调用非托管 C++ C# 中的库 (dll) 创建访问冲突错误 (0xc0000005)

Question

抱歉问了这么长的问题。我只是想包括我目前所知道的有关该问题的所有信息。

我正在使用 Visual Studio 2008 用 C# 创建一个 Windows 窗体程序，该程序调用用 C++ 编写的库。
C++ DLL 分析由多个样本组成的测量数据。样本通过函数 (PDSetWaveSample) 传递到库，该函数采用结构体作为参数。
设置所有样本后，将使用另一个函数 (PDPreProcess) 处理测量数据，该函数也采用结构体作为参数。
C++ DLL 将所有测量数据保存在其内部数据结构中，并进行所有处理以获得结果。

在程序开始处理测量数据之前，一切似乎都正常运行。此时程序崩溃并退出并出现以下错误：

程序“XXX.vshost.exe：托管”已退出，代码为-1073741819 (0xc0000005)。

我稍后将在这个问题中添加更多调试信息和 C# 源代码。

您有任何关于如何继续操作或可能导致此问题的提示吗？

我运行的是 Windows XP Professional，版本 2002 SP 3。

当程序崩溃时，它首先会给出此错误消息

未知模块中发生“System.ExecutionEngineException”类型的未处理异常。

以及中断或继续的可能性。我选择打破。

之后我看一下程序集：

没有为任何调用堆栈帧加载任何符号。无法显示源代码。

根据调试器的说法，发生错误时的程序集如下所示：

7C90E4FA  call        7C90E528 
7C90E4FF  mov         eax,dword ptr [esp] 
7C90E502  mov         esp,ebp 
7C90E504  pop         ebp  
7C90E505  ret              
7C90E506  lea         esp,[esp] 
7C90E50D  lea         ecx,[ecx] 
7C90E510  mov         edx,esp 
7C90E512  sysenter         
==>7C90E514  ret              
7C90E515  lea         esp,[esp] 
7C90E51C  lea         esp,[esp] 
7C90E520  lea         edx,[esp+8] 
7C90E524  int         2Eh  
7C90E526  ret              
7C90E527  nop              
7C90E528  push        ebp  
7C90E529  mov         ebp,esp 
7C90E52B  pushfd           

执行停止于 7C90E514 ret （我用 ==> 标记）

输出窗口显示以下消息：

'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\CalculationForm\CalculationForm\bin\Debug\CalculationForm.exe', No native symbols in symbol file.  
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\ntdll.dll'  
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\kernel32.dll'  
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\sysfer.dll'  
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\mscoree.dll'  
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\advapi32.dll'  
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\rpcrt4.dll'  
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\secur32.dll'  
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\shlwapi.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\gdi32.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\user32.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\msvcrt.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\imm32.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\mscorwks.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\WinSxS\x86_Microsoft.VC80.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_8.0.50727.4053_x-ww_e6967989\msvcr80.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\shell32.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\WinSxS\x86_Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls_6595b64144ccf1df_6.0.2600.6028_x-ww_61e65202\comctl32.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\comctl32.dll'
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Culture.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Unloaded 'C:\WINNT\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Culture.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\NativeImages_v2.0.50727_32\mscorlib\17179b71d7680399c00ce88ddc310209\mscorlib.ni.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\GAC_32\mscorlib\2.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089\mscorlib.dll', Skipped loading symbols. Module is optimized and the debugger option 'Just My Code' is enabled. 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\ole32.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\MSCTF.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\Tyohakemisto\WaveRoller\CalculationForm\CalculationForm\bin\Debug\CalculationForm.exe', Symbols loaded. 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\mscorjit.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\NativeImages_v2.0.50727_32\System\2f867d97fb1a34e4d6985780631574bb\System.ni.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\NativeImages_v2.0.50727_32\System.Drawing\f78f03ba3b1b21e3b26369402c117d33\System.Drawing.ni.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\NativeImages_v2.0.50727_32\System.Windows.Forms\06b728c1e4ea291d4febee5ca33db4b4\System.Windows.Forms.ni.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Windows.Forms\2.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089\System.Windows.Forms.dll', Skipped loading symbols. Module is optimized and the debugger option 'Just My Code' is enabled. 
'CalculationForm.exe' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System\2.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089\System.dll', Skipped loading symbols. Module is optimized and the debugger option 'Just My Code' is enabled. 
'CalculationForm.exe' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Drawing\2.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a\System.Drawing.dll', Skipped loading symbols. Module is optimized and the debugger option 'Just My Code' is enabled. 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\NativeImages_v2.0.50727_32\System.Configuration\b2f3e4c45a980474c2dd08166038d645\System.Configuration.ni.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Configuration\2.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a\System.Configuration.dll', Skipped loading symbols. Module is optimized and the debugger option 'Just My Code' is enabled. 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\NativeImages_v2.0.50727_32\System.Xml\8ee82dfeff03ca87492149cdcbfc3f21\System.Xml.ni.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Xml\2.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089\System.Xml.dll', Skipped loading symbols. Module is optimized and the debugger option 'Just My Code' is enabled. 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'ImageAtBase0x10000000'
'CalculationForm.exe': Unloaded 'ImageAtBase0x10000000' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\GAC_MSIL\Microsoft.VisualStudio.Debugger.Runtime\9.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a\Microsoft.VisualStudio.Debugger.Runtime.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\GAC_MSIL\Microsoft.VisualStudio.Debugger.Runtime\9.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a\Microsoft.VisualStudio.Debugger.Runtime.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\x86\Microsoft.VisualStudio.Debugger.Runtime.Impl.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\WinSxS\x86_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.4148_x-ww_d495ac4e\msvcr90.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\uxtheme.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\xpsp2res.dll', Binary was not built with debug information. 
'CalculationForm.exe' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\CalculationForm\CalculationForm\bin\Debug\AxInterop.PDCOMMXLib.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\WinSxS\x86_Microsoft.Windows.GdiPlus_6595b64144ccf1df_1.0.6002.22509_x-ww_c7dad023\GdiPlus.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\version.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Unloaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\version.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\MSCTFIME.IME' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\oleaut32.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\diasymreader.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\clbcatq.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\comres.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\version.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\msi.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\Nortek\PdCommX\PdCommX.dll', Binary was not built with debug information. 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\mfc100.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\msvcr100.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\msimg32.dll'
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\msvcp100.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\system32\sxs.dll' 
'CalculationForm.exe' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\ CalculationForm\CalculationForm\bin\Debug\Interop.PDCOMMXLib.dll'
'CalculationForm.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\NativeImages_v2.0.50727_32\Accessibility\775f9f0da40c277eb7d460084858a2ac\Accessibility.ni.dll'
'CalculationForm.exe' (Managed): Loaded 'C:\WINNT\assembly\GAC_MSIL\Accessibility\2.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a\Accessibility.dll', Skipped loading symbols. Module is optimized and the debugger option 'Just My Code' is enabled.
The thread 'Win32 Thread' (0x1f08) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 'Win32 Thread' (0x1cc4) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 'Win32 Thread' (0x1598) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 'Win32 Thread' (0xaa8) has exited with code 0 (0x0). 
The thread 'Win32 Thread' (0x1db8) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 'Win32 Thread' (0x1e74) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The thread 'Win32 Thread' (0x1958) has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The program '[4656] CalculationForm.exe: Managed' has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The program '[4656] CalculationForm.exe: Native' has exited with code 0 (0x0).

当程序结束，调用堆栈为：

ntdll.dll!7c90e514()    
[Frames below may be incorrect and/or missing, no symbols loaded for ntdll.dll] 
ntdll.dll!7c90df5a()    
kernel32.dll!7c8025db()     
mscorwks.dll!79e8c639()     
mscorwks.dll!79e8c56f()     
mscorwks.dll!79f7466d()     
mscorwks.dll!7a105cf1()     
mscorwks.dll!7a105e37()     
mscorwks.dll!7a1061db()     
mscorwks.dll!7a09c314()     
mscorwks.dll!79f504da()     
mscorwks.dll!79ef4755()     
ntdll.dll!7c9032a8()    
ntdll.dll!7c90327a()    
ntdll.dll!7c92a8c3()    
ntdll.dll!7c90e48a()    
ntdll.dll!7c94b721()    
ntdll.dll!7c919f68()    
ntdll.dll!7c919f68()    
ntdll.dll!7c919f68()    
ntdll.dll!7c919f68()    
ntdll.dll!7c910385()    
ntdll.dll!7c917c51()    
ntdll.dll!7c917e8f()    
mscorwks.dll!79e71b4c()     
mscorwks.dll!79e821f9()     
mscorwks.dll!79e96571()     
mscorwks.dll!79e965a4()     
mscorwks.dll!79e965c2()     
mscorwks.dll!79ecca87()     
mscorwks.dll!79ef531b()     
mscorwks.dll!79ef6dd8()     
mscorwks.dll!79ef6e76()     
mscorwks.dll!79ef4755()     
ntdll.dll!7c9032a8()    
ntdll.dll!7c90327a()    
ntdll.dll!7c92a8c3()    
ntdll.dll!7c90e48a()    
ntdll.dll!7c917ca7()    
ntdll.dll!7c917e8f()    
mscorwks.dll!7a0ecb29()     
mscorwks.dll!79f6879a()     
mscorwks.dll!79f68780()     
mscorwks.dll!79f73f3d()     
mscorwks.dll!79ecd659()     
mscorwks.dll!79e71b4c()     
mscorwks.dll!79e821f9()     
mscorwks.dll!79e96571()     
mscorwks.dll!79e965a4()     
mscorwks.dll!79e965c2()     
mscorwks.dll!79f87ad3()     
mscorwks.dll!79f87c32()     
mscorlib.ni.dll!792d5428()  
mscorlib.ni.dll!792d51d6()  
mscorlib.ni.dll!792d50be()  
mscorwks.dll!79e71b4c()     
mscorwks.dll!79e821f9()     
mscorwks.dll!79e96571()     
mscorwks.dll!79e965a4()     
mscorwks.dll!79f29e09()     
mscorwks.dll!79f2a1e0()     
mscorwks.dll!79f2a130()     
mscorwks.dll!79f29837()     
mscorwks.dll!79f298bc()     
mscorwks.dll!79f29967()     
System.ni.dll!7a574b73()    
System.Windows.Forms.ni.dll!7b1c87be()  
mscorwks.dll!79e71b4c()     
mscorwks.dll!79e821f9()     
System.Windows.Forms.ni.dll!7b1c86a0()  
System.Windows.Forms.ni.dll!7b1c8621()  
System.Windows.Forms.ni.dll!7b6fa167()  
mscorwks.dll!79e71b4c()     
mscorwks.dll!79e821f9()     
mscorwks.dll!79fc1fe2()     
mscorwks.dll!79fc219a()     
mscorwks.dll!79fc22be()     
mscorwks.dll!79f077ad()     
mscorwks.dll!79e8c4ec()     
mscorwks.dll!79e8840b()     
mscorwks.dll!79f13cb5()     
mscorwks.dll!79f1129c()     
mscorwks.dll!79f07e17()     
mscoree.dll!7900b77b()  
mscoree.dll!7900b73d()  
mscoree.dll!79004de3()  
kernel32.dll!7c817077()     

我已经为 C++ DLL 创建了一个包装类。包装类基于库的头文件：

#ifndef _PDWAVEAPI_H__  
#define _PDWAVEAPI_H__

#ifdef PDWAVE_EXPORTS
#define PDWAVE_API __declspec(dllexport)
#else
#define PDWAVE_API __declspec(dllimport)
#endif

typedef struct {
   bool  bValid;
   float fPressure;
   float fDistance;
   float fVel[4];
   unsigned short nAmp[4];
 } PDWaveSample;

typedef struct {
    float fST[4096];
    float fWinFloor;
    float fWinCeil;
    bool bUseWindow;
    bool bSTOk;
    bool bGetRawAST;
    bool bValidBurst;
 } PDWaveBurst;


PDWAVE_API int __stdcall PDSetWaveSample(PDWaveSample *pWaveSample);
PDWAVE_API int __stdcall PDPreProcess(int nSample, PDWaveBurst *pWaveBurst);

C# 包装类是：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices; // DllImport

namespace Cpp_LibraryApi
{
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct PDWaveSample
    {
        public bool bValid;                             
        public float fPressure;                         
        public float fDistance;                         
        public float[] fVel;
        public ushort[] nAmp

        // Constructor to initialize tables

        public static PDWaveSample Create()
        {
            PDWaveSample DataStruct = new PDWaveSample();
            DataStruct.fVel = new float[4];
            DataStruct.nAmp = new ushort[4];
            return DataStruct;
        }
    }
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public  struct PDWaveBurst {
        public float[] fST;
        public float fWinFloor;
        public float fWinCeil;
        public bool bUseWindow;
        public bool bSTOk;
        public bool bGetRawAST;
        public bool bValidBurst;

        public static PDWaveBurst Create()
        {
            PDWaveBurst DataStruct = new PDWaveBurst();
            DataStruct.fST = new float[Constants.PD_MAX_WAVEMEAS_AST];
            return DataStruct;
        }
    }

    public class Cpp_LibraryWrapper
    {
        [DllImport("cpp_library.dll")]
        public static extern int PDSetWaveSample(ref PDWaveSample pWaveSample);

        [DllImport("cpp_library.dll")]
        public static extern int PDPreProcess(int nSample, ref PDWaveBurst pWaveBurst);

    }
}

Windows 窗体应用程序按以下方式使用这些函数：

我稍微简化了该函数。实际上，测量值是使用第三方 ActiveX 组件从串行线路读取的。

using System;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Timers;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace CalculationForm
{
    public partial class frmCalculationForm : Form
    {
        int nBurstSamples = 0;

        public frmCalculationForm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void OnNewData_Event(object sender, Events_OnNewDataEvent e)
        {
            try
            {
                Cpp_LibraryApi.PDWaveSample WaveSampleData = Cpp_LibraryApi.PDWaveSample.Create();

                ReadWaveSample(ref WaveSampleData);
                SetWaveSample(WaveSampleData);

                if (++nBurstSamples > 512)
                {
                    // Process
                    ProcessBurstData(nBurstSamples);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Debug.WriteLine(ex.Message.ToString());
            }
        }

        public void ReadWaveSample(ref Cpp_LibraryApi.PDWaveSample WaveSampleData)
        {
            float[] dVel = new float[4] { (float)-3.26, (float)-2.808, (float)-3.651, (float)-3.43 };
            ushort[] usAmp = new ushort[4] { 41, 40, 0, 0 };
            WaveSampleData.bValid = true;
            WaveSampleData.fPressure = 12.432;
            WaveSampleData.fDistance = 2.64;
            WaveSampleData.fVel = dVel;
            WaveSampleData.nAmp = usAmp;
        }

        public void SetWaveSample(Cpp_LibraryApi.PDWaveSample WaveSampleData)
        {
            Cpp_LibraryWrapper.PDSetWaveSample(ref WaveSampleData);
        }

        public void ProcessBurstData(int nSamples)
        {
            try
            {
                Cpp_LibraryApi.PDWaveBurst WaveBurstData = Cpp_LibraryApi.PDWaveBurst.Create();

                WaveBurstData.fST = new float[4096];
                WaveBurstData.fWinFloor = (float)1.25;
                WaveBurstData.fWinCeil = 2;
                WaveBurstData.bUseWindow = false;
                WaveBurstData.bSTOk = false;
                WaveBurstData.bGetRawAST = false;
                WaveBurstData.bValidBurst = false;

                Cpp_LibraryWrapper.PDPreProcess(nSamples, ref WaveBurstData);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Debug.WriteLine(ex.Message.ToString());
            }
        }
    }
}

一切似乎都很顺利，直到程序进入测量处理阶段。 调用时

Cpp_LibraryWrapper.PDPreProcess(nSamples, ref WaveBurstData);

，执行会停止并出现以下错误：

程序“XXX.vshost.exe：托管”已退出，代码为 -1073741819 (0xc0000005)。

我设置了这些调试选项：

• 启用非托管代码调试
• 启用 Visual Studio 托管进程
• 公共语言运行时异常 “抛出”
• Win32 异常 ->访问冲突“抛出”

Answer 1

您的结构编组不正确，因为您没有完全正确地声明数组。您需要告诉编组器它们是固定长度数组。

编辑

在我原来的答案中，我错过了 bool 成员未正确编组的添加错误。默认编组适用于 4 字节 Windows BOOL，但您需要 1 字节 C++ bool。下面的代码现在可以正确处理该问题。抱歉造成混乱。

public struct PDWaveSample
{
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I1)]
    public bool bValid;                             
    public float fPressure;                         
    public float fDistance;                         
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray, SizeConst=4)]
    public float[] fVel;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray, SizeConst=4)]
    public ushort[] nAmp
}

public struct PDWaveBurst {
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray, SizeConst=4096)]
    public float[] fST;
    public float fWinFloor;
    public float fWinCeil;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I1)]
    public bool bUseWindow;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I1)]
    public bool bSTOk;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I1)]
    public bool bGetRawAST;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I1)]
    public bool bValidBurst;
}

Answer 2

实际上，我必须将数组编组为 ByValArray。否则，运行环境有一些需要抱怨的地方：

“CalculationForm.exe 中发生了类型为‘System.TypeLoadException’的第一次机会

异常附加信息：无法编组‘PdWaveApi.PDWaveSample’类型的字段‘fVel’：无效的托管/非托管类型组合（数组字段必须与 ByValArray 或 SafeArray 配对）。”

所以，我将结构更改为：

public struct PDWaveSample
{
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I1)]
    public bool bValid;                             
    public float fPressure;                         
    public float fDistance;                         
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=4)]
    public float[] fVel;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=4)]
    public ushort[] nAmp
}

public struct PDWaveBurst {
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst=4096)]
    public float[] fST;
    public float fWinFloor;
    public float fWinCeil;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I1)]
    public bool bUseWindow;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I1)]
    public bool bSTOk;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I1)]
    public bool bGetRawAST;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I1)]
    public bool bValidBurst;
}