Django - 没有名为 PIL 的模块

Question

我需要在我的模型中使用 ImageField 并且 PIL 似乎没有安装：

>>> from PIL import Image
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named PIL

但是我可以看到 python-imaging 安装在 Synaptic 中。当我尝试轻松安装它时，我得到：

$ sudo easy_install-2.7 PIL
[sudo] password for glide: 
Searching for PIL
Reading http://pypi.python.org/simple/PIL/
Reading http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil
Reading http://effbot.org/zone/pil-changes-115.htm
Reading http://effbot.org/downloads/#Imaging
Best match: PIL 1.1.7
Downloading http://effbot.org/media/downloads/PIL-1.1.7.tar.gz
Processing PIL-1.1.7.tar.gz
Running PIL-1.1.7/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-HvRSQr/PIL-1.1.7/egg-dist-tmp-nDJHmU
WARNING: '' not a valid package name; please use only.-separated package names in setup.py
_imaging.c:3017: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type
_imaging.c:3077: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type
libImaging/Quant.c: In function ‘rehash_collide’:
libImaging/Quant.c:154: warning: cast to pointer from integer of different size
--------------------------------------------------------------------
PIL 1.1.7 SETUP SUMMARY
--------------------------------------------------------------------
version       1.1.7
platform      linux2 2.7.1 (r271:86832, May  2 2011, 14:22:06)
              [GCC 4.4.3]
--------------------------------------------------------------------
*** TKINTER support not available
*** JPEG support not available
--- ZLIB (PNG/ZIP) support available
*** FREETYPE2 support not available
*** LITTLECMS support not available
--------------------------------------------------------------------
To add a missing option, make sure you have the required
library, and set the corresponding ROOT variable in the
setup.py script.

To check the build, run the selftest.py script.
zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...
Image: module references __file__
Adding PIL 1.1.7 to easy-install.pth file
Installing pilconvert.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pilprint.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pildriver.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pilfont.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pilfile.py script to /usr/local/bin

Installed /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/PIL-1.1.7-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg
Processing dependencies for PIL
Finished processing dependencies for PIL

而且这仍然无法使用。我是否需要执行其他操作才能使用 ImageField 字段类型？

Answer 1

Samuele Mattiuzzo 给了我答案：

您是否尝试过使用 import Image 而不是 from PIL import Image ？有时这可以解决问题

Answer 2

有时这可能不起作用：

pip install pil 

检查一下：gcc error attempts to install PIL in a Python2.6 virtualenv

Answer 3

我知道这是一个已经回答的老问题，但我找到了另一种方法来解决它，纠正了我的服务器中的问题。
PIL包由easy_install安装并存储在“/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/PIL-1.1.7-py2.6-linux-x86_64.egg”中。查看其内容的结果是：

ArgImagePlugin.py        FpxImagePlugin.py        ImageColor.pyc    ImagePalette.py     _imagingmath.so        PaletteFile.pyc        SunImagePlugin.py
ArgImagePlugin.pyc       FpxImagePlugin.pyc       ImageDraw2.py     ImagePalette.pyc    _imaging.py            PalmImagePlugin.py     SunImagePlugin.pyc
BdfFontFile.py           GbrImagePlugin.py        ImageDraw2.pyc    ImagePath.py        _imaging.pyc           PalmImagePlugin.pyc    TarIO.py
BdfFontFile.pyc          GbrImagePlugin.pyc       ImageDraw.py      ImagePath.pyc       _imaging.so            PcdImagePlugin.py      TarIO.pyc
BmpImagePlugin.py        GdImageFile.py           ImageDraw.pyc     Image.py            ImImagePlugin.py       PcdImagePlugin.pyc     TgaImagePlugin.py
BmpImagePlugin.pyc       GdImageFile.pyc          ImageEnhance.py   Image.pyc           ImImagePlugin.pyc      PcfFontFile.py         TgaImagePlugin.pyc
BufrStubImagePlugin.py   GifImagePlugin.py        ImageEnhance.pyc  ImageQt.py          ImtImagePlugin.py      PcfFontFile.pyc        TiffImagePlugin.py
BufrStubImagePlugin.pyc  GifImagePlugin.pyc       ImageFileIO.py    ImageQt.pyc         ImtImagePlugin.pyc     PcxImagePlugin.py      TiffImagePlugin.pyc
ContainerIO.py           GimpGradientFile.py      ImageFileIO.pyc   ImageSequence.py    __init__.py            PcxImagePlugin.pyc     TiffTags.py
ContainerIO.pyc          GimpGradientFile.pyc     ImageFile.py      ImageSequence.pyc   __init__.pyc           PdfImagePlugin.py      TiffTags.pyc
CurImagePlugin.py        GimpPaletteFile.py       ImageFile.pyc     ImageShow.py        IptcImagePlugin.py     PdfImagePlugin.pyc     WalImageFile.py
CurImagePlugin.pyc       GimpPaletteFile.pyc      ImageFilter.py    ImageShow.pyc       IptcImagePlugin.pyc    PixarImagePlugin.py    WalImageFile.pyc
DcxImagePlugin.py        GribStubImagePlugin.py   ImageFilter.pyc   ImageStat.py        JpegImagePlugin.py     PixarImagePlugin.pyc   WmfImagePlugin.py
DcxImagePlugin.pyc       GribStubImagePlugin.pyc  ImageFont.py      ImageStat.pyc       JpegImagePlugin.pyc    PngImagePlugin.py      WmfImagePlugin.pyc
EGG-INFO                 Hdf5StubImagePlugin.py   ImageFont.pyc     ImageTk.py          McIdasImagePlugin.py   PngImagePlugin.pyc     XbmImagePlugin.py
EpsImagePlugin.py        Hdf5StubImagePlugin.pyc  ImageGL.py        ImageTk.pyc         McIdasImagePlugin.pyc  PpmImagePlugin.py      XbmImagePlugin.pyc
EpsImagePlugin.pyc       IcnsImagePlugin.py       ImageGL.pyc       ImageTransform.py   MicImagePlugin.py      PpmImagePlugin.pyc     XpmImagePlugin.py
ExifTags.py              IcnsImagePlugin.pyc      ImageGrab.py      ImageTransform.pyc  MicImagePlugin.pyc     PsdImagePlugin.py      XpmImagePlugin.pyc
ExifTags.pyc             IcoImagePlugin.py        ImageGrab.pyc     ImageWin.py         MpegImagePlugin.py     PsdImagePlugin.pyc     XVThumbImagePlugin.py
FitsStubImagePlugin.py   IcoImagePlugin.pyc       ImageMath.py      ImageWin.pyc        MpegImagePlugin.pyc    PSDraw.py              XVThumbImagePlugin.pyc
FitsStubImagePlugin.pyc  ImageChops.py            ImageMath.pyc     _imagingft.py       MspImagePlugin.py      PSDraw.pyc
FliImagePlugin.py        ImageChops.pyc           ImageMode.py      _imagingft.pyc      MspImagePlugin.pyc     SgiImagePlugin.py
FliImagePlugin.pyc       ImageCms.py              ImageMode.pyc     _imagingft.so       OleFileIO.py           SgiImagePlugin.pyc
FontFile.py              ImageCms.pyc             ImageOps.py       _imagingmath.py     OleFileIO.pyc          SpiderImagePlugin.py
FontFile.pyc             ImageColor.py            ImageOps.pyc      _imagingmath.pyc    PaletteFile.py         SpiderImagePlugin.pyc

嗯。没有可以导入的模块 PIL。于是，我做了一个肮脏的把戏。创建一个名为 PIL 的文件夹并将所有这些文件复制到其中。

mkdir PIL
cp * PIL/

所以，一切开始顺利。我认为这就是问题所在，根据你使用的安装包，它会以不同的方式部署。 ;)

Answer 4

如果您的问题是“为什么对 JPEG、FREETYPE2 等的支持不可用？”，

PIL 将在您安装 PIL 时安装对系统中已存在的软件包的支持。

要支持 JPEG 和 FREETYPE，请安装以下软件包：

sudo aptitude install libjpeg libjpeg-dev
sudo aptitude install libfreetype6 libfreetype6-dev

如果您刚刚在 OS X Lion 上安装了它，并且第三方库无法 from PIL import image，那么您只需执行 ln -s PIL-OSX...PIL

Answer 5

问题来自包管理器如何设置（.py）PIL：

https ://mail.python.org/pipermail/image-sig/2010-August/006480.html

可能的解决方案：

• 将 EGG 重命名为“PIL”。
• 将您的代码调整为已安装的软件包（并不总是可行。）
• 像 Jayme 那样执行 hack（本页其他位置）。
• 使用不同的软件包进行安装。
• 为您的安装手动配置 setup.py。

“重命名 EGG”在本页其他地方没有描述，所以我将在这里描述它：

cd /usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages/
mv PIL-1.1.7-py2.6-linux-i686.egg PIL

这可能会令人惊讶，但这实际上在很多情况下都有效。