验证 Pascal 中的输入(预发布材料)

发布于 2024-11-09 03:15:17 字数 2303 浏览 0 评论 0原文

我正在研究 comp 1 预发布材料,但我似乎无法在 delphi 中的 Pascal 编译中正确回答这个问题...

  • 这个问题涉及函数 RollBowlDie。
  • 此函数不验证输入值。

  • 你必须做什么...... 制作骨架程序的副本。向函数 RollBowlDie 添加额外的语句,以确保输入的 BowlDieResult 在允许游戏继续之前在 1 到 6 的范围内,如果不是,则输出错误消息。

  • 向函数 RollBowlDie 添加更多语句,以便它还检查输入 如果数据类型错误,BowlDieResult 不会导致程序崩溃,而是在检测到错误消息时输出错误消息。

  • 测试修改后的函数以表明它不允许超出范围的输入。

  • 测试修改后的函数,以证明如果添加了不正确的数据类型,它不会崩溃。

这是 RollBowlDie 函数。

Function RollBowlDie(VirtualDiceGame : Boolean) : Integer;
  Var
    BowlDieResult : Integer;
  Begin
    If VirtualDiceGame
      Then BowlDieResult := Random(6) + 1
      Else
        Begin
          Writeln('Please roll the bowling die and then enter your result.');
          Writeln;
          Writeln('Enter 1 if the result is a 1');
          Writeln('Enter 2 if the result is a 2');
          Writeln('Enter 3 if the result is a 4');
          Writeln('Enter 4 if the result is a 6');
          Writeln('Enter 5 if the result is a 0');
          Writeln('Enter 6 if the result is OUT');
          Writeln;
          Write('Result: ');
          Readln(BowlDieResult);
          Writeln;
        End;
    RollBowlDie := BowlDieResult;
  End;

我尝试过将其放入,但没有出现消息错误消息,并且在尝试放入信件时程序崩溃了。

Function RollBowlDie(VirtualDiceGame : Boolean) : Integer;
  Var
    BowlDieResult : Integer;
  Begin
    If VirtualDiceGame
      Then BowlDieResult := Random(6) + 1
      Else
        Begin
          Repeat
            Writeln('Please roll the bowling die and then enter your result.');
            Writeln;
            Writeln('Enter 1 if the result is a 1');
            Writeln('Enter 2 if the result is a 2');
            Writeln('Enter 3 if the result is a 4');
            Writeln('Enter 4 if the result is a 6');
            Writeln('Enter 5 if the result is a 0');
            Writeln('Enter 6 if the result is OUT');
            Writeln;
            Write('Result: ');
            Try
              Readln(BowlDieResult)
            Except
              Writeln('Not a valid number')
            End;
            Writeln;
          Until (BowlDieResult >= 1) and (BowlDieResult <= 6);
        End;
    RollBowlDie := BowlDieResult;
  End;

我不确定如何解决这个问题,任何帮助将不胜感激!

I'm playing around with the comp 1 pre release material, but I can't seem to asnwer this properly in Pascal compiling in delphi...

  • This question refers to the function RollBowlDie.
  • This function has no validation of the input value.

  • What you have to do....
    Make a copy of the Skeleton Program. Add additional statements to the function RollBowlDie so that it ensures that the input BowlDieResult is in the range 1 to 6 before allowing the game to continue and outputs an error message if not.

  • Add further statements to the function RollBowlDie so that it also checks that the input
    BowlDieResult does not cause the program to crash if it is the wrong data type and instead outputs an error message when this is detected.

  • Test the amended function to show that it does not allow inputs that are out of range.

  • Test the amended function to show that it does not crash if an incorrect data type is added.

This is the RollBowlDie function.

Function RollBowlDie(VirtualDiceGame : Boolean) : Integer;
  Var
    BowlDieResult : Integer;
  Begin
    If VirtualDiceGame
      Then BowlDieResult := Random(6) + 1
      Else
        Begin
          Writeln('Please roll the bowling die and then enter your result.');
          Writeln;
          Writeln('Enter 1 if the result is a 1');
          Writeln('Enter 2 if the result is a 2');
          Writeln('Enter 3 if the result is a 4');
          Writeln('Enter 4 if the result is a 6');
          Writeln('Enter 5 if the result is a 0');
          Writeln('Enter 6 if the result is OUT');
          Writeln;
          Write('Result: ');
          Readln(BowlDieResult);
          Writeln;
        End;
    RollBowlDie := BowlDieResult;
  End;

I have tried putting this in, but the message error message didnt come up, and the program crashed when trying in a letter.

Function RollBowlDie(VirtualDiceGame : Boolean) : Integer;
  Var
    BowlDieResult : Integer;
  Begin
    If VirtualDiceGame
      Then BowlDieResult := Random(6) + 1
      Else
        Begin
          Repeat
            Writeln('Please roll the bowling die and then enter your result.');
            Writeln;
            Writeln('Enter 1 if the result is a 1');
            Writeln('Enter 2 if the result is a 2');
            Writeln('Enter 3 if the result is a 4');
            Writeln('Enter 4 if the result is a 6');
            Writeln('Enter 5 if the result is a 0');
            Writeln('Enter 6 if the result is OUT');
            Writeln;
            Write('Result: ');
            Try
              Readln(BowlDieResult)
            Except
              Writeln('Not a valid number')
            End;
            Writeln;
          Until (BowlDieResult >= 1) and (BowlDieResult <= 6);
        End;
    RollBowlDie := BowlDieResult;
  End;

I's not sure how to solve the question, any help would be appreciated greatly!

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评论(2

各自安好 2024-11-16 03:15:17

可能您需要读取字符串或字符类型变量而不是整数,然后以受控方式将字符串/字符转换为整数。

Probably you need to read a string or a char-typed variable instead of an integer one, and then convert the string/char to integer in an controlled way.

你的呼吸 2024-11-16 03:15:17

当然,如果你输入一封信,它就会崩溃......你特别要求
读取一个整数,而字母不是整数。

在对该问题进行更多评论之前,为什么不直接说:

writeln ('Please enter the number rolled, or 0 if it is an OUT: ');

而不是有 6 个 writeln?另外,如果掷出 3 或 5 该怎么办(你只是
给出值 1、2、4、6 和 0 的(有点奇怪的)方向...离开
输出 3 和 5。请记住,您无法从“BowlDieResult := Random(6) + 1”中得到 0。

如果您循环播放直到您完成,您打算如何让用户指示“停止”
1 到 6 之间的值?

回到“如何读取字母”问题...

使用“char”类型的变量(或“char 压缩数组”)读取任意文本...
然后,将读取的字符与“1”、“2”、...、“6”或(例如)“Q”(退出)进行比较。

例如:

var 
   answer : char;
   attempts : integer;      {prevent infinite loop}
   done : boolean;

attempts := 0;      
saw_quit := false;

done := false;          {loop until we get a good number or a QUIT command}
                        {Or until 9 attempts have been made to enter a #. }

while not done do
   begin
   writeln ('Please enter a number (1..6) or Q to quit: ');
   readln (answer);

   if answer in ['1'..'6'] then
      begin          {we got a number in range 1..6...}
      BowlDieResult := ord (answer) - ord ('0');     {convert char to int}
      done := true;
      end

   else if answer in ['Q', 'q'] then         {upper or lower case :) }
      begin
      saw_quit := true;
      done := true;
      end

   else
      begin
      writeln ('Sorry, that is not a number from 1 to 6 or a "Q"!');

      attempts := attempts + 1;
      if attempts > 9 then
         begin
         writeln ('Sorry, too many mistakes ... assuming QUIT');
         saw_quit := true;
         done := true;
         end;
      end;
   end;        {while not done}

注意:上面的内容没有经过编译测试...我从不使用Pascal的内置I/O,
出于性能和可靠性的原因,所以我对它感到生疏。

注意:请参阅http://www.allegro.com/papers/htpp.html
了解 Pascal 编程的一些哲学。

斯坦

Of course it crashes if you type in a letter ... you're specifically asking to
read an integer, and a letter isn't an integer.

Before commenting more on that issue, why not just say:

writeln ('Please enter the number rolled, or 0 if it is an OUT: ');

rather than having 6 writelns? Also, what if a 3 or 5 was rolled (you're only
giving (somewhat odd) directions for the values 1, 2, 4, 6, and 0 ... leaving
out 3 and 5. Keep in mind that you can't get a 0 from "BowlDieResult := Random(6) + 1".

How do you intend the user to indicate "stop" if you're looping until you have
a value between 1 and 6?

Back to the "how do I read a letter" question...

Use a variable of type "char" (or "packed array of char") to read arbitrary text ...
then, compare the character read to '1', '2', ..., '6', or (say) 'Q' (for Quit).

E.g.:

var 
   answer : char;
   attempts : integer;      {prevent infinite loop}
   done : boolean;

attempts := 0;      
saw_quit := false;

done := false;          {loop until we get a good number or a QUIT command}
                        {Or until 9 attempts have been made to enter a #. }

while not done do
   begin
   writeln ('Please enter a number (1..6) or Q to quit: ');
   readln (answer);

   if answer in ['1'..'6'] then
      begin          {we got a number in range 1..6...}
      BowlDieResult := ord (answer) - ord ('0');     {convert char to int}
      done := true;
      end

   else if answer in ['Q', 'q'] then         {upper or lower case :) }
      begin
      saw_quit := true;
      done := true;
      end

   else
      begin
      writeln ('Sorry, that is not a number from 1 to 6 or a "Q"!');

      attempts := attempts + 1;
      if attempts > 9 then
         begin
         writeln ('Sorry, too many mistakes ... assuming QUIT');
         saw_quit := true;
         done := true;
         end;
      end;
   end;        {while not done}

Note: the above not tested for compilation ... I NEVER use Pascal's built-in I/O,
for performance and reliability reasons, so I'm rusty with it.

Note: see http://www.allegro.com/papers/htpp.html
for some philosophy of Pascal programming.

Stan

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