在 Entity Framework 4.1 Code First 中创建双向一对一关系

发布于 2024-11-14 23:05:09 字数 711 浏览 6 评论 0原文

我想使用 EF Code First 在两个实体之间创建双向一对一关系。我在使用以下代码时遇到问题。你认为我应该做什么?

public class User
{
    public string ID { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
    public string Password { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }

    public int ProfileID { get; set; }
    public Profile Profile { get; set; }

}
public class Profile
{
    public int UserID { get; set; }
    public User User { get; set; }
    public int ProfileID { get; set; }
    public string ProfileName { get; set; }

    public DateTime CreateDate { get; set; }
    public DateTime LastUpdateDate { get; set; }

}

我想在两个实体中都拥有导航属性和外键。

这给了我错误。我可以在 Fluent Mapping API 中做什么来完成这项工作?

I want to created Bi-Directional One-One relationship between two entities using EF Code First. I have trouble with the following code. What do you think I should do?

public class User
{
    public string ID { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
    public string Password { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }

    public int ProfileID { get; set; }
    public Profile Profile { get; set; }

}
public class Profile
{
    public int UserID { get; set; }
    public User User { get; set; }
    public int ProfileID { get; set; }
    public string ProfileName { get; set; }

    public DateTime CreateDate { get; set; }
    public DateTime LastUpdateDate { get; set; }

}

I want to have both Navigation property and Foreign Key in both the entities.

This gives me error. What can do I in Fluent Mapping API to make this work?

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蘑菇王子 2024-11-21 23:05:09

使用这个:

public class User
{
    public string ID { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
    public string Password { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public Profile Profile { get; set; }
}

public class Profile
{
    [Key, ForeignKey("User")]
    public int ProfileID { get; set; }
    public string ProfileName { get; set; }
    public DateTime CreateDate { get; set; }
    public DateTime LastUpdateDate { get; set; }
    public User User { get; set; }
}

这是在 EF 中建立一对一关系的唯一有效方法 - 依赖实体的 PK 也必须是主体实体的 FK。 EF 中不存在双向一对一关系,因为它无法在 EF 中工作。

人们有时克服这个问题的方法是两个一对多关系,其中主体没有依赖实体的导航集合+数据库中手动定义的唯一键。这需要手动映射:

public class User
{
    public string ID { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
    public string Password { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    // one side MUST be nullable otherwise you have bidirectional constraint where each
    // entity demands other side to be inserted first = not possible
    public int? ProfileId { get; set; } 
    public Profile Profile { get; set; }
}

public class Profile
{
    public int ProfileID { get; set; }
    public string ProfileName { get; set; }
    public DateTime CreateDate { get; set; }
    public DateTime LastUpdateDate { get; set; }
    public int UserId { get; set; }
    public User User { get; set; }
}

并且在映射中您将定义:

modelBuilder.Entity<User>
            .HasOptional(u => u.Profile)
            .WithMany()
            .HasForeignKey(u => u.ProfileId);
modelBuilder.Entity<Profile>
            .HasRequired(u => u.User)
            .WithMany()
            .HasForeignKey(u => u.UserId);

现在您必须在数据库中定义唯一键 - 如果您使用代码首先使用 自定义数据库初始化r。请注意,双向一对一仍然是错误的概念,因为双方都需要唯一的 FK,其中 NULL 仍然包含在唯一值中,因此一旦在 Profile 之前插入 User ,就必须不能是没有个人资料的任何其他用户。这可能会导致可序列化事务。

Use this:

public class User
{
    public string ID { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
    public string Password { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public Profile Profile { get; set; }
}

public class Profile
{
    [Key, ForeignKey("User")]
    public int ProfileID { get; set; }
    public string ProfileName { get; set; }
    public DateTime CreateDate { get; set; }
    public DateTime LastUpdateDate { get; set; }
    public User User { get; set; }
}

That is the only valid way to build one-to-one relation in EF - PK of the dependent entity must be also FK to principal entity. There is nothing like bidirectional one-to-one relation in EF because it cannot work in EF.

The way how people sometimes overcome this are two one-to-many relations where principal doesn't have navigation collection for dependent entities + manually defined unique keys in the database. That require manual mapping:

public class User
{
    public string ID { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
    public string Password { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    // one side MUST be nullable otherwise you have bidirectional constraint where each
    // entity demands other side to be inserted first = not possible
    public int? ProfileId { get; set; } 
    public Profile Profile { get; set; }
}

public class Profile
{
    public int ProfileID { get; set; }
    public string ProfileName { get; set; }
    public DateTime CreateDate { get; set; }
    public DateTime LastUpdateDate { get; set; }
    public int UserId { get; set; }
    public User User { get; set; }
}

And in mapping you will define:

modelBuilder.Entity<User>
            .HasOptional(u => u.Profile)
            .WithMany()
            .HasForeignKey(u => u.ProfileId);
modelBuilder.Entity<Profile>
            .HasRequired(u => u.User)
            .WithMany()
            .HasForeignKey(u => u.UserId);

Now you must define Unique keys in the database - if you are using code first use custom database initializer. Be aware that still bidirectional one-to-one is wrong concept because both sides demand unique FK where NULL is still included in unique values so once you insert User before Profile there mustn't be any other User without Profile. That probably leads to serializable transaction.

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