没有要加载的文件 -- rspec/matchers - rspec-rails、shoulda、黄瓜、工厂女孩、Rails2.3.10

Question

我继承了一个旧的 Rails2.3 应用程序。它非常复杂并且没有（震惊，恐怖）任何测试。我习惯了 rspec 和 cucumber，所以我想我应该开始为最终（长期）升级到 Rails 3 定义规范和功能。如果我确切知道什么会失败，升级会更容易。

不管怎样，我发现很难在互联网上找到展示如何在 Rails 2.3 环境中设置 rspec、cucumber、factory girls 和 Shoulda 的资源。我的包如下：

source "http://rubygems.org"

# Production gems
gem "rails",    "2.3.10"
gem "nokogiri", "1.4.4"
gem "mysql",    "~> 2.8.1"

group :development do
  # bundler requires these gems in development
  gem 'rspec',          '1.3.2'
  gem 'rspec-core',     '2.5.2'
  gem 'rspec-rails',    '1.3.4'
end

group :test do
  # bundler requires these gems while running tests
  gem 'cucumber-rails', '0.4.1'
  gem 'factory_girl'
  gem 'shoulda',        '2.11.3'
  gem 'shoulda-matchers'
end

当我去运行时

bundle exec rspec spec, 

，我从应该得到以下堆栈跟踪：

/Users/sys/src/proj/rails/ruby/1.8/gems/shoulda-2.11.3/lib/shoulda/integrations/rspec2.rb:8: no such file to load -- rspec/matchers (MissingSourceFile)
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:in `require'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:in `require'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/rails/ruby/1.8/gems/shoulda-2.11.3/lib/shoulda.rb:4
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.14/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:68:in `require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.14/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:68:in `require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.14/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:66:in `each'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.14/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:66:in `require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.14/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:55:in `each'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.14/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:55:in `require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.14/lib/bundler.rb:120:in `require'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/config/boot.rb:119:in `load_gems'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/initializer.rb:164:in `process'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `send'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/config/../vendor/rails/railties/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/config/environment.rb:12
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/spec/spec_helper.rb:4:in `require'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/spec/spec_helper.rb:4
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/spec/models/announcement_spec.rb:1:in `require'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/spec/models/announcement_spec.rb:1
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/rails/ruby/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.5.2/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:386:in `load'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/rails/ruby/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.5.2/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:386:in `load_spec_files'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/rails/ruby/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.5.2/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:386:in `map'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/rails/ruby/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.5.2/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:386:in `load_spec_files'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/rails/ruby/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.5.2/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:18:in `run'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/rails/ruby/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.5.2/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:55:in `run_in_process'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/rails/ruby/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.5.2/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:46:in `run'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/rails/ruby/1.8/gems/rspec-core-2.5.2/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:10:in `autorun'
    from /Users/sys/src/proj/rails/ruby/1.8/bin/rspec:19

谷歌搜索该错误提供了可怕的很少的命中...我不确定我做错了什么？

删除 rspec-core 会给出：

bundle exec rspec spec/models/announcement_spec.rb /Users/sys/.rvm/gems/ree-1.8.7-2011.03@proj/gems/bundler-1.0.14/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:143:in `gem': rspec-core 不属于捆绑。将其添加到 Gemfile 中。 (Gem::LoadError)

opt/local/bin/rspec 的内容

cat /opt/local/bin/rspec 
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
#
# This file was generated by RubyGems.
#
# The application 'rspec-core' is installed as part of a gem, and
# this file is here to facilitate running it.
#

require 'rubygems'

version = ">= 0"

if ARGV.first =~ /^_(.*)_$/ and Gem::Version.correct? $1 then
  version = $1
  ARGV.shift
end

gem 'rspec-core', version
load Gem.bin_path('rspec-core', 'rspec', version)

我想知道这是否与我安装的其他 rspec 冲突（我安装了 Rails3 应用程序，也安装了 bundler/rvm）...不知道为什么 rspec 是不过，已经用完了 opt/local/bin 而不是捆绑包。

Answer 1

我遇到了同样的问题。在搜索了所有二进制 rspec 命令（多个位置）后，我后来才意识到 RSPEC 的 1.3.2 分支将其二进制标题命名为“spec”，而不是“rspec”。

因此，正确的命令始终是“bundle exec spec spec/models/...”，输入“rspec”意味着捆绑程序无法在我当前的 rvm/gemset 中找到它，并搜索了我的整个路径，最终得到了 /opt属于 rspec2.x 安装的 /local/bin 副本。

别名可能允许 rspec 1.3.2 也响应“rspec”命令，但对我来说情况并非如此。使用“spec”对于避免调用 rspec-core 和其他 2.x 模块是 100% 可靠的。

感谢您的提问和上述所有研究。查尔斯

Answer 2

看起来 rspec-core 可能是问题所在，它来自仅支持 Rails 3 的 rspec 版本。尝试卸载它并将其从 Gemfile 中删除。

为了进行比较，以下是 Gemfile 中适用于 Rails 2.3 的部分：

group :development, :local, :test do                                             
  gem "rspec",              "= 1.3.1"                                            
  gem "rspec-rails",        "= 1.3.3"                                            
  gem "factory_girl",       "= 1.3.3"                                            
  gem "webrat",             "= 0.7.3"                                            
  gem "shoulda",            "= 2.11.3"                                           
end        

Answer 3

bundle update rspec-rails 在 Rails 3.1 上为我解决了这个问题。