Rake db:migrate 具有冲突的测试单元 gem 依赖项（需要 1.2.3，已安装 2.3.0）

Question

我正在尝试运行

rake db:migrate

但是每次我都会收到以下错误：

rake aborted!
can't activate test-unit (= 1.2.3), already activated test-unit-2.3.0. Make sure all dependencies are added to Gemfile.
/Users/petenixey/project/Rakefile:12:in `<top (required)>'
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
Peters-MacBook-Air:pingpanel petenixey$ 

我有其他依赖于 test-unti 2.3.0 的 gem，并且我似乎找不到其他有相同问题的人。

我最近在宝石问题上遇到了一些麻烦，非常感谢人们提供的任何建议。谢谢

编辑 我注意到的另一件事是，如果我使用下面的 gemfiles 和 gemset 创建一个全新的 Rails 项目， rake db:migrate 确实可以工作。这向我表明环境设置或类似情况出现了问题，但我不知道是什么。

---------------- 使用 --trace 运行时出现的完整错误

rake aborted!
can't activate test-unit (= 1.2.3), already activated test-unit-2.3.0. Make sure all dependencies are added to Gemfile.
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@global/gems/bundler-1.0.13/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:150:in `block in replace_gem'
/Users/petenixey/project/tasks/rspec.rake:1:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/activesupport-3.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:235:in `load'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/activesupport-3.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:235:in `block in load'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/activesupport-3.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `block in load_dependency'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/activesupport-3.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:596:in `new_constants_in'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/activesupport-3.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/activesupport-3.0.7/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:235:in `load'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/railties-3.0.7/lib/rails/engine.rb:131:in `block in load_tasks'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/railties-3.0.7/lib/rails/engine.rb:131:in `each'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/railties-3.0.7/lib/rails/engine.rb:131:in `load_tasks'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/railties-3.0.7/lib/rails/application.rb:141:in `load_tasks'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/railties-3.0.7/lib/rails/application.rb:77:in `method_missing'
/Users/petenixey/Dropbox/rails/pingpanel/Rakefile:12:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2383:in `load'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2383:in `raw_load_rakefile'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2017:in `block in load_rakefile'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2068:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2016:in `load_rakefile'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2000:in `block in run'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2068:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:1998:in `run'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/gems/rake-0.8.7/bin/rake:31:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/bin/rake:19:in `load'
/Users/petenixey/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p180@test/bin/rake:19:in `<main>'

-------------- Gemfile

source :rubygems

gem "authlogic"
gem "sqlite3-ruby", :require => "sqlite3"
gem 'jquery-rails', '>= 0.2.6'
gem "hoptoad_notifier"
gem "rake"
gem "rails", ">=3.0.7"
gem "heroku"

group :development, :test do
  # up to date
  gem "faker"
  gem "factory_girl_rails"
  gem "ruby-debug19"
  gem "capybara", ">= 0.4.1.2"
  gem 'cucumber-rails'
  gem 'database_cleaner'
  gem "rspec-rails" 
  gem 'test-unit'
end

gem "launchy"
gem "autotest"
gem "autotest-growl"
gem "autotest-rails-pure"
gem "autotest-fsevent"
gem 'metric_fu'

-------------- ------ Gemfile锁

GEM
  remote: http://rubygems.org/
  specs:
    Saikuro (1.1.0)
    ZenTest (4.5.0)
    abstract (1.0.0)
    actionmailer (3.0.7)
      actionpack (= 3.0.7)
      mail (~> 2.2.15)
    actionpack (3.0.7)
      activemodel (= 3.0.7)
      activesupport (= 3.0.7)
      builder (~> 2.1.2)
      erubis (~> 2.6.6)
      i18n (~> 0.5.0)
      rack (~> 1.2.1)
      rack-mount (~> 0.6.14)
      rack-test (~> 0.5.7)
      tzinfo (~> 0.3.23)
    activemodel (3.0.7)
      activesupport (= 3.0.7)
      builder (~> 2.1.2)
      i18n (~> 0.5.0)
    activerecord (3.0.7)
      activemodel (= 3.0.7)
      activesupport (= 3.0.7)
      arel (~> 2.0.2)
      tzinfo (~> 0.3.23)
    activeresource (3.0.7)
      activemodel (= 3.0.7)
      activesupport (= 3.0.7)
    activesupport (3.0.7)
    archive-tar-minitar (0.5.2)
    arel (2.0.10)
    arrayfields (4.7.4)
    authlogic (3.0.3)
      activerecord (>= 3.0.7)
      activerecord (>= 3.0.7)
    autotest (4.4.6)
      ZenTest (>= 4.4.1)
    autotest-fsevent (0.2.5)
      sys-uname
    autotest-growl (0.2.9)
    autotest-rails-pure (4.1.2)
    builder (2.1.2)
    capybara (0.4.1.2)
      celerity (>= 0.7.9)
      culerity (>= 0.2.4)
      mime-types (>= 1.16)
      nokogiri (>= 1.3.3)
      rack (>= 1.0.0)
      rack-test (>= 0.5.4)
      selenium-webdriver (>= 0.0.27)
      xpath (~> 0.1.3)
    celerity (0.8.9)
    childprocess (0.1.9)
      ffi (~> 1.0.6)
    chronic (0.3.0)
    churn (0.0.13)
      chronic (>= 0.2.3)
      hirb
      json_pure
      main
      ruby_parser (~> 2.0.4)
      sexp_processor (~> 3.0.3)
    colored (1.2)
    columnize (0.3.2)
    configuration (1.2.0)
    cucumber (0.10.2)
      builder (>= 2.1.2)
      diff-lcs (>= 1.1.2)
      gherkin (>= 2.3.5)
      json (>= 1.4.6)
      term-ansicolor (>= 1.0.5)
    cucumber-rails (0.4.1)
      cucumber (>= 0.10.1)
      nokogiri (>= 1.4.4)
      rack-test (>= 0.5.7)
    culerity (0.2.15)
    database_cleaner (0.6.7)
    diff-lcs (1.1.2)
    erubis (2.6.6)
      abstract (>= 1.0.0)
    factory_girl (1.3.3)
    factory_girl_rails (1.0.1)
      factory_girl (~> 1.3)
      railties (>= 3.0.0)
    faker (0.9.5)
      i18n (~> 0.4)
    fattr (2.2.0)
    ffi (1.0.8)
    flay (1.4.2)
      ruby_parser (~> 2.0)
      sexp_processor (~> 3.0)
    flog (2.5.1)
      ruby_parser (~> 2.0)
      sexp_processor (~> 3.0)
    gherkin (2.3.8)
      json (>= 1.4.6)
    haml (3.1.1)
    heroku (2.1.4)
      launchy (>= 0.3.2)
      rest-client (~> 1.6.1)
      term-ansicolor (~> 1.0.5)
    hirb (0.4.5)
    hoptoad_notifier (2.4.9)
      activesupport
      builder
    i18n (0.5.0)
    jquery-rails (1.0.5)
      railties (~> 3.0)
      thor (~> 0.14)
    json (1.5.1)
    json_pure (1.5.1)
    launchy (0.4.0)
      configuration (>= 0.0.5)
      rake (>= 0.8.1)
    linecache19 (0.5.12)
      ruby_core_source (>= 0.1.4)
    mail (2.2.19)
      activesupport (>= 2.3.6)
      i18n (>= 0.4.0)
      mime-types (~> 1.16)
      treetop (~> 1.4.8)
    main (4.4.0)
      arrayfields (>= 4.7.4)
      fattr (>= 2.1.0)
    metric_fu (2.1.1)
      Saikuro (>= 1.1.0)
      activesupport (>= 2.0.0)
      chronic (~> 0.3.0)
      churn (>= 0.0.7)
      flay (>= 1.2.1)
      flog (>= 2.3.0)
      rails_best_practices (>= 0.6.4)
      rcov (>= 0.8.3.3)
      reek (>= 1.2.6)
      roodi (>= 2.1.0)
      syntax
    mime-types (1.16)
    nokogiri (1.4.4)
    polyglot (0.3.1)
    rack (1.2.2)
    rack-mount (0.6.14)
      rack (>= 1.0.0)
    rack-test (0.5.7)
      rack (>= 1.0)
    rails (3.0.7)
      actionmailer (= 3.0.7)
      actionpack (= 3.0.7)
      activerecord (= 3.0.7)
      activeresource (= 3.0.7)
      activesupport (= 3.0.7)
      bundler (~> 1.0)
      railties (= 3.0.7)
    rails_best_practices (0.9.0)
      activesupport
      colored
      erubis
      haml
      i18n
      ruby-progressbar
      ruby_parser
    railties (3.0.7)
      actionpack (= 3.0.7)
      activesupport (= 3.0.7)
      rake (>= 0.8.7)
      thor (~> 0.14.4)
    rake (0.8.7)
    rcov (0.9.9)
    reek (1.2.8)
      ruby2ruby (~> 1.2)
      ruby_parser (~> 2.0)
      sexp_processor (~> 3.0)
    rest-client (1.6.1)
      mime-types (>= 1.16)
    roodi (2.1.0)
      ruby_parser
    rspec (2.6.0)
      rspec-core (~> 2.6.0)
      rspec-expectations (~> 2.6.0)
      rspec-mocks (~> 2.6.0)
    rspec-core (2.6.1)
    rspec-expectations (2.6.0)
      diff-lcs (~> 1.1.2)
    rspec-mocks (2.6.0)
    rspec-rails (2.6.0)
      actionpack (~> 3.0)
      activesupport (~> 3.0)
      railties (~> 3.0)
      rspec (~> 2.6.0)
    ruby-debug-base19 (0.11.25)
      columnize (>= 0.3.1)
      linecache19 (>= 0.5.11)
      ruby_core_source (>= 0.1.4)
    ruby-debug19 (0.11.6)
      columnize (>= 0.3.1)
      linecache19 (>= 0.5.11)
      ruby-debug-base19 (>= 0.11.19)
    ruby-progressbar (0.0.10)
    ruby2ruby (1.2.5)
      ruby_parser (~> 2.0)
      sexp_processor (~> 3.0)
    ruby_core_source (0.1.5)
      archive-tar-minitar (>= 0.5.2)
    ruby_parser (2.0.6)
      sexp_processor (~> 3.0)
    rubyzip (0.9.4)
    selenium-webdriver (0.2.0)
      childprocess (>= 0.1.7)
      ffi (>= 1.0.7)
      json_pure
      rubyzip
    sexp_processor (3.0.5)
    sqlite3 (1.3.3)
    sqlite3-ruby (1.3.3)
      sqlite3 (>= 1.3.3)
    syntax (1.0.0)
    sys-uname (0.8.5)
    term-ansicolor (1.0.5)
    test-unit (2.3.0)
    thor (0.14.6)
    treetop (1.4.9)
      polyglot (>= 0.3.1)
    tzinfo (0.3.27)
    xpath (0.1.4)
      nokogiri (~> 1.3)

PLATFORMS
  ruby

DEPENDENCIES
  authlogic
  autotest
  autotest-fsevent
  autotest-growl
  autotest-rails-pure
  capybara (>= 0.4.1.2)
  cucumber-rails
  database_cleaner
  factory_girl_rails
  faker
  heroku
  hoptoad_notifier
  jquery-rails (>= 0.2.6)
  launchy
  metric_fu
  rails (>= 3.0.7)
  rspec-rails
  ruby-debug19
  sqlite3-ruby
  test-unit

Answer 1

终于解决了这个问题。感谢上帝能够从头开始创建 Rails 项目并一一添加东西。

通过在我的新项目和旧项目之间逐渐添加每组设置和初始化程序，我最终将问题缩小到 rspec.rake 文件：

/lib/tasks/rspec.rake

我正在使用 rspec-rails（即在 Rails 3 上运行的 Rspec 2）。问题是这个 rspec.rake 文件实际上在 rspec-rails 中并不是必需的，而且显然也把事情搞砸了。

为了验证这一点，我运行了 rspec-rails 的全新安装（rails generated rspec:install），并注意到不再创建 rake 文件（我认为它已被吸收到 gem 中）。

所以总而言之，删除 rspec.rake 使一切再次工作 - rake db:migrate 和 rspec spec。