C++ IO 文件流:使用运算符<<从一个文件写入另一个文件和 rdbuf()

发布于 2024-11-09 07:56:03 字数 579 浏览 4 评论 0 原文

我有一个关于使用运算符<< 在 C++ (fstream) 中将数据从一个文件复制到另一个文件的问题。这是一个适合我的代码片段:

    #include <fstream>
    #include <string>

    void writeTo(string &fname, ofstream &out){
        ifstream in;
        in.open(fname.c_str(),fstream::binary);
        if(in.good()){
            out<<in.rdbuf();
            in.close();
        }else{
            //error
        }
    }

我想确定写入后,已到达流 in 中输入文件的末尾。但是,如果我测试 in.eof(),它是 false,尽管检查输入和输出文件确认整个内容已被正确复制。关于如何检查 in.eof() 有什么想法吗?

I have a question about copying data from one file to another in C++ (fstream) using operator<<. Here is a code snippet that works for me:

    #include <fstream>
    #include <string>

    void writeTo(string &fname, ofstream &out){
        ifstream in;
        in.open(fname.c_str(),fstream::binary);
        if(in.good()){
            out<<in.rdbuf();
            in.close();
        }else{
            //error
        }
    }

I would like to be certain that after writing, the end of input file in stream in has been reached. However, if I test for in.eof(), it is false, despite the fact that checking the input and output files confirms that the entire contents has been properly copied over. Any ideas on how I would check for in.eof()?

如果你对这篇内容有疑问,欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论,获取更多帮助,或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。

扫码二维码加入Web技术交流群

发布评论

需要 登录 才能够评论, 你可以免费 注册 一个本站的账号。

评论(3

歌入人心 2024-11-16 07:56:03

当试图读取一个字符时,EOF 位被设置,但没有一个可用(即您已经消耗了字符串中的所有内容)。显然 std::ostream::operator<<() 不会尝试读取字符串末尾,因此该位永远不会被设置。

您应该能够通过尝试访问下一个字符来解决此问题:在检查 in.eof() 之前添加 in.peek()。我已经测试了这个修复并且它有效。

EOF-bit is set when trying to read a character, but none is available (i.e. you have already consumed everything in the string). Apparently std::ostream::operator<<() does not attempt to read past the end of the string, so the bit is never set.

You should be able to get around this by attempting to access the next character: add in.peek() before you check in.eof(). I have tested this fix and it works.

挽容 2024-11-16 07:56:03

尝试in.rdbuf()->sgetc() == EOF

参考:http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/iostream/streambuf/sgetc/

Try in.rdbuf()->sgetc() == EOF.

Reference: http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/iostream/streambuf/sgetc/

戏蝶舞 2024-11-16 07:56:03

输入文件中没有设置任何状态位的原因是
您正在阅读 streambuf,而不是 istream;实际的
读取发生在 ostream::operator<< 中,它没有
访问istream

不过,我不确定这是否重要。输入将被读取,直到
streambuf::sgetc 返回EOF。这会导致eofbit
如果您正在阅读 istream,请在 istream 中设置。这
如果您正在阅读,唯一可能阻止这种情况发生的事情
istream 是如果 streambuf::sgetc 抛出异常,这会导致
badbitistream 中设置;没有提供其他机制
输入 streambuf 报告读取错误。因此,将您的 包裹起来 <<
in.rdbuf()
try ... catch 块中,并希望执行
实际上确实检查硬件错误。 (我最近没查过,
但许多早期的实现完全忽略了读取错误,处理
它们作为正常的文件结尾。)

当然,因为您实际上是在读取字节(尽管有 <<,我
不明白如何调用此格式化输入),您不必
考虑第三种可能的错误来源,即格式错误(例如
输入 int 时为“abc”)。

The reason none of the status bits are set in the input file is because
you are reading through the streambuf, not the istream; the actual
reading takes place in the ostream::operator<<, which doesn't have
access to the istream.

I'm not sure it matters, however. The input will be read until
streambuf::sgetc returns EOF. Which would cause the eofbit to be
set in the istream if you were reading through the istream. The
only thing which might prevent this if you were reading through the
istream is if streambuf::sgetc threw an exception, which would cause
badbit to be set in istream; there is no other mechanism provided
for an input streambuf to report a read error. So wrap your out <<
in.rdbuf()
in a try ... catch block, and hope that the implementation
actually does check for hardware errors. (I haven't checked recently,
but a lot of early implementations totally ignored read errors, treating
them as a normal end of file.)

And of course, since you're literally reading bytes (despite the <<, I
don't see how one could call this formatted input), you don't have to
consider the third possible source of errors, a format error (such as
"abc" when inputing an int).

~没有更多了~
我们使用 Cookies 和其他技术来定制您的体验包括您的登录状态等。通过阅读我们的 隐私政策 了解更多相关信息。 单击 接受 或继续使用网站,即表示您同意使用 Cookies 和您的相关数据。
原文