wxpython - 使用循环创建独特的 GUI 元素

Question

我正在尝试创建一个包含大量项目的 GUI，其中有几组相同的内容（六个标签和六个单选框）。

我想做的（为了节省空间和学习体验）是创建某种循环将这些元素放置在我正在使用的面板上。

实际上放置这些应该很容易，但更重要的是，我需要它们在某种程度上都是唯一的，这样我就可以单独更改每个标签或单独获取每个单选框的每个值。

下面是我现在的代码，其中所有元素都是单独创建和放置的。

sizerMain = wx.BoxSizer()
## For the main control area
panelControl = wx.Panel(self,1,style = wx.MAXIMIZE)
sizerControl = wx.GridBagSizer(hgap = 4,vgap = 4)

# Add widgets
## Main content area
lblTitle = wx.StaticText(panelControl,label = "Pick Scores")
sizerControl.Add(lblTitle,pos = (0,0),
                 flag = wx.ALIGN_CENTER|wx.TOP|wx.LEFT|wx.BOTTOM,
                 border = 5)

self.btnRoll = wx.Button(panelControl,label = "Roll!")
sizerControl.Add(self.btnRoll,pos = (0,1),span = (1,5),
                 flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border = 5)
### Radio boxes
#### Radio button tuple
rboxPick = ["Default","Strength","Dexterity","Constitution",
            "Intelligence","Wisdom","Charisma"]

self.lblRoll1 = wx.StaticText(panelControl)
sizerControl.Add(self.lblRoll1,pos = (1,0),flag = wx.ALIGN_CENTER)
self.rboxRoll1 = wx.RadioBox(panelControl,label = "Roll One",choices = rboxPick)
sizerControl.Add(self.rboxRoll1,pos = (1,1),span = (1,5),
                 flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border = 2)

self.lblRoll2 = wx.StaticText(panelControl)
sizerControl.Add(self.lblRoll2,pos = (2,0),flag = wx.ALIGN_CENTER)
self.rboxRoll2 = wx.RadioBox(panelControl,label = "Roll Two",choices = rboxPick)
sizerControl.Add(self.rboxRoll2,pos = (2,1),span = (1,5),
                 flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border = 2)

self.lblRoll3 = wx.StaticText(panelControl)
sizerControl.Add(self.lblRoll3,pos = (3,0),flag = wx.ALIGN_CENTER)
self.rboxRoll3 = wx.RadioBox(panelControl,label = "Roll Three",choices = rboxPick)
sizerControl.Add(self.rboxRoll3,pos = (3,1),span = (1,5),
                 flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border = 2)

self.lblRoll4 = wx.StaticText(panelControl)
sizerControl.Add(self.lblRoll4,pos = (4,0),flag = wx.ALIGN_CENTER)
self.rboxRoll4 = wx.RadioBox(panelControl,label = "Roll Four",choices = rboxPick)
sizerControl.Add(self.rboxRoll4,pos = (4,1),span = (1,5),
                 flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border = 2)

self.lblRoll5 = wx.StaticText(panelControl)
sizerControl.Add(self.lblRoll5,pos = (5,0),flag = wx.ALIGN_CENTER)
self.rboxRoll5 = wx.RadioBox(panelControl,label = "Roll Five",choices = rboxPick)
sizerControl.Add(self.rboxRoll5,pos = (5,1),span = (1,5),
                 flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border = 2)

self.lblRoll6 = wx.StaticText(panelControl)
sizerControl.Add(self.lblRoll6,pos = (6,0),flag = wx.ALIGN_CENTER)
self.rboxRoll6 = wx.RadioBox(panelControl,label = "Roll Six",choices = rboxPick)
sizerControl.Add(self.rboxRoll6,pos = (6,1),span = (1,5),
                 flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border = 2)

另外，已经晚了..所以如果我没有意义，请告诉我，我很乐意重新解释..

Answer 1

自从我完成任何 wxPython 编码以来已经有一段时间了，所以我有点生疏了，但是除了 neurino 的解决方案之外，我还能想到两种方法来做到这一点，尽管还有其他变体。

---

方法 1

在字典中保留对每个小部件的引用，使用小部件标签作为键，例如

rboxPick = ["Default", "Strength", "Dexterity", "Constitution", "Intelligence", "Wisdom", "Charisma"]
labels = ["One", "Two", "Three", "Four"]            
self.rollRbs = dict()

#create  the radioBoxes..
for row, label in enumerate(labels):
    lbl = wx.StaticText(panelControl)       
    rbox = wx.RadioBox(panelControl, label="Roll %s"%(label), 
                       choices=rboxPick)              
    sizerControl.Add(rbox ,pos = (row, 1),span=(1,5),
                     flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border = 2)

    self.rollRbs[rbox.GetLabel()] = rbox

#changing the label...
self.rollRbs["Roll One"].SetLabel("blah")

---

方法 2

我个人更喜欢事件驱动的方法。只需将每个 RadioBoxes 事件绑定到同一个处理程序即可。然后在处理程序中，您可以使用标签属性来区分 RadioBox。

工作示例：

import wx

class GUI(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, id, title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title, size=(700, 400))

        panelControl = wx.Panel(self, 1, style=wx.MAXIMIZE) 
        sizerControl = wx.GridBagSizer(hgap=4,vgap = 4)

        lblTitle = wx.StaticText(panelControl, label="Pick Scores")             
        self.btnRoll = wx.Button(panelControl, label="Roll!")

        sizerControl.Add(lblTitle, pos=(0,0), 
                         flag=wx.ALIGN_CENTER|wx.TOP|wx.LEFT|wx.BOTTOM, border=5) 
        sizerControl.Add(self.btnRoll, pos=(0,1), 
                         span=(1,5), flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT, border=5)

        rboxPick = ["Default", "Strength", "Dexterity", "Constitution", 
                    "Intelligence", "Wisdom", "Charisma"
                    ]
        labels = ["One", "Two", "Three", "Four"]

        #Create, layout and bind the RadioBoxes
        for row, label in enumerate(labels):
            lbl = wx.StaticText(panelControl)       
            rbox = wx.RadioBox(panelControl, label="Roll %s"%(label), choices=rboxPick)
            self.Bind(wx.EVT_RADIOBOX, self.onRadioBox, rbox)              
            sizerControl.Add(rbox, pos=(row+1, 1), span=(1,5), 
                             flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border=2)

        sizerMain = wx.BoxSizer()
        sizerMain.Add(sizerControl)
        panelControl.SetSizerAndFit(sizerMain)

    def onRadioBox(self, evt):
        """Event handler for RadioBox.."""

        rbox = evt.GetEventObject()#Get a reference to the RadioBox
        rboxLbl = rbox.GetLabel()   #We can identify the RadioBox with its label
        selection = rbox.GetSelection()

        print rboxLbl
        print selection

        if rboxLbl == "Roll One":
            #do something
            pass     
        elif rboxLbl == "Roll Two":
             #do something else
            pass


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = wx.PySimpleApp()
    frame = GUI(None, -1, "") 
    frame.Show(1)
    app.MainLoop()

---

如果由于某种原因您需要与每个 RadioBox 配对的空 StaticText，那么我可能只是将该对制作为一个丰富的复合小部件，并提供一些更改标签等的方法。然后使用方法2来创建和更新它们。如果您需要在创建后在事件处理程序之外修改这些小部件属性，那么我认为您需要以某种形式或形式保留对它们的引用，例如方法1。

这是一个工作示例

import wx
import  wx.lib.newevent

class LblRadBox(wx.Panel):
    """
    Simple example of a composite widget 
    Add methods as required to improve functionality...
    """
    def __init__(self, parent, stLbl="", rbLbl="", choices=[]):
        wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent)
        self.stLbl = wx.StaticText(self, label=stLbl)       
        self.rbox = wx.RadioBox(self, label=rbLbl, choices=choices)

        sizer =  wx.BoxSizer()
        sizer.Add(self.stLbl)
        sizer.Add(self.rbox)
        self.SetSizerAndFit(sizer)

    def SetSTLabel(self, lbl):
        self.stLbl.SetLabel(lbl)

    def GetLabel(self):
        return self.rbox.GetLabel()

    def GetSelection(self, lbl):
        return self.rbox.GetSelection()

class GUI(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, id, title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, id, title, size=(700, 400))

        panelControl = wx.Panel(self, 1, style=wx.MAXIMIZE) 
        sizerControl = wx.GridBagSizer(hgap=4,vgap = 4)

        lblTitle = wx.StaticText(panelControl, label="Pick Scores")             
        self.btnRoll = wx.Button(panelControl, label="Roll!")

        sizerControl.Add(lblTitle, pos=(0,0), 
                         flag=wx.ALIGN_CENTER|wx.TOP|wx.LEFT|wx.BOTTOM, border=5) 
        sizerControl.Add(self.btnRoll, pos=(0,1), 
                         span=(1,5), flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT, border=5)

        rboxPick = ["Default", "Strength", "Dexterity", "Constitution", 
                    "Intelligence", "Wisdom", "Charisma"
                    ]
        labels = ["One", "Two", "Three", "Four"]

        #Create, layout and bind the RadioBoxes
        for row, label in enumerate(labels):        
            rbox = LblRadBox(panelControl, rbLbl="Roll %s"%(label), choices=rboxPick) 
            #if u want to be able to access the rboxes outside of onRadioBox() 
            #then add references of them to a dictionary like in method 1..

            sizerControl.Add(rbox, pos=(row+1, 1), span=(1,5), 
                             flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.LEFT|wx.RIGHT,border=2)

        panelControl.Bind(wx.EVT_RADIOBOX, self.onRadioBox)    

        sizerMain = wx.BoxSizer()
        sizerMain.Add(sizerControl)
        panelControl.SetSizerAndFit(sizerMain)

    def onRadioBox(self, evt):
        """Event handler for RadioBox.."""
        rbox = evt.GetEventObject()#Get a reference to the RadioBox
        rboxLbl = rbox.GetLabel()   #We can identify the RadioBox with its label
        selection = rbox.GetSelection()

        print rboxLbl
        print selection

        if rboxLbl == "Roll One":
            #do something
            pass     
        elif rboxLbl == "Roll Two":
             #do something else
            pass


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = wx.PySimpleApp()
    frame = GUI(None, -1, "") 
    frame.Show(1)
    app.MainLoop()

Answer 2

无论如何，它们都是唯一的，如果您不提供 id，您可以使用 wx.NewId() 创建，wx 将为您创建一个。

如果您负责创建（或检索）id，并将它们存储（在列表中，在字典中，您选择），那么您将能够返回所有单个元素来编辑它。

ids = []
for lbl in ('Name', 'Surname', 'Address'):
    st = wx.StaticText(panel)
    tc = wx.TextControl(panel, label=lbl)
    ids.append(tc.GetId())

无论如何，您应该能够进行编辑，通常响应用户操作，仅使用事件数据而不需要存储任何 ID。