What you are seeing are simple General MIDI patches. However, how these instruments sound depend on the synthesizer generating the sound, and are not defined by MIDI. It is completely possible to pick entirely different instruments than the patches shown.
That being said, 41 is defined as violin, 42 is viola, 43 is cello, and 44 contrabass. But, don't expect them to always be used in this manner.
As far as 1st/2nd violins, this depends on how the person decided to make the MIDI file, and there is no programmatic way to find that. For instance, if the instrument patch is the same, I'd expect that all of the usage of that instrument would be on one channel. Unless the software they were using decided to split it up for some reason. (For example, if the source score had it split up.)
I believe a MIDI file has some room for track names and such, but you won't see them in every MIDI file, and they are free-form names, so they won't be labeled in any way that you can use programmatically.
MIDI is only for controlling of synthesizers, and isn't intended to represent a musical score like we humans understand.
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简而言之，不。
您所看到的是简单的通用 MIDI 补丁。然而，这些乐器的声音取决于生成声音的合成器，而不是由 MIDI 定义的。完全有可能选择与所示音色完全不同的乐器。
也就是说，41 被定义为小提琴，42 是中提琴，43 是大提琴，44 是低音提琴。但是，不要期望它们总是以这种方式使用。
就第一/第二小提琴而言，这取决于该人决定如何制作 MIDI 文件，并且没有编程方法可以找到它。例如，如果乐器补丁相同，我希望该乐器的所有使用都将在一个通道上进行。除非他们使用的软件出于某种原因决定将其拆分。 （例如，如果源乐谱将其分开。）
我相信 MIDI 文件有一些空间用于轨道名称等，但您不会在每个 MIDI 文件中看到它们，并且它们是自由格式的名称，因此它们不会以任何可以编程方式使用的方式进行标记。
MIDI 仅用于控制合成器，并不像我们人类理解的那样代表乐谱。
In short, no.
What you are seeing are simple General MIDI patches. However, how these instruments sound depend on the synthesizer generating the sound, and are not defined by MIDI. It is completely possible to pick entirely different instruments than the patches shown.
That being said, 41 is defined as violin, 42 is viola, 43 is cello, and 44 contrabass. But, don't expect them to always be used in this manner.
As far as 1st/2nd violins, this depends on how the person decided to make the MIDI file, and there is no programmatic way to find that. For instance, if the instrument patch is the same, I'd expect that all of the usage of that instrument would be on one channel. Unless the software they were using decided to split it up for some reason. (For example, if the source score had it split up.)
I believe a MIDI file has some room for track names and such, but you won't see them in every MIDI file, and they are free-form names, so they won't be labeled in any way that you can use programmatically.
MIDI is only for controlling of synthesizers, and isn't intended to represent a musical score like we humans understand.