可调整大小的 Swing 布局，其中按钮根据可变尺寸排列

Question

我想使用 Java Swing 进行布局，如下图所示。

_{（来源：braun-abstatt.de）}

左边是一个 JPanel，它是通过 PaintComponent() 绘制的，当窗口大小调整时，图形会自动缩放。 （问题不是关于那个面板的。那个已经完成了。）

现在我需要一些按钮（黑框，在 Photoshop 中添加用于绘图）到前面提到的 JPanel 的右侧。顶部和底部的红色区域的高度（旁边应该只有空白区域）是按照 CONSTANT_FACTOR * getHeight() 的方式计算的。左侧每个隔间旁边应该有一组按钮，排列在相应隔间的中心（参见蓝线）。

包含按钮的 JPanel 了解 CONSTANT_FACTOR 和隔间的数量，因此应该可以将此信息提供给布局管理器。

我最适合使用哪个布局管理器来实现此布局？我读过所有不同的布局管理器，但我不太清楚哪一个或哪一个组合最适合这种情况。

Answer 1

例如，通过使用不同的 LayoutManager，一个非常简单的和简单的容器，花费不超过15-20分钟：

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;

public class ThinLineFrame {
    private JFrame frame = new JFrame();
    private JScrollPane scrollPane;
    private JPanel panel = new JPanel();
    private JPanel panelNorth = new JPanel();
    private JPanel panelCenter = new JPanel();
    private JPanel panelCenterCh1 = new JPanel();
    private JPanel panelCenterCh2 = new JPanel();
    private JPanel panelCenterCh3 = new JPanel();
    private JPanel panelCenterCh4 = new JPanel();
    private JPanel panelCenterCh5 = new JPanel();
    private JPanel panelSouth = new JPanel();

    public ThinLineFrame() {
        panelNorth.setBackground(Color.red.darker());
        panelNorth.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(80, 30));
        //
        panelCenter.setBackground(Color.darkGray);
        panelCenter.setLayout(new GridLayout(5, 1, 2, 2));
        //
        panelCenterCh1.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        JButton panelCenterCh1Button = new JButton();
        panelCenterCh1.add(panelCenterCh1Button, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        //
        JButton panelCenterCh2Button1 = new JButton();
        JButton panelCenterCh2Button2 = new JButton();
        panelCenterCh2.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1, 2, 2));
        panelCenterCh2.add(panelCenterCh2Button1);
        panelCenterCh2.add(panelCenterCh2Button2);
        //
        JButton panelCenterCh3Button1 = new JButton();
        JButton panelCenterCh3Button2 = new JButton();
        panelCenterCh3.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1, 2, 2));
        panelCenterCh3.add(panelCenterCh3Button1);
        panelCenterCh3.add(panelCenterCh3Button2);
        //
        JButton panelCenterCh4Button1 = new JButton();
        JButton panelCenterCh4Button2 = new JButton();
        panelCenterCh4.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1, 2, 2));
        panelCenterCh4.add(panelCenterCh4Button1);
        panelCenterCh4.add(panelCenterCh4Button2);
        //
        panelCenterCh5.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        JButton panelCenterCh5Button = new JButton();
        panelCenterCh5.add(panelCenterCh5Button, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        //
        panelCenter.add(panelCenterCh1);
        panelCenter.add(panelCenterCh2);
        panelCenter.add(panelCenterCh3);
        panelCenter.add(panelCenterCh4);
        panelCenter.add(panelCenterCh5);
        //
        panelSouth.setBackground(Color.red.darker());
        panelSouth.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(80, 30));
        //
        panel.setLayout(new BorderLayout(2, 2));
        panel.add(panelNorth, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        panel.add(panelCenter, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        panel.add(panelSouth, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        //
        scrollPane = new JScrollPane(panel);
        frame.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(80, 600));
        frame.setLocation(100, 150);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String args[]) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

            public void run() {
                ThinLineFrame dlg = new ThinLineFrame();
            }
        });
    }
}

Answer 2

您应该尝试查看 MigLayout。这是一个超级灵活的布局管理器，也非常简单。

代码看起来像这样：

MigLayout layout = new MigLayout("flowy");
panel.setLayoutManager(layout);
panel.add(button1);
panel.adD(button2);
etc..

尝试将 debug, flowy 添加到构造函数中，以直观地了解正在发生的情况。

Answer 3

GBC 没有锚点，只有普通的 GridBagConstraints 和首选大小。

具有固定大小的居中 JButton：

import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;

public class MainWithFixSize {
    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();
        Container container = frame.getContentPane();
        GridBagLayout gbl = new GridBagLayout();
        container.setLayout(gbl);
        GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
        gbc.gridx = 1;
        gbc.gridy = 1;
        JButton component = new JButton();
        component.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(25, 25));
        gbl.setConstraints(component, gbc);
        container.add(component);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(40, 90));
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    private MainWithFixSize() {
    }
}