在尝试组织目录时如何确定分配文件的下一个编号？

Question

我正在编写一个 perl 脚本来组织一个包含所有订单文档的文件夹。除了前几天有人向我扔的一个曲线球之外，该脚本的大部分内容都有效。

问题是当我们有一个最近重做的订单时。我们是土地测量员，有时我们会进行一项调查，然后几年后我们会进行所谓的“飞越”，我们将返回并用另一个文件“附加”订单，要么注意到土地的变化，要么只是简单地说一切都好，什么都没有改变。

这对我来说造成问题的是我们制作/制作的新文件与旧文档具有相同的订单号文档编号。例如，我们可能有一个名为 CF145323 的文档，该文档将有多个名为 CF145323.pdf、*_1.pdf、*_2.pdf 等的单页 PDF 文件。

我正在寻找的是一种修改我的脚本以计算它找到的文件并确定/预测下一个文件编号的方法。因此，如果有 *_1.pdf 到 *_3.pdf。我希望 Perl 获取不匹配的文件并将其设为 *_4.pdf。跟我来？

另一个问题是文件有时位于不同的文件夹中，这些文件夹与文件名中的第一个数字不匹配。这部分我似乎已经弄清楚了，只是我还没有弄清楚。

另外，我在 Windows 中工作，因此无法使用任何 Linux 命令。

这是我上次留下的脚本：

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

# Root folder for Order Documents
my $orders_root = "C:\\Users\\Ian\\Desktop\\Order_docs";

# Keep track of how many files are processed
my $files_counter = 0;

# Keep track of how many junk files are processed
my $junk_counter = 0;

# Store a list of folders that match the 3 number naming scheme
my @matched_folders;

# Create a place to move junk files into
if (! -e "$orders_root\\Junk") {

    system "mkdir $orders_root\\Junk";

}

# Clear the screen
system "cls";

print "Processing files, please wait...\n\n";

# Open $order_dir_root
opendir(ORDERS_ROOT, "$orders_root") or die $!;

# Collect a list of all sub folders
my @folders = readdir(ORDERS_ROOT);

# Close $order_dir_root 
closedir(ORDERS_ROOT);

# Remove the directories "." and ".." from the output
splice @folders, 0, 2;

foreach my $folder (@folders) {

    # Filter out all directories that don't match the numbering system
    if ($folder =~ / \d{3} /xm) {

        # If the folder matches the expression above, add it to the list of matched folders
        push @matched_folders, $folder;
    
        # Open each folder inside of the Order Documents root
        opendir(CURRENT_FOLDER, "$orders_root\\$folder");

        # Foreach folder opened, collect a list of files in the folder for sorting
        my @files = readdir(CURRENT_FOLDER);

        # Close the current folder
        closedir(CURRENT_FOLDER);

        # Remove the directories "." and ".." from the output
        splice @files, 0, 2;

        foreach my $file (@files) {

            # Match each file to the standard naming scheme
            if ($file =~ /^ (C[AFL]|ME) \d{3} \d{3}([_|\-] \d+)? \. pdf /xmi) {

                ++$files_counter;
            
            # If that file does not match, move it to a junk folder
            } else {
            
                ++$junk_counter;

                rename ("$orders_root\\$folder\\$file", "$orders_root\\Junk\\$file");

            } # End pdf match           

        } # End foreach $file
        
    } # End folder match

} # End foreach $folder



foreach my $folder (@matched_folders) {
    
    # Open $folder
    opendir(CURRENT_FOLDER, "$orders_root\\$folder");

    # Collect a list of all sub folders
    my @files = readdir(CURRENT_FOLDER);

    # Close $folder
    closedir(CURRENT_FOLDER);

    splice @files, 0, 2;
    
    foreach my $file (@files) {
        
        if ($file =~ /^ (?<office> (C[AFL]|ME)) (?<folder_num> \d{3}) (?<file_num> \d{3}([_|\-] \d+)?) \. (?<file_ext> pdf) /xmi) {
        
            my $office = uc($+{office});
            my $folder_num = $+{folder_num};
            my $file_num = $+{file_num};
            my $file_ext = lc($+{file_ext});
            
            # Change hyphens to a underscore
            $file_num =~ s/\-/_/;
            
            my $file_name = "$office" . "$folder_num" . "$file_num" . "\." . "$file_ext";
            my $fly_by_name = "$office" . "$folder_num" . "$file_num" . "_FB" . "\." . "$file_ext";
            
            # Check if the current file belongs in the current folder
            if ($folder != $folder_num) {

                # If the folder does not exist create the folder
                if (! -e "$orders_root\\$folder_num") {
                
                    system "mkdir $orders_root\\$folder_num";
                    
                }
                
                # Check to see if the file already exists
                if (! -e "$orders_root\\$folder_num\\$file_name") {
                
                    # Moves the file to correct place, these are mismatched files
                    rename ("$orders_root\\$folder\\$file", "$orders_root\\$folder_num\\$file_name");
                
                } else {
                
                    # Appends the file with a "_#" where # is equal to the 1+ the last file number, these files are fly bys
                    rename ("$orders_root\\$folder\\$file", "$orders_root\\$folder_num\\$fly_by_name");
                
                }
            
            # Files are in the correct place, the file name will be corrected only
            } else {
            
                rename ("$orders_root\\$folder\\$file", "$orders_root\\$folder_num\\$file_name");
            
            }
        
        } # End $file match
        
    } # End foreach $file

} # End foreach $folder



# Show statistics after processing
print "Done!\n\n";
print "$#folders folders processed\n";
print "$files_counter files processed\n";
print "$junk_counter junk files removed\n"

Answer 1

您的脚本相当大，需要费力才能完成，但我建议采用不同的方法。

首先，也是最明显的，是这样的：

my $base = "CF145323";
my $num = 1;
$num++ while -f "${base}_$num.pdf";

my $filename = "${base}_$num.pdf";
print "$filename\n";

换句话说，查看文件是否已经存在。您必须修改它来测试保存文件的各个目录，如果编号序列中有间隙，则这将不起作用。

保留每个文件及其最新一代的记录可能会更容易。通常，这将位于哈希中，例如使用“CF145323”作为键，并使用最新版本号作为其值。可以使用 Storable 模块保存和恢复哈希值（非常容易使用，并且在 Perl 基础中）。