帮助mysql的数据库设计结构
我是数据库和 mysql 的新手,正在尝试了解如何设计数据库。我正在开展测试项目,人们可以在其中查看某些橱柜中的物品。因此,用户可以单击一个柜子并查看其中的所有架子以及每个架子的所有物品。
到目前为止,我已经弄清楚我需要下表:
Item Table
Item ID, Item Name
Shelf Table
Shelf ID, Shelf Number
Cabinet Table
Cabinet ID, Cabinet Name
我所困惑的是我需要什么关系表?我确信这对某人来说真的很容易!
我可以有第四张桌子,里面有类似这样的东西:
ItemID, Shelf ID, Cabinet ID
这有意义吗,这样我就可以查询柜子中的所有架子及其每个架子的物品?我确信这个问题很容易回答,但我的脑子很痛!我被告知如果有帮助的话可以使用 MyIsam 作为存储引擎。
谢谢
编辑:
谢谢,如果您不介意的话,还有一个问题。你知道如何获取所有架子中的所有项目吗,这样它们就会像这样出现在 html 中:
<div id="shelf-1"><p>spoon</p><p>fork</p>
<div id="shelf-2"><p>knife</p></div>
我有以下似乎可行的内容,但通过阅读周围的内容,我认为在查询中循环不是一个好习惯:
$cabinetID = $_GET['cabinetid'];
$sqlShelf = sprintf(' SELECT shelf_id
FROM shelf
INNER JOIN cabinet ON (cabinet.cabinet_id = shelf.cabinet_id)
WHERE cabinet.cabinet_id = %s', $cabinetID);
$resultShelf = mysql_query($sqlShelf);
while($shelf = mysql_fetch_assoc($resultShelf)) {
$shelfID = $shelf['shelf_id'];
$sqlItem = sprintf('SELECT *
FROM item
INNER JOIN shelf ON (item.shelf_id = shelf.shelf_id)
INNER JOIN cabinet ON (cabinet.cabinet_id = shelf.cabinet_id)
WHERE cabinet.cabinet_id = %s
AND shelf.shelf_id = %s', $cabinetID, $shelfID);
$resultItem = mysql_query($sqlItem);
echo('<div>');
while($item = mysql_fetch_assoc($resultItem)) {
echo('<p>' . $item['item_name'] . '</p>' . PHP_EOL);
}
echo('</div>');
I'm new to databases and mysql and am trying to get my head round how to design my database. I'm working on test project where people can view what items they have in some cabinets. So a user can click on a cabinet and see all the shelves inside it and all the items for each shelf.
So far I've worked out I'll need to following tables:
Item Table
Item ID, Item Name
Shelf Table
Shelf ID, Shelf Number
Cabinet Table
Cabinet ID, Cabinet Name
The bit I'm stuck on is what relational tables I'd need? I'm sure this is really easy for somebody!
Could I have a fourth table which holds something like:
ItemID, Shelf ID, Cabinet ID
Would that make sense so I could query all shelves in a cabinet and their items for each shelf? I'm sure this is very easy to answer but my brain hurts! I've been told to use the MyIsam as the storage engine if it helps.
Thanks
Edit:
Thanks, another question if you don't mind. Do you know how to get all the items in all the shelves, so they appear in the html like this:
<div id="shelf-1"><p>spoon</p><p>fork</p>
<div id="shelf-2"><p>knife</p></div>
I have the following which seems to work but from reading around I don't think it is good practice to loop inside a query:
$cabinetID = $_GET['cabinetid'];
$sqlShelf = sprintf(' SELECT shelf_id
FROM shelf
INNER JOIN cabinet ON (cabinet.cabinet_id = shelf.cabinet_id)
WHERE cabinet.cabinet_id = %s', $cabinetID);
$resultShelf = mysql_query($sqlShelf);
while($shelf = mysql_fetch_assoc($resultShelf)) {
$shelfID = $shelf['shelf_id'];
$sqlItem = sprintf('SELECT *
FROM item
INNER JOIN shelf ON (item.shelf_id = shelf.shelf_id)
INNER JOIN cabinet ON (cabinet.cabinet_id = shelf.cabinet_id)
WHERE cabinet.cabinet_id = %s
AND shelf.shelf_id = %s', $cabinetID, $shelfID);
$resultItem = mysql_query($sqlItem);
echo('<div>');
while($item = mysql_fetch_assoc($resultItem)) {
echo('<p>' . $item['item_name'] . '</p>' . PHP_EOL);
}
echo('</div>');
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在写 SQL 之前先用英语思考一下。
你可以有很多柜子;每个柜子有零个或多个搁板;每个架子上可以有零个或多个物品。
一个架子一次只能放在一个柜子里;一件商品一次只能放在一个货架上。
因此,我将其设计为三个表,其中两个表具有一对多关系。
这是一个示例查询,它将为您提供特定柜子中的所有物品(刚刚尝试过 - 效果很好):
Think about it in terms of English before you write SQL.
You can have many cabinets; each cabinet has zero or more shelves; each shelf can have zero or more items on it.
A shelf can only be in one cabinet at a time; an item can only be on one shelf at a time.
So I'd design this as three tables, with one-to-many relationships for two of them.
Here's a sample query that will get you all the items in a particular cabinet (just tried - works great):
您将需要这三个表之间的两个表来保存与关系相对应的数据。
和
You would need two tables between those three tables to hold the data corresponding the relations.
and