

import re
import os
import sys
from datetime import datetime

import git

from fabric.api import run, local, cd, env
from fabric.contrib.files import exists, append
from fabric.operations import put, sudo


class WebAppConf():
    APPLICATION_DIR = '/home/xxx/webapps'
    APPLICATION_USER = '' # mazban
    APPLICATION_ROOT = ''
    APPLICATION_TEMPLATE_SETTINGS = 'com_work'  # see config/settings/templates

BASE_DIR = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))

###########################################################################
# CONFIGURATION FOR DEVELOPMENT, STAGING, TESTING AND PRODUCTION SETTINGS - START     #
###########################################################################

def test():
    env.hosts = env.hosts or ['192.168.3.139', ]
    env.user = 'xxx'
    env.password = "xxx"
    env.warn_only = True
    env.no_keys = True
    # App variables 
    WebAppConf.APPLICATION_DIR = '/home/xxx/webapps' # application physical location
    WebAppConf.APPLICATION_USER = env.user
    WebAppConf.APPLICATION_ROOT = env.user
    WebAppConf.APPLICATION_TEMPLATE_SETTINGS = 'testing'


def staging():
    env.hosts = env.hosts or ['xxx-staging.com', ]
    env.user = 'xxx'
    env.password = "xx"
    env.warn_only = True
    env.no_keys = True

def production():
    """
    Production will deploay on one or many frontend's
        for peroduction deployment no password will be used and only ssh keys
    """
    env.hosts = env.hosts or ['xxx.com', ]
    env.user = APPLICATION_USER
    env.password = "xx"
    env.warn_only = True
    env.no_keys = True

##########################################################################
# CONFIGURATION FOR DEVELOPMENT, STAGING, TESTING AND PRODUCTION SETTINGS - END      #
##########################################################################


def firstrun():
    ## if no env is selected it will fail
    if not env.hosts:
        print 'Error: must use environment (e.g fab prod %s)' % 'firstrun'
        exit()

    # validate the OS distribution and version
    LINUX_DISTRIBUTION = ''
    if run('cat /etc/*-release|grep DISTRIB_ID').upper().__contains__('UBUNTU'):
        LINUX_DISTRIBUTION = 'UBUNTU'
        print 'Ubuntu Linux'
    elif run('cat /etc/*-release|grep DISTRIB_ID').upper().__contains__('DEBIAN'):
        LINUX_DISTRIBUTION = 'DEBIAN'
        print 'Debian Linux'
    else:
        print 'Exiting (Cannot recognize linux distribution).'
        exit()

    # Linux version
    LINUX_VERSION = run('cat /etc/*-release|grep DISTRIB_RELEASE')
    print 'Linux version %s' % LINUX_VERSION.replace('DISTRIB_RELEASE=', '')

    # GET PYTHON VERSIONS
    version = run("python2.6 -V").split()[1]
    if version[0]=='2' and version[2]=='6' and version[4]=='6':
        # version installed matches the requirements
        print 'Python version is compatible with this application (2.6.6).'
    else:
        print 'Python version is not compatible with this application %s' % version[0]+'.'+version[2]+'.'+version[4]
        _sudo('apt-get install python2.6')
        version = run("python2.6 -V").split()[1]
        if version[0]=='2' and version[2]=='6' and version[4]=='6':
            print 'python 2.6.6 installed successfully.'
        else:
            print 'cannot install python 2.6.6'
            exit()

    if not exists('/usr/bin/pip'):
        print "installing python-pip package"
        _sudo('apt-get install python-pip')

    if not exists('/usr/local/bin/virtualenv'):
        print 'installing virtualenv'
        _sudo('pip install -E /usr/bin/python2.6 virtualenv')


    # application directory check
    MAKE_APPLICATION_DIR = False
    if not exists(WebAppConf.APPLICATION_DIR):
        MAKE_APPLICATION_DIR = True
        print '%s does not exist.' % WebAppConf.APPLICATION_DIR
        run('mkdir -p %s' % WebAppConf.APPLICATION_DIR)
        print '%s application directory is created successfully.' % WebAppConf.APPLICATION_DIR

    # change to application root directory and start preparing for applications
    #with cd(WebAppConf.APPLICATION_DIR):
    return

Output when executing function

mo@ubuntu:~/Projects/mazban/mazban$ fab test firstrun
[192.168.3.139] Executing task 'firstrun'
[192.168.3.139] run: cat /etc/*-release|grep DISTRIB_ID
[192.168.3.139] out: DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
[192.168.3.139] out: 
Ubuntu Linux
[192.168.3.139] run: cat /etc/*-release|grep DISTRIB_RELEASE
[192.168.3.139] out: DISTRIB_RELEASE=11.04
[192.168.3.139] out: 
Linux version 11.04
[192.168.3.139] run: python2.6 -V
[192.168.3.139] out: /bin/bash: python2.6: command not found
[192.168.3.139] out: 

Warning: run() encountered an error (return code 127) while executing 'python2.6 -V'

Python version is not compatible with this application p.t.o
[192.168.3.139] sudo: apt-get install python2.6
[192.168.3.139] out: sudo password:
[192.168.3.139] out: Reading package lists... Done
[192.168.3.139] out: Building dependency tree       
[192.168.3.139] out: Reading state information... Done
[192.168.3.139] out: The following extra packages will be installed:
[192.168.3.139] out:   python2.6-minimal
[192.168.3.139] out: Suggested packages:
[192.168.3.139] out:   python2.6-doc python2.6-profiler
[192.168.3.139] out: The following NEW packages will be installed:
[192.168.3.139] out:   python2.6 python2.6-minimal
[192.168.3.139] out: 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
[192.168.3.139] out: Need to get 3,743 kB of archives.
[192.168.3.139] out: After this operation, 14.3 MB of additional disk space will be used.
[192.168.3.139] out: Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y
[192.168.3.139] out: Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty/main python2.6-minimal i386 2.6.6-6ubuntu7 [1,386 kB]
[192.168.3.139] out: Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty/main python2.6 i386 2.6.6-6ubuntu7 [2,357 kB]
[192.168.3.139] out: 53% [2 python2.6 602 kB/2,357 kB 25%]                                                                                                                        [192.168.3.139] out: 58% [2 python2.6 797 kB/2,357 kB 33%]                                                                                                                        [192.168.3.139] out: 63% [2 python2.6 1,001 kB/2,357 kB 42%]                                                                                                                      [192.168.3.139] out: 69% [2 python2.6 1,208 kB/2,357 kB 51%]                                                                                                                      [192.168.3.139] out: 75% [2 python2.6 1,425 kB/2,357 kB 60%]                                                                                                                      [192.168.3.139] out: 81% [2 python2.6 1,651 kB/2,357 kB 70%]                                                                                                                      [192.168.3.139] out: 87% [2 python2.6 1,890 kB/2,357 kB 80%]                                                                                                                      [192.168.3.139] out: 94% [2 python2.6 2,141 kB/2,357 kB 90%]                                                                                                                      [192.168.3.139] out: 100% [Working]                                                                                                                                               [192.168.3.139] out:                                                                                                                                                              [192.168.3.139] out: Fetched 3,743 kB in 10s (371 kB/s)
[192.168.3.139] out: Selecting previously deselected package python2.6-minimal.
[192.168.3.139] out: (Reading database ... 131472 files and directories currently installed.)
[192.168.3.139] out: Unpacking python2.6-minimal (from .../python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-6ubuntu7_i386.deb) ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Selecting previously deselected package python2.6.
[192.168.3.139] out: Unpacking python2.6 (from .../python2.6_2.6.6-6ubuntu7_i386.deb) ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Processing triggers for man-db ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf.index...
[192.168.3.139] out: Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Processing triggers for python-gmenu ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/desktop.en_US.utf8.cache...
[192.168.3.139] out: Processing triggers for python-support ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Setting up python2.6-minimal (2.6.6-6ubuntu7) ...
[192.168.3.139] out: Linking and byte-compiling packages for runtime python2.6...
[192.168.3.139] out: Setting up python2.6 (2.6.6-6ubuntu7) ...
[192.168.3.139] out: 
[192.168.3.139] run: python2.6 -V
[192.168.3.139] Login password:

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清秋悲枫 2024-11-25 07:44:44

我的经验有限，但我相信，由于您是“sudo”安装 py2.6，因此您需要“sudo”才能运行它，或者至少在正确的组中（是“wheel”还是类似的东西）在 Ubuntu 上？）。

我想一个简单的测试是，将其更改

 _sudo('apt-get install python2.6')
 version = run("python2.6 -V").split()[1]

为：

 _sudo('apt-get install python2.6')
 version = _sudo("python2.6 -V").split()[1]

&查看是否仍然提示您输入密码。

I'm speaking from limited experience, but I believe that since you're "sudo" installing py2.6 you need be "sudo" to run it, or at least in the right group (is it "wheel" or something like that on Ubuntu?).

I suppose an easy test would be, change this:

 _sudo('apt-get install python2.6')
 version = run("python2.6 -V").split()[1]

to this:

 _sudo('apt-get install python2.6')
 version = _sudo("python2.6 -V").split()[1]

& see if you're still prompted for the password.

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