Java选择布局

Question

我需要 Java 中的以下布局：

但是，我应该发现没有布局管理器可以简单地为我处理这个问题。我需要在 JFrame 中使用此布局。

有什么半简单的方法可以做到这一点吗？

提前致谢！

编辑：谢谢大家，我终于成功了！

这就是我所做的（正如您所提议的）

• 窗口
• leftPanel 的 BorderLayout，GridLayout(1,1) /* 拉伸 */，添加组件 1，窗口
• rightPanel 中的 WEST，BorderLayout，窗口
• rightTop 中的中心（添加到 rightPanel）作为CENTER）面板，添加组件2
• rightBottom（添加到rightPanel作为SOUTH）面板，GridLayout（1,1）（也用于拉伸），添加组件3

谢谢大家，我混合了谁的建议^^

Answer 1

我知道您通过将 JPanels 放置在 BorderLayout 布局管理器中解决了您的问题。如果这有效的话，那就太好了。

对于那些对使用 GridBagLayout 作为解决方案感到好奇的人，我将此类作为示例。只需复制粘贴、编译并运行。拖动这个小应用程序窗口的一角即可查看调整窗口大小的效果。

// Example code showing the flexibility of GridBagLayout.

// Source code generated by WindowBuilder 1.0.0r37 in Eclipse (Indigo Release) on Mac OS X 10.6.7.

// © 2011 Basil Bourque.   http://www.GridsGoneWild.com/
// This source code may be used freely forever by anyone taking full responsibility for doing so.

// Each layout manager bundled in Java is quite different from the others. They all have strengths and weaknesses,
// each designed for different purposes and effects.

// GridBagLayout is the most powerful and flexible, but takes some patient practice to understand.
// Funny animated video commentary by a GridBagLayout programmer: http://madbean.com/anim/totallygridbag/
// Hand-coding GridBagLayout is certainly tedious, and nearly impossible for complex forms. So I recommend the use of
// a visual GUI builder such as WindowBuilder in Eclipse, JFormDesigner from FormDev.com, or Matisse in NetBeans.

// Key ideas, "grow" & "fill":
// • In WindowBuilder's Design View, select a widget, then use the "Horizontal grow" and "Vertical grow" icons found in the upper right tool bar.
// • Use the widget's (label's, button's) "Constraints" > "fill" property in the property sheet of WindowBuilder.

// Further ideas:
// • To contain multiple widgets in each area, use JPanel objects where I have used single JLabel and JButton objects. 
//   Nesting JPanels inside JPanels (or in the JFrame's contentPane) is considered normal in Swing. Each JPanel has its own layout manager.
// • If need be, you can set the Minimum, Maximum, and/or Preferred size of a widget or JPanel.
// • If you want certain widgets or JPanels to get disproportionately more or less of the space gained or lost when a window is resized, 
//   use "weightx" and "weighty" properties.

// WindowBuilder Tips:
// • If it's your first time: Open the .java file, then click the "Design" button at bottom to see visual editor.
// • Click the "Show Advanced properties" icon at top of a widget's property sheet to see many hidden properties.

// package com.your.package.goes.here;  // Uncomment this line, and modify to suit your own package.

import java.awt.EventQueue;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Insets;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

public class GridBagLayout_Example extends JFrame {
    private JPanel contentPane;
    private JLabel lblVariableXVariableY;
    private JButton btnVariableXFixedY;
    private JLabel lblFixedXVariableY;

    /**
     * Launch the application.
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
        try {
            GridBagLayout_Example frame = new GridBagLayout_Example();
            frame.setVisible(true);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        }
    });
    }

    /**
     * Constructor
     */
    public GridBagLayout_Example() {
    setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    setBounds(100, 100, 450, 300);
    this.contentPane = new JPanel();
    this.contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
    setContentPane(this.contentPane);
    GridBagLayout gbl_contentPane = new GridBagLayout();
    gbl_contentPane.columnWidths = new int[]{0, 0, 0};
    gbl_contentPane.rowHeights = new int[]{0, 0, 0};
    gbl_contentPane.columnWeights = new double[]{0.0, 1.0, Double.MIN_VALUE};
    gbl_contentPane.rowWeights = new double[]{1.0, 0.0, Double.MIN_VALUE};
    this.contentPane.setLayout(gbl_contentPane);

    this.lblFixedXVariableY = new JLabel("Fixed x, Variable y");
    this.lblFixedXVariableY.setOpaque(true);
    this.lblFixedXVariableY.setBackground(new Color(233, 150, 122));
    GridBagConstraints gbc_lblFixedXVariableY = new GridBagConstraints();
    gbc_lblFixedXVariableY.fill = GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL;
    gbc_lblFixedXVariableY.gridheight = 2;
    gbc_lblFixedXVariableY.insets = new Insets(0, 0, 5, 5);
    gbc_lblFixedXVariableY.gridx = 0;
    gbc_lblFixedXVariableY.gridy = 0;
    this.contentPane.add(this.lblFixedXVariableY, gbc_lblFixedXVariableY);

    this.lblVariableXVariableY = new JLabel("Variable x & y");
    this.lblVariableXVariableY.setBackground(new Color(147, 112, 219));
    this.lblVariableXVariableY.setOpaque(true);
    GridBagConstraints gbc_lblVariableXVariableY = new GridBagConstraints();
    gbc_lblVariableXVariableY.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
    gbc_lblVariableXVariableY.insets = new Insets(0, 0, 5, 0);
    gbc_lblVariableXVariableY.gridx = 1;
    gbc_lblVariableXVariableY.gridy = 0;
    this.contentPane.add(this.lblVariableXVariableY, gbc_lblVariableXVariableY);

    this.btnVariableXFixedY = new JButton("Variable x, Fixed y");
    this.btnVariableXFixedY.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) { 
        }
    });
    this.btnVariableXFixedY.setOpaque(true);
    GridBagConstraints gbc_btnVariableXFixedY = new GridBagConstraints();
    gbc_btnVariableXFixedY.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
    gbc_btnVariableXFixedY.gridx = 1;
    gbc_btnVariableXFixedY.gridy = 1;
    this.contentPane.add(this.btnVariableXFixedY, gbc_btnVariableXFixedY);
    }

}

Answer 2

具有 2 个面板的边框布局，一个是 WEST，一个是 CENTER。在 CENTER 面板上，具有 Center 和 Nrth 组件的 borderLayout 可能会起作用。

Answer 3

这不是特别简单，但我认为你必须使用 GridBagLayout。 http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/layout /gridbag.html

Answer 4

我之前的答案的替代方案是 MigLayout。

它是一个外部依赖项（不在 JDK 中），但它是可用的最强大的布局之一。借助 Google 的 WindowBuilder 这样的 GUI 构建器，它也非常易于使用（或使用）。

即使您不想使用 WindowBuilder 创建 GUI，它也肯定可以帮助您入门。

Answer 5

我使用一个带有 JPanel WEST 和一个 EAST 的简单 BorderLayout 来完成此操作。

我的代码

...
inGameFrame.getContentPane ().setLayout (new BorderLayout ());
inGameFrame.getContentPane ().add ("East", pnlRight);
inGameFrame.getContentPane ().add ("South", pnlBottom);
inGameFrame.getContentPane ().add ("Center", pnlGameBoard);
...

如果这不起作用，请尝试设置面板或组件的大小。
（即使我调整 JFrame 的大小，也只有居中面板改变大小）

编辑
您可以尝试的是：向西添加面板，并添加新的面板中心（也是BorderLayout）。然后在新面板上添加另外两个面板，一个中心面板和一个底部面板。这样就能达到想要的效果了。

...
JPanel pnlNew = new JPanel();
frame.getContentPane ().setLayout (new BorderLayout ());
pnlNew.setLayout (new BorderLayout ());
pnlNew.add ("Center", pnlMiddle);
pnlNew.add ("South", pnlBottom);
frame.getContentPane ().add ("West", pnlLeft);
frame.getContentPane ().add ("Center", pnlNew);
...