为什么我要逃出决赛]
我有一个包含这样的字符串的文件：
print $hash_xml->{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1]...
我想用其他内容替换 {'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1] 。
所以我尝试了
%s/{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1]/by something else/gc
找不到字符串。我虽然必须转义 {,},[ 和 ]
仍然找不到字符串。
所以我尝试搜索单个 { 并且它找到了它们。 然后我尝试搜索 {'div'}{'div'}{'div'}，它再次找到了。
然后还是找到了{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1。
要查找 {'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1]，
我必须使用 %s/{'div'}{'div'}{'div '}[1\]
为什么？
Linux 上的 vim 7.3
I have a file containing string like this one :
print $hash_xml->{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1]...
I want to replace {'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1] by something else.
So I tried
%s/{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1]/by something else/gc
The strings were not found. I though I had to escape the {,},[ and ]
Still string not found.
So I tried to search a single { and it found them.
Then I tried to search {'div'}{'div'}{'div'} and it found it again.
Then {'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1 was still found.
To find {'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1]
I had to use %s/{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1\]
Why ?
vim 7.3 on Linux
如果你对这篇内容有疑问，欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论，获取更多帮助，或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。
绑定邮箱获取回复消息
由于您还没有绑定你的真实邮箱，如果其他用户或者作者回复了您的评论，将不能在第一时间通知您！
发布评论
评论（4）
[] 在正则表达式中用于包装一系列可接受的字符。
当两者都未转义时，vim 将搜索字符串视为正则表达式。
因此，当您省略它或转义最后一个字符时，vim 无法解释正则表达式上下文中的单个括号，文字搜索也是如此（基本上是给定搜索字符串的最好的结果）。
就我个人而言，我会避开左方括号和右方括号，以确保含义清晰。
The [] are used in regular expressions to wrap a range of acceptable characters.
When both are supplied unescaped, vim is treating the search string as a regex.
So when you leave it out, or escape the final character, vim cannot interpret a single bracket in a regex context, so does a literal search (basically the best it can do given the search string).
Personally, I would escape the opening and closing square brace to ensure that the meaning is clear.
这是因为
[和]字符用于构建搜索模式。请参阅
:h pattern并使用帮助文件pattern.txt尝试以下实验：搜索“[9-0]”模式（不带引号）使用
/[0-9]将分别匹配从 0 到 9 的每个数字（请参阅:h \[）现在，如果您尝试
/\[0-9]或/[0-9\]您将匹配整个模式：方括号内的零、连字符和九。这是因为当您转义[或]之一时，运算符[*]将不再存在。使用您的搜索模式
/{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1\]和/{'div'}{'div'}{'div '}\[1]应匹配您想要的相同模式，而/{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1]匹配字符串{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}1。That's because the
[and]characters are used to build the search pattern.See
:h patternand use the help filepattern.txtto try the following experiment:Searching for the "[9-0]" pattern (without quotes) using
/[0-9]will match every digit from 0 to 9 individually (see:h \[)Now, if you try
/\[0-9]or/[0-9\]you will match the whole pattern: a zero, an hyphen and a nine inside square brackets. That's because when you escape one of[or]the operator[*]ceases to exist.Using your search pattern,
/{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1\]and/{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}\[1]should match the same pattern which is the one you want, while/{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}[1]matches the string{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}1.为了避免被正则表达式中的这些特殊字符捕获，您可以尝试使用
very magic标志。例如：
注意行开头的
\V标志。In order to avoid being caught by these special characters in regular expressions, you can try using the
very magicflag.E.g.:
Notice the
\Vflag at the beginning of the line.因为方括号意味着 vim 认为你正在寻找里面的任何字符。这称为“字符类”。通过转义任一方括号，它可以让 vim 知道您正在寻找以 '[1]' 结尾的文字方字符串。
理想情况下，您应该将表达式编写为：
%s/{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}\[1\]/replacement string/以确保含义完全清晰。
Because the square brackets mean that vim thinks you're looking for any of the characters inside. This is known as a 'character class'. By escaping either of the square brackets it lets vim know that you're looking for the literal square string ending with '[1]'.
Ideally you should write your expression as:
%s/{'div'}{'div'}{'div'}\[1\]/replacement string/to ensure that the meaning is completely clear.