当前位置： 文江博客话题详情

如何使用node.js按顺序列出目录的内容？

发布于 2024-11-13 19:10:52 字数 6094 浏览 2 评论 0原文

我是一位经验丰富的程序员，最近才发现 Node.js。我喜欢 JavaScript，因为那是我开始（Web 开发）的地方，所以能够用它编写服务器端代码真是太棒了。

目前，我正在做一个简单的练习，一个 WebSocket/HTTP 服务器，当我遇到一个轻微的烦恼时，我开始添加目录列表功能：当我列出某个目录中的目录和文件时，它们不在任何目录中命令。我希望它们首先按目录列出，然后按文件顺序列出（如“ls”命令）。我有一种感觉，因为它是异步的，但我并不完全肯定。任何帮助将不胜感激。

顺便说一句，这是我的代码：

var sys = require("sys");
var ws = require('websocket-server');
var fs = require("fs");
var path = require("path");
var url = require("url");

function log(data){
  sys.log("\033[0;32m"+data+"\033[0m");
}

var server = ws.createServer();
server.listen(3400);
log("Listening on 3400 for HTTP and WS");

server.addListener("request", function(request, response){
  log("HTTP: Connected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
  var uri = url.parse(request.url).pathname;
  var filename = path.join("/home/brandon", uri);
  log("HTTP: " + request.connection.remoteAddress + " Requested: " + filename);
  path.exists(filename, function(exists) {
        if(!exists) {
            response.writeHead(404, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
            response.write("404 Not Found\n");
            log("HTTP: " + filename + " Does Not Exist. 404 returned to " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
            response.end();
            log("HTTP: Disconnected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
            return;
        }

        fs.readFile(filename, "binary", function(err, file) {
            if(err) {
                if(err.errno === 21){
                    fs.readdir(filename, function(err1, files){
                        if(err1){ 
                            response.writeHead(500, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
                            response.write("Error when reading directory: " + err1 + "\n");
                            log("HTTP: " + filename + " Could Not Be Read. 500 returned to " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
                            response.end();
                            log("HTTP: Disconnected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
                            return;
                        } else {
                            response.writeHead(200);
                            response.write("<HTML><HEAD><title>Directory Listing for " + uri + "</title></HEAD><BODY><h1>Directory Listing for " + uri + "</h1>");
                            response.write("<ul>");
                            function printBr(element, index, array) {
                                response.write("<li>" + element + "</li>");
                            }
                            /*for( i in files ){
                                response.write("<li>" + files[i] + "</li>");
                            }*/
                            files.forEach(printBr);
                            response.write("</ul>");
                            response.write("</BODY></HTML>");
                            log("HTTP: Directory listing for " + filename + " sent to " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
                            response.end();
                            log("HTTP: Disconnected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
                            return;
                        }
                    });
                    return;
                }
                response.writeHead(500, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
                response.write("Error when reading file: " + err + "\n");
                log("HTTP: " + filename + " Could Not Be Read. 500 returned to " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
                response.end();
                log("HTTP: Disconnected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
                return;
            }

            response.writeHead(200);
            response.write(file, "binary");
            log("HTTP: " + filename + " Read and Sent to " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
            response.end();
            log("HTTP: Disconnected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
        });
    });
});

server.addListener("connection", function(conn){
  log(conn.id + ": new connection");
  server.broadcast("New Connection: "+conn.id);
  conn.addListener("readyStateChange", function(readyState){
    log("stateChanged: "+readyState);
  });

  conn.addListener("close", function(){
    var c = this;
    log(c.id + ": Connection Closed");
    server.broadcast("Connection Closed: "+c.id);
  });

  conn.addListener("message", function(message){
    log(conn.id + ": "+JSON.stringify(message));

    server.broadcast(conn.id + ": "+message);
  });
});

这是浏览器中的输出： 浏览器中的输出

**已解决：**

感谢@Samir，我找到了如何做我想做的事情。我迭代目录内容的数组，检查某个项目是否是目录或文件，将它们分成两个数组（“dirs_in”表示目录，“files_in”表示文件），按字母顺序对两个数组进行排序，最后将它们写出来。

代码（第 42-70 行）：

response.writeHead(200);
response.write("<HTML><HEAD><title>Directory Listing for " + uri + "</title></HEAD><BODY><h1>Directory Listing for " + uri + "</h1>");
response.write("<ul>");
function printBr(element, index, array) {
    response.write("<li>" + element);
    if( fs.statSync( path.join(filename + element) ).isDirectory() ){
        response.write(" is a <b>dir</b>");
    } else {
        response.write(" is a <b>file</b>");
    }
    response.write("</li>");
}
var dirs_in = [];
var files_in = [];
function sep(element, index, array) {
    if( fs.statSync( path.join(filename + element) ).isDirectory() ){
        dirs_in.push(element);
    } else {
        files_in.push(element);
    }
}
files.forEach(sep);
dirs_in.sort().forEach(printBr);
files_in.sort().forEach(printBr);
response.write("</ul>");
response.write("</BODY></HTML>");
log("HTTP: Directory listing for " + filename + " sent to " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
response.end();
log("HTTP: Disconnected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);

浏览器输出： 问题已解决 PS我将删除“是一个目录”和“是一个文件”。他们只是为了测试。

原文

I'm a fairly experienced programmer and I've just recently discovered node.js. I love JavaScript because that's where I started (Web Development) so being able to write server-side code with its is amazing.

Currently, I'm working on a simple exercise, a WebSocket/HTTP server, and I began to add a directory list function when I ran into a slight annoyance: when I list directories and files in a certain directory they're not in any order. I would like them to be listed with directories first, files second than alphabetically (like the 'ls' command). I have a feeling its because its asynchronus but I'm not totally positive. Any help would be appreciated.

BTW, here's my code:

var sys = require("sys");
var ws = require('websocket-server');
var fs = require("fs");
var path = require("path");
var url = require("url");

function log(data){
  sys.log("\033[0;32m"+data+"\033[0m");
}

var server = ws.createServer();
server.listen(3400);
log("Listening on 3400 for HTTP and WS");

server.addListener("request", function(request, response){
  log("HTTP: Connected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
  var uri = url.parse(request.url).pathname;
  var filename = path.join("/home/brandon", uri);
  log("HTTP: " + request.connection.remoteAddress + " Requested: " + filename);
  path.exists(filename, function(exists) {
        if(!exists) {
            response.writeHead(404, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
            response.write("404 Not Found\n");
            log("HTTP: " + filename + " Does Not Exist. 404 returned to " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
            response.end();
            log("HTTP: Disconnected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
            return;
        }

        fs.readFile(filename, "binary", function(err, file) {
            if(err) {
                if(err.errno === 21){
                    fs.readdir(filename, function(err1, files){
                        if(err1){ 
                            response.writeHead(500, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
                            response.write("Error when reading directory: " + err1 + "\n");
                            log("HTTP: " + filename + " Could Not Be Read. 500 returned to " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
                            response.end();
                            log("HTTP: Disconnected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
                            return;
                        } else {
                            response.writeHead(200);
                            response.write("<HTML><HEAD><title>Directory Listing for " + uri + "</title></HEAD><BODY><h1>Directory Listing for " + uri + "</h1>");
                            response.write("<ul>");
                            function printBr(element, index, array) {
                                response.write("<li>" + element + "</li>");
                            }
                            /*for( i in files ){
                                response.write("<li>" + files[i] + "</li>");
                            }*/
                            files.forEach(printBr);
                            response.write("</ul>");
                            response.write("</BODY></HTML>");
                            log("HTTP: Directory listing for " + filename + " sent to " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
                            response.end();
                            log("HTTP: Disconnected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
                            return;
                        }
                    });
                    return;
                }
                response.writeHead(500, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});
                response.write("Error when reading file: " + err + "\n");
                log("HTTP: " + filename + " Could Not Be Read. 500 returned to " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
                response.end();
                log("HTTP: Disconnected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
                return;
            }

            response.writeHead(200);
            response.write(file, "binary");
            log("HTTP: " + filename + " Read and Sent to " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
            response.end();
            log("HTTP: Disconnected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
        });
    });
});

server.addListener("connection", function(conn){
  log(conn.id + ": new connection");
  server.broadcast("New Connection: "+conn.id);
  conn.addListener("readyStateChange", function(readyState){
    log("stateChanged: "+readyState);
  });

  conn.addListener("close", function(){
    var c = this;
    log(c.id + ": Connection Closed");
    server.broadcast("Connection Closed: "+c.id);
  });

  conn.addListener("message", function(message){
    log(conn.id + ": "+JSON.stringify(message));

    server.broadcast(conn.id + ": "+message);
  });
});

And here's the output in the browser:
Output in Browser

**SOLVED:**

Thanks to @Samir, I found out how to do exactly what I wanted to do. I iterated through the array of the directory contents, checked if an item was a directory or file, separated them into two arrays ('dirs_in' for dirs and 'files_in' for files), sorted the two arrays alphabetically, and finally wrote them out.

Code (Lines 42-70):

response.writeHead(200);
response.write("<HTML><HEAD><title>Directory Listing for " + uri + "</title></HEAD><BODY><h1>Directory Listing for " + uri + "</h1>");
response.write("<ul>");
function printBr(element, index, array) {
    response.write("<li>" + element);
    if( fs.statSync( path.join(filename + element) ).isDirectory() ){
        response.write(" is a <b>dir</b>");
    } else {
        response.write(" is a <b>file</b>");
    }
    response.write("</li>");
}
var dirs_in = [];
var files_in = [];
function sep(element, index, array) {
    if( fs.statSync( path.join(filename + element) ).isDirectory() ){
        dirs_in.push(element);
    } else {
        files_in.push(element);
    }
}
files.forEach(sep);
dirs_in.sort().forEach(printBr);
files_in.sort().forEach(printBr);
response.write("</ul>");
response.write("</BODY></HTML>");
log("HTTP: Directory listing for " + filename + " sent to " + request.connection.remoteAddress);
response.end();
log("HTTP: Disconnected: " + request.connection.remoteAddress);

Browser Output:
Problem Solved
P.S. I'll remove the 'is a dir' and 'is a file'. They were just for testing.

如果你对这篇内容有疑问，欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论，获取更多帮助，或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。

扫码二维码加入Web技术交流群

发布评论

需要 登录 才能够评论， 你可以免费 注册 一个本站的账号。

评论（1）

末骤雨初歇 2024-11-20 19:10:52

如果您希望它们按名称排序，您可以先对数组调用 sort() 。

files.sort().forEach(printBr);

例如，如果您想首先对目录进行排序，那么您需要获取更多信息。一个简单的实现是在排序比较函数中查询每个文件的统计信息：

files.sort(function(a, b) {
    var aIsDir = fs.statSync(dir + "/" + a).isDirectory(),
        bIsDir = fs.statSync(dir + "/" + b).isDirectory();
    
    if (aIsDir && !bIsDir) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (!aIsDir && bIsDir) {
        return 1;
    }

    return a.localeCompare(b);
}).forEach(printBr);

localeCompare 方法是 sort 方法默认使用的比较函数，因此我们委托给该方法，如果它们'双方都处于“平等”条件。您可以根据需要对此进行扩展。我还建议您将 isDirectory 的结果存储在地图或至少其他东西中。另外，statSync 适合演示目的，但不适用于生产代码。使用 stat 代替。这确实会导致代码稍微复杂一些，但异步行为的好处是值得的。

If you want them ordered by name, you can just call sort() on the array first.

files.sort().forEach(printBr);

If, for example, you'd like to sort directories first, then you need to get more information. A naive implementation would be to query the stats of each file in the sort comparison function:

files.sort(function(a, b) {
    var aIsDir = fs.statSync(dir + "/" + a).isDirectory(),
        bIsDir = fs.statSync(dir + "/" + b).isDirectory();
    
    if (aIsDir && !bIsDir) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (!aIsDir && bIsDir) {
        return 1;
    }

    return a.localeCompare(b);
}).forEach(printBr);

The localeCompare method is what the sort method uses by default as the comparison function, so we delegate to that if they're both on "equal" terms. You can expand upon this as necessary. I'd also recommend you store the result of isDirectory in a map or something at the very least. In addition, statSync is good for demonstration purposes, but not in production code. Use stat instead. This does lead to slightly more complex code, but the benefits of asynchronous behaviour are worth it.

回复 原文
~没有更多了~

关于作者

酒与心事

暂无简介

0 文章
0 评论
25 人气
发私信

相关话题

更多

热门标签

操作系统 程序设计 IT运维 Linux系统管理 JavaScript 服务器应用 solaris C/C++ PHP Shell BSD Vue.js aix Oracle Python HTML 系统管理 HTML5 CSS 前端
更多

推荐作者

daid

文章 0 评论 0

我心依旧

文章 0 评论 0

晒暮凉

文章 0 评论 0

微信用户

文章 0 评论 0

DS

文章 0 评论 0

〆凄凉。

文章 0 评论 0

更多

友情链接

文江博客
    我们使用 Cookies 和其他技术来定制您的体验包括您的登录状态等。通过阅读我们的 隐私政策 了解更多相关信息。 单击 接受 或继续使用网站，即表示您同意使用 Cookies 和您的相关数据。
    原文