在另一个线程中调用函数 C#
我不知道该怎么说,但我会尽力。
我有一个 Windows 窗体应用程序,它使用网络摄像头为用户拍照,效果很好,我正在使用此处找到的 directshownet 库 http://directshownet.sourceforge.net/ 并使用 DxSnap 示例来拍摄照片。
应用程序的下一部分使用 RFID 标签读取器,一旦扫描标签,它就会调用拍照方法。这就是问题所在,因为 RFID 监听方法是在 GUI 线程的单独线程中运行的,因为它是一个无限 while 循环。
用于拍照的类将图片框控件的实例作为其构造函数的参数,该构造函数是在主线程中创建的,我认为这就是问题所在。
应用程序的每个部分都可以单独工作,但是当我尝试调用该方法从侦听器线程中获取照片时,一切都会崩溃并且应用程序崩溃。
有谁知道我如何从侦听器线程调用在主线程(拍摄照片)中初始化的对象的方法?
我尝试过委托和调用,但无法弄清楚,因为我不想直接操作控件,而是让对象在主线程中执行此操作。
这是一些代码:
private Capture cam;
private int portIndex = -1;
private ArrayList AlreadyOpenPortList = new ArrayList();
private byte readerAddr = 0;
private Thread listenThread;
IntPtr m_ip = IntPtr.Zero;
public podiumForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
// scanner and camera startup
startCam();
openComs();
openRF();
startListening();
}
private void startListening()
{
listenThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.Listen));
listenThread.Start();
}
/// <summary>
/// Method of retrieving code tag details from reader
/// </summary>
private void Listen()
{
int fCmdRet = 0x30;
byte state = 1;
byte AFI = 00;
byte[] DSFIDAndUID = new byte[9];
byte cardNumber = 0;
string strDSFIDAndUID = "";
byte outputSet;
if (!GetCurrentUsePort())
{
MessageBox.Show("Open ComPort, Please");
return;
}
while (true)
{
fCmdRet = StaticClassReaderA.Inventory(ref readerAddr, ref state, ref AFI, DSFIDAndUID, ref cardNumber, portIndex);
if (fCmdRet == 0)
{
outputSet = 0;
fCmdRet = StaticClassReaderA.SetGeneralOutput(ref readerAddr, ref outputSet, portIndex);
strDSFIDAndUID = ByteArrayToHexString(DSFIDAndUID).Replace(" ", "");
outputSet = 3;
fCmdRet = StaticClassReaderA.SetGeneralOutput(ref readerAddr, ref outputSet, portIndex);
SavePic(strDSFIDAndUID.Substring(2, 16));
//MessageBox.Show(strDSFIDAndUID.Substring(2, 16));
//ShutDown();
}
}
}
private void SavePic(string text)
{
Cursor.Current = Cursors.WaitCursor;
// Release any previous buffer
if (m_ip != IntPtr.Zero)
{
Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(m_ip);
m_ip = IntPtr.Zero;
}
// here's where it crashes
// capture image
m_ip = cam.Click();
Bitmap b = new Bitmap(cam.Width, cam.Height, cam.Stride, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb, m_ip);
cam.Dispose();
// If the image is upsidedown
b.RotateFlip(RotateFlipType.RotateNoneFlipY);
pbPic.Image = b;
Cursor.Current = Cursors.Default;
MessageBox.Show("Here " + text);
}
private void startCam()
{
const int VIDEODEVICE = 0; // zero based index of video capture device to use
const int VIDEOWIDTH = 640; // Depends on video device caps
const int VIDEOHEIGHT = 480; // Depends on video device caps
const int VIDEOBITSPERPIXEL = 24; // BitsPerPixel values determined by device
cam = new Capture(VIDEODEVICE, VIDEOWIDTH, VIDEOHEIGHT, VIDEOBITSPERPIXEL, pbPic);
}
// method in capture class
public IntPtr Click()
{
int hr;
// get ready to wait for new image
m_PictureReady.Reset();
m_ipBuffer = Marshal.AllocCoTaskMem(Math.Abs(m_stride) * m_videoHeight);
try
{
m_WantOne = true;
// If we are using a still pin, ask for a picture
if (m_VidControl != null)
{
// CRASHES HERE with : System.InvalidCastException was unhandled
// Tell the camera to send an image
hr = m_VidControl.SetMode(m_pinStill, VideoControlFlags.Trigger);
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr);
}
// Start waiting
if (!m_PictureReady.WaitOne(9000, false))
{
throw new Exception("Timeout waiting to get picture");
}
}
catch
{
Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(m_ipBuffer);
m_ipBuffer = IntPtr.Zero;
throw;
}
// Got one
return m_ipBuffer;
}
I don't know how to put this but I'll try my best.
I have a Windows form application which uses a webcam to take a photo of a user which works fine, I'm using the directshownet library found here http://directshownet.sourceforge.net/ and have used the DxSnap sample to take the photo.
The next part of the application uses an RFID tag reader that once a tag is scanned, it calls the take photo method. And this is where the problem is coming in, because the RFID listen method is run in a separate thread to the GUI thread, because it is an infinite while loop.
The class that is used to take the picture takes an instance of a picturebox control as a parameter for it's constructor, which is created in the main thread, and i think this is where the problem is.
Each part of the application works fine separately but when i try to call the method to take the photo from the listener thread all hell breaks loose and the app crashes.
Does anybody know how I could call a method of the object that is initialized in the main thread (that takes the photo) from the listener thread?
I've tried delegate and invoke, but can't figure it out as i don't want to manipulate the control directly, but rather let the object do it in the main thread.
Here's some code:
private Capture cam;
private int portIndex = -1;
private ArrayList AlreadyOpenPortList = new ArrayList();
private byte readerAddr = 0;
private Thread listenThread;
IntPtr m_ip = IntPtr.Zero;
public podiumForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
// scanner and camera startup
startCam();
openComs();
openRF();
startListening();
}
private void startListening()
{
listenThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(this.Listen));
listenThread.Start();
}
/// <summary>
/// Method of retrieving code tag details from reader
/// </summary>
private void Listen()
{
int fCmdRet = 0x30;
byte state = 1;
byte AFI = 00;
byte[] DSFIDAndUID = new byte[9];
byte cardNumber = 0;
string strDSFIDAndUID = "";
byte outputSet;
if (!GetCurrentUsePort())
{
MessageBox.Show("Open ComPort, Please");
return;
}
while (true)
{
fCmdRet = StaticClassReaderA.Inventory(ref readerAddr, ref state, ref AFI, DSFIDAndUID, ref cardNumber, portIndex);
if (fCmdRet == 0)
{
outputSet = 0;
fCmdRet = StaticClassReaderA.SetGeneralOutput(ref readerAddr, ref outputSet, portIndex);
strDSFIDAndUID = ByteArrayToHexString(DSFIDAndUID).Replace(" ", "");
outputSet = 3;
fCmdRet = StaticClassReaderA.SetGeneralOutput(ref readerAddr, ref outputSet, portIndex);
SavePic(strDSFIDAndUID.Substring(2, 16));
//MessageBox.Show(strDSFIDAndUID.Substring(2, 16));
//ShutDown();
}
}
}
private void SavePic(string text)
{
Cursor.Current = Cursors.WaitCursor;
// Release any previous buffer
if (m_ip != IntPtr.Zero)
{
Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(m_ip);
m_ip = IntPtr.Zero;
}
// here's where it crashes
// capture image
m_ip = cam.Click();
Bitmap b = new Bitmap(cam.Width, cam.Height, cam.Stride, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb, m_ip);
cam.Dispose();
// If the image is upsidedown
b.RotateFlip(RotateFlipType.RotateNoneFlipY);
pbPic.Image = b;
Cursor.Current = Cursors.Default;
MessageBox.Show("Here " + text);
}
private void startCam()
{
const int VIDEODEVICE = 0; // zero based index of video capture device to use
const int VIDEOWIDTH = 640; // Depends on video device caps
const int VIDEOHEIGHT = 480; // Depends on video device caps
const int VIDEOBITSPERPIXEL = 24; // BitsPerPixel values determined by device
cam = new Capture(VIDEODEVICE, VIDEOWIDTH, VIDEOHEIGHT, VIDEOBITSPERPIXEL, pbPic);
}
// method in capture class
public IntPtr Click()
{
int hr;
// get ready to wait for new image
m_PictureReady.Reset();
m_ipBuffer = Marshal.AllocCoTaskMem(Math.Abs(m_stride) * m_videoHeight);
try
{
m_WantOne = true;
// If we are using a still pin, ask for a picture
if (m_VidControl != null)
{
// CRASHES HERE with : System.InvalidCastException was unhandled
// Tell the camera to send an image
hr = m_VidControl.SetMode(m_pinStill, VideoControlFlags.Trigger);
DsError.ThrowExceptionForHR(hr);
}
// Start waiting
if (!m_PictureReady.WaitOne(9000, false))
{
throw new Exception("Timeout waiting to get picture");
}
}
catch
{
Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(m_ipBuffer);
m_ipBuffer = IntPtr.Zero;
throw;
}
// Got one
return m_ipBuffer;
}
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看一下
SynchronizationContext
类;它允许您以一种不知道该机制实际如何工作的方式将工作分派回主(UI)线程(因此可以与 WinForms 和 WPF 一起使用)。因此,您不需要引用 Control 来调用 Invoke。这就是
BackgroundWorker
在幕后使用(您也可以使用BackgroundWorker
,具体取决于您想要执行的操作,这更容易使用)。Take a look at the
SynchronizationContext
class; it allows you to dispatch work back on the main (UI) thread in a manner that is agnostic of how that mechanism actually works (and therefore works with WinForms and WPF). Therefore you don't need to have a reference to a Control to call Invoke on.It is what
BackgroundWorker
uses behind the scenes (you may also be able to useBackgroundWorker
, depending on what you're trying to do, which is slightly easier to work with).