导航卡尔曼滤波器中的投影问题
我目前正在研究一个用于 GPS 导航的简单小型卡尔曼滤波器。我从 GPS 传感器获取当前位置、航向角度和速度。因此,假设速度和航向角恒定,卡尔曼滤波器应融合当前测量值和从先前位置开始的线性运动。
我的问题是选择一个卡尔曼滤波器能够良好运行的有用空间。
局部坐标系方法:
如果我选择一个局部坐标系(北[米],东[米]),先前位置位于原点,我将能够轻松预测新位置,但如何转换新测量值(纬度/经度) )使用 wgs-84 椭球体进入我的局部坐标系?以及如何使用 wgs-84 椭球将本地坐标系中的新预测转换为纬度/经度?
所以我需要两个函数:
f:=(lat_ref, lng_ref, lat, lng) -> (x,y)
g:=(lat_ref, lng_ref, x, y) -> (lat,lng)(这也可以使用 Vincenty 完成)
全局坐标系方法:
我找到了Vincenty-Algorithm,根据参考位置、距离和航向角计算任意位置的新位置椭球体。该算法工作正常,但我不知道如何在全局坐标系中工作的卡尔曼滤波器中使用该算法。
对于如何解决我的问题之一有什么想法或建议吗?
I am currently working on a simple and small Kalman-Filter for GPS-Navigation. I am getting from my GPS-Sensor the current location, course angle and speed. So the Kalman-Filter should fuse the current measurement and the linear movement beginning from the previous location assuming constant speed and course-angle.
My problem is to select a useful space where the Kalman-Filter is able to perform in a good way.
Local coordinate system approach:
If I choose a local coordinate system (north [meter], east [meter]) with the previous location at origin I will be able to predict the new location easily but how to convert the new measurement (latitude/longitude) into my local coordinate system using the wgs-84 ellipsoid? and how to convert my new predicted in my local coordinate system to latitude/longitude also using the wgs-84 ellipsoid?
So I need two functions:
f:=(lat_ref, lng_ref, lat, lng) -> (x,y)
g:=(lat_ref, lng_ref, x, y) -> (lat, lng) (this could by also done using Vincenty)
Global coordinate system approach:
I found the Vincenty-Algorithm which calculates the new location from a reference location, distance and course-angle on any ellipsoid. This algorithm works fine but I dont see how to use this algorithm inside a kalman-filter which works in a global coordinate system.
Are there any ideas or suggestions how to solve one of my problems?
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我已经阅读了许多科学论文,并在 wikipedia 上找到了答案
。将纬度/经度/高度 (llh) 转换为地心地球固定 (ecef),然后转换为我的本地坐标系地球/北/上 (enu),反之亦然。
我发现了该主题的一些其他有趣的链接。
I've worked through many scientific papers and found the answer on wikipedia
The main trick is to convert latitude/longitude/height (llh) to earth-centered-earth-fixed (ecef) and then to my local coordinate system earth/north/up (enu) and vice versa.
I found some other interesting links to this topic.
查看 FWTOOLS,特别是 cs2cs 和 proj...
它们可以处理从投影坐标系到地理坐标系的坐标系转换。重要的是要记住考虑任何基准变化。
Check out FWTOOLS and in particular cs2cs and proj...
They can handle the coord system transformations from projected to geographic coordinate systems. It's important to remember to consider any datum shifts.