对于基于文本的 PG 恢复需要调整哪些参数？

Question

每天晚上，我们使用以下方法转储和恢复 200 GB 数据库：

# Production, PG 9:
pg_dump DATNAME | some-irrelevant-pipe

# QA, PG 8.3:
some-irrelevant-pipe | psql -d DATNAME

我必须进行基于文本的备份，才能从 9 恢复到 8.3 的转储。

恢复过程非常痛苦且缓慢。我注意到我的日志充满了这些：

2011-05-22 08:02:47 CDT LOG:  checkpoints are occurring too frequently (9 seconds apart)
2011-05-22 08:02:47 CDT HINT:  Consider increasing the configuration parameter "checkpoint_segments".
2011-05-22 08:02:54 CDT LOG:  checkpoints are occurring too frequently (7 seconds apart)
2011-05-22 08:02:54 CDT HINT:  Consider increasing the configuration parameter "checkpoint_segments".

我的问题是： checkpoint_segments 的设置是否可能是瓶颈？我还可以调整哪些其他参数来加快该过程？

该机器有 4 GB RAM。 postgresql.conf 中其他可能相关的设置是：

shared_buffers = 1000MB
work_mem = 200MB
maintenance_work_mem = 200MB
effective_cache_size = 2000MB
# fsync and checkpoint settings are default

Answer 1

您读过此吗？特别参见14.4.9

Answer 2

为了恢复数据库，请更改：

# I don't think PostgreSQL 8.3 supports synchronous_commit
synchronous_commit = off
# only change fsync = off if your version of PG is too old to support synchronous_commit. If you do support synchronous_commit, don't ever change fsync to anything but on. Ever.
#fsync = off
checkpoint_segments = 25

关于 checkpoint_segments，将该值设置为磁盘控制器写入缓冲区的大小。 25 = 400MB

另外，请确保您的 psql 在单个事务中加载所有内容：

some-irrelevant-pipe | psql -1 -d DATNAME