嵌套 `include()` 指令 - 如何包含多个目录中的文件（其中包含另一个文件）？
我有这三个文件可以使用：
document_root/include/config.phpdocument_root/include/database.phpdocument_root/index.php
文件内容的相关部分如下所示：
config.php
// ...
$MyVar = 100;
// ...
database.php
// ...
require('config.php');
// Aiming to use the definitions in "config.php" here
// ...
index.php问题
// ...
require('include/database.php');
// Using the code in "database.php" here
// ...
在于，config.php 不知何故未包含在内，但没有给出错误消息（在 E_ALL 模式下）。在运行 index.php 中的代码时，我无法从 database.php 文件访问 config.php 文件中的定义。
在我的 PHP.ini 文件中，include_path 设置为 C:\...\document_root\include 目录。
PHP 版本是 5.3.0。
我观察到，如果我将 database.php 中的 require() 指令更改为require('include/config.php'); 代码运行没有任何失败，一切都很好。但这个解决方案在实践中是不可能的，因为我计划从多个位置包含 config.php 文件。
造成这个问题的原因是什么？
我该如何修复它？
任何帮助将不胜感激。
I have these three files to work with:
document_root/include/config.phpdocument_root/include/database.phpdocument_root/index.php
And the relevant part of the file contents are like below:
config.php
// ...
$MyVar = 100;
// ...
database.php
// ...
require('config.php');
// Aiming to use the definitions in "config.php" here
// ...
index.php
// ...
require('include/database.php');
// Using the code in "database.php" here
// ...
The problem is that, config.php is somehow not included, and yet no error message is given (in E_ALL mode). I can't access to the definitions in the config.php file from database.php file while running the code in index.php.
In my PHP.ini file include_path is set to C:\...\document_root\include directory.
An PHP version is 5.3.0.
I have observed that, if I change the require() directive in database.php asrequire('include/config.php');
the code runs without any failure and everything is just fine. But this solution is not possible in practice, because I'm planing to include the config.php file from multiple locations.
What is the cause of this problem?
How can I fix it?
Any help will be appreciated.
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造成此问题的原因是，
include根据工作目录解析相对文件名，而不是基于执行include< 的文件所在的目录/代码>。工作目录是由网络服务器启动的 PHP 文件的目录（在你的例子中我猜是
index.php）。如果该文件包含其他文件，则工作目录不会更改。可以使用chdir手动更改它，但是您不应该仅仅为了include而这样做。一种可能的解决方案是使用
其中
[RELATIVE_PATH]是执行包含的文件到所包含的文件的相对路径。在 PHP 5.3 中，可以使用
__DIR__代替dirname(__FILE__)。The cause of this problem is, that
includeresolves relative filenames based on the working directory, not based on the directory where the file is located that does theinclude.The working directory is the directory of the PHP file that is launched by the webserver (in your case
index.phpI guess). If that file includes some other file, the working directory is not changed. It can be changed manually usingchdir, but you should not do that solely for the sake of aninclude.One possible solution is to use
where
[RELATIVE_PATH]is the relative path from the file that does the include to the file that is included.In PHP 5.3,
__DIR__can be used instead ofdirname(__FILE__).