从 PyQt4 导入 QtGui 时出现图像未找到错误

发布于 2024-11-10 10:36:37 字数 3210 浏览 2 评论 0原文

我已经在 Mac OS X 10.5 上安装了 ActivePython 2.7。主要原因是使用 pypm（包管理器）。然而，在安装 ActivePython 并设置 .bash_profile 文件以使用该版本的 Python 后，我在 pypm 安装的库中遇到了很多问题。要安装所有这些模块，我只需键入

pypm install <package-name>

，这就是我获得 matplotlib、PyQt4、PIL 等的方式。问题是所有这些模块似乎安装都没有问题，它们将正确的 .pth 和 .so 文件放入正确的站点包文件夹，并且基本导入工作正常。但我收到以下错误。

首先，这是我在计算机上检查 Python 时看到的内容：

new-host:site-packages ely$ which python
/usr/local/bin/python

new-host:site-packages ely$ ls -l /usr/local/bin/python
lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  60 May 25 22:15 /usr/local/bin/python -> /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python

接下来，我调用 Python 并尝试导入内容。

new-host:site-packages ely$ python
ActivePython 2.7.1.4 (ActiveState Software Inc.) based on
Python 2.7.1 (r271:86832, Feb  7 2011, 11:33:10) 
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5664)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import PyQt4
>>> from PyQt4 import QtGui
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: dlopen(PyQt4/QtGui.so, 2): Library not loaded: QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui
Referenced from: /Users/ely/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/PyQt4/QtGui.so
Reason: image not found

因此，上面显示 PyQt4 导入时没有任何抱怨，但是当我尝试使用任何子模块时，我收到“未找到图像”错误。另一个例子，这是标准的 matplotlib。

>>> import matplotlib
>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 23, in <module>
from matplotlib.figure import Figure, figaspect
File "matplotlib/figure.py", line 16, in <module>
import artist
File "matplotlib/artist.py", line 6, in <module>
from transforms import Bbox, IdentityTransform, TransformedBbox, TransformedPath
File "matplotlib/transforms.py", line 34, in <module>
from matplotlib._path import affine_transform
ImportError: dlopen(matplotlib/_path.so, 2): Symbol not found: __ZSt16__ostream_insertIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_PKS3_l
Referenced from: /Users/ely/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/matplotlib/_path.so
Expected in: dynamic lookup

>>> from matplotlib import pyplot
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 23, in <module>
from matplotlib.figure import Figure, figaspect
File "matplotlib/figure.py", line 16, in <module>
import artist
File "matplotlib/artist.py", line 6, in <module>
from transforms import Bbox, IdentityTransform, TransformedBbox, TransformedPath
File "matplotlib/transforms.py", line 34, in <module>
from matplotlib._path import affine_transform
ImportError: dlopen(matplotlib/_path.so, 2): Symbol not found: __ZSt16__ostream_insertIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_PKS3_l
Referenced from: /Users/ely/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/matplotlib/_path.so
Expected in: dynamic lookup

关于为什么 pypm 安装的版本有如此大的问题有什么想法吗？我在我的 Ubuntu 工作计算机上使用 ActivePython 和 pypm 已经很长时间了，从来没有遇到过任何这些问题。我用 pypm 安装的所有东西都运行得很好。为什么 Mac 上的情况如此不同？

原文

I have installed ActivePython 2.7 on Mac OS X 10.5. The main reason for this is to use pypm, the package manager. However, after installing ActivePython and setting up my .bash_profile file to use that version of Python, I encounter a lot of problems with the pypm-installed libraries. To install all of these modules, I just type

pypm install <package-name>

and this is how I got matplotlib, PyQt4, PIL, etc. The problem is that all of these appear to install with no problems, they place the correct .pth and .so files into the correct site-packages folder, and basic imports work fine. But I get the following errors.

First, here is what I see when checking for Python on my machine:

new-host:site-packages ely$ which python
/usr/local/bin/python

new-host:site-packages ely$ ls -l /usr/local/bin/python
lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  60 May 25 22:15 /usr/local/bin/python -> /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python

Next, I invoke Python and attempt to import things.

new-host:site-packages ely$ python
ActivePython 2.7.1.4 (ActiveState Software Inc.) based on
Python 2.7.1 (r271:86832, Feb  7 2011, 11:33:10) 
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5664)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import PyQt4
>>> from PyQt4 import QtGui
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: dlopen(PyQt4/QtGui.so, 2): Library not loaded: QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui
Referenced from: /Users/ely/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/PyQt4/QtGui.so
Reason: image not found

So the above shows that PyQt4 imports with no complaints, but then I get the 'image not found' error when I try to use any of the sub-modules. For another example, here is the standard matplotlib.

>>> import matplotlib
>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 23, in <module>
from matplotlib.figure import Figure, figaspect
File "matplotlib/figure.py", line 16, in <module>
import artist
File "matplotlib/artist.py", line 6, in <module>
from transforms import Bbox, IdentityTransform, TransformedBbox, TransformedPath
File "matplotlib/transforms.py", line 34, in <module>
from matplotlib._path import affine_transform
ImportError: dlopen(matplotlib/_path.so, 2): Symbol not found: __ZSt16__ostream_insertIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_PKS3_l
Referenced from: /Users/ely/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/matplotlib/_path.so
Expected in: dynamic lookup

>>> from matplotlib import pyplot
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 23, in <module>
from matplotlib.figure import Figure, figaspect
File "matplotlib/figure.py", line 16, in <module>
import artist
File "matplotlib/artist.py", line 6, in <module>
from transforms import Bbox, IdentityTransform, TransformedBbox, TransformedPath
File "matplotlib/transforms.py", line 34, in <module>
from matplotlib._path import affine_transform
ImportError: dlopen(matplotlib/_path.so, 2): Symbol not found: __ZSt16__ostream_insertIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_PKS3_l
Referenced from: /Users/ely/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/matplotlib/_path.so
Expected in: dynamic lookup

Any thoughts on why the pypm-installed versions are so problematic? I've used ActivePython and pypm on my Ubuntu work computer for a long time and never had any of these issues. Everything I've ever installed with pypm has worked beautifully. Why is it so different on Mac?

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