Capybara 测试 HTML 电子邮件

Question

我想使用 Capybara 来测试我的应用程序生成的 HTML 电子邮件。

我目前正在使用 email_spec gem，因此我已经将电子邮件正文作为字符串（如果有帮助的话）。

我怎样才能让水豚加载电子邮件？

注意：我的最终目标是使用 capybara-webkit 的 这个分支 将 HTML 电子邮件呈现为图像。

Answer 1

我不知道你为什么要让水豚来测试电子邮件。我知道 email_spec 具有以下功能：

• 跟踪链接
• 验证电子邮件中是否存在文本

当然，email_spec 生成的黄瓜 email_steps.rb 提供了各种指针，向您展示如何直接在 email_spec 级别使用代码来实现上述目标（即没有黄瓜）。

直接来自 email_steps.rb 文件：

# Commonly used email steps
#
# To add your own steps make a custom_email_steps.rb
# The provided methods are:
#
# last_email_address
# reset_mailer
# open_last_email
# visit_in_email
# unread_emails_for
# mailbox_for
# current_email
# open_email
# read_emails_for
# find_email
#
# General form for email scenarios are:
#   - clear the email queue (done automatically by email_spec)
#   - execute steps that sends an email
#   - check the user received an/no/[0-9] emails
#   - open the email
#   - inspect the email contents
#   - interact with the email (e.g. click links)
#
# The Cucumber steps below are setup in this order.

module EmailHelpers
  def current_email_address
    # Replace with your a way to find your current email. e.g @current_user.email
    # last_email_address will return the last email address used by email spec to find an email.
    # Note that last_email_address will be reset after each Scenario.
    last_email_address || "[email protected]"
  end
end

World(EmailHelpers)

#
# Reset the e-mail queue within a scenario.
# This is done automatically before each scenario.
#

Given /^(?:a clear email queue|no emails have been sent)$/ do
  reset_mailer
end

#
# Check how many emails have been sent/received
#

Then /^(?:I|they|"([^"]*?)") should receive (an|no|\d+) emails?$/ do |address, amount|
  unread_emails_for(address).size.should == parse_email_count(amount)
end

Then /^(?:I|they|"([^"]*?)") should have (an|no|\d+) emails?$/ do |address, amount|
  mailbox_for(address).size.should == parse_email_count(amount)
end

Then /^(?:I|they|"([^"]*?)") should receive (an|no|\d+) emails? with subject "([^"]*?)"$/ do |address, amount, subject|
  unread_emails_for(address).select { |m| m.subject =~ Regexp.new(subject) }.size.should == parse_email_count(amount)
end

Then /^(?:I|they|"([^"]*?)") should receive an email with the following body:$/ do |address, expected_body|
  open_email(address, :with_text => expected_body)
end

#
# Accessing emails
#

# Opens the most recently received email
When /^(?:I|they|"([^"]*?)") opens? the email$/ do |address|
  open_email(address)
end

When /^(?:I|they|"([^"]*?)") opens? the email with subject "([^"]*?)"$/ do |address, subject|
  open_email(address, :with_subject => subject)
end

When /^(?:I|they|"([^"]*?)") opens? the email with text "([^"]*?)"$/ do |address, text|
  open_email(address, :with_text => text)
end

#
# Inspect the Email Contents
#

Then /^(?:I|they) should see "([^"]*?)" in the email subject$/ do |text|
  current_email.should have_subject(text)
end

Then /^(?:I|they) should see \/([^"]*?)\/ in the email subject$/ do |text|
  current_email.should have_subject(Regexp.new(text))
end

Then /^(?:I|they) should see "([^"]*?)" in the email body$/ do |text|
  current_email.default_part_body.to_s.should include(text)
end

Then /^(?:I|they) should see \/([^"]*?)\/ in the email body$/ do |text|
  current_email.default_part_body.to_s.should =~ Regexp.new(text)
end

Then /^(?:I|they) should see the email delivered from "([^"]*?)"$/ do |text|
  current_email.should be_delivered_from(text)
end

Then /^(?:I|they) should see "([^\"]*)" in the email "([^"]*?)" header$/ do |text, name|
  current_email.should have_header(name, text)
end

Then /^(?:I|they) should see \/([^\"]*)\/ in the email "([^"]*?)" header$/ do |text, name|
  current_email.should have_header(name, Regexp.new(text))
end

Then /^I should see it is a multi\-part email$/ do
    current_email.should be_multipart
end

Then /^(?:I|they) should see "([^"]*?)" in the email html part body$/ do |text|
    current_email.html_part.body.to_s.should include(text)
end

Then /^(?:I|they) should see "([^"]*?)" in the email text part body$/ do |text|
    current_email.text_part.body.to_s.should include(text)
end

#
# Inspect the Email Attachments
#

Then /^(?:I|they) should see (an|no|\d+) attachments? with the email$/ do |amount|
  current_email_attachments.size.should == parse_email_count(amount)
end

Then /^there should be (an|no|\d+) attachments? named "([^"]*?)"$/ do |amount, filename|
  current_email_attachments.select { |a| a.filename == filename }.size.should == parse_email_count(amount)
end

Then /^attachment (\d+) should be named "([^"]*?)"$/ do |index, filename|
  current_email_attachments[(index.to_i - 1)].filename.should == filename
end

Then /^there should be (an|no|\d+) attachments? of type "([^"]*?)"$/ do |amount, content_type|
  current_email_attachments.select { |a| a.content_type.include?(content_type) }.size.should == parse_email_count(amount)
end

Then /^attachment (\d+) should be of type "([^"]*?)"$/ do |index, content_type|
  current_email_attachments[(index.to_i - 1)].content_type.should include(content_type)
end

Then /^all attachments should not be blank$/ do
  current_email_attachments.each do |attachment|
    attachment.read.size.should_not == 0
  end
end

Then /^show me a list of email attachments$/ do
  EmailSpec::EmailViewer::save_and_open_email_attachments_list(current_email)
end

#
# Interact with Email Contents
#

When /^(?:I|they) follow "([^"]*?)" in the email$/ do |link|
  visit_in_email(link)
end

When /^(?:I|they) click the first link in the email$/ do
  click_first_link_in_email
end

#
# Debugging
# These only work with Rails and OSx ATM since EmailViewer uses RAILS_ROOT and OSx's 'open' command.
# Patches accepted. ;)
#

Then /^save and open current email$/ do
  EmailSpec::EmailViewer::save_and_open_email(current_email)
end

Then /^save and open all text emails$/ do
  EmailSpec::EmailViewer::save_and_open_all_text_emails
end

Then /^save and open all html emails$/ do
  EmailSpec::EmailViewer::save_and_open_all_html_emails
end

Then /^save and open all raw emails$/ do
  EmailSpec::EmailViewer::save_and_open_all_raw_emails
end

假设您可以调用规范中的各种方法，例如：

open_email(address, :with_text => 'mytext')
current_email.default_part_body.to_s.should include(text)
visit_in_email(link)
EmailSpec::EmailViewer::save_and_open_email(current_email)

然后您可以模拟打开电子邮件地址、检查电子邮件内容并访问电子邮件中的链接，甚至保存电子邮件以便您可以在其中查看Safari 或其他浏览器。

除此之外，水豚还能给你带来什么？

Answer 2

我之前使用 Capybara::Node::Simple 允许您在一个字符串上使用多个 Capybara 匹配器。

然而，您提到“最终目标是使用 capybara-webkit 的这个分支将 HTML 电子邮件呈现为图像。”

虽然我不确定您为什么会在测试中这样做，但这确实意味着您需要在浏览器中加载它。
为什么不将字符串写入文件并使用 capybara-webkit（或任何可以处理 page.save_screenshot 的其他浏览器）访问该文件

Answer 3

您可以尝试 PutsBox。您可以发送电子邮件至[email protected]，等待几秒钟（SMTP 的东西不是即时的）然后检查你的电子邮件通过 http://preview.putsbox.com/p/whatever-you-want/最后。

visit '/'

click_on 'a[href="/users/sign_in"]'
click_on 'a[href="/users/password/new"]'

fill_in '#user_email', with: '[email protected]'

click_on 'input[name="commit"]'

# waits for the email
sleep 60

# opens the email
visit 'http://preview.putsbox.com/p/test-reset-password/last'

# clicks on the reset link
click_on 'body > p:nth-child(3) > a'

# resets the password 
fill_in '#user_password', with: 'password'

fill_in '#user_password_confirmation', with: 'password'

click_on 'input[name="commit"]'

示例 ^ 摘自此 帖子教程< /a>.