拦截所产生的开销值得吗?
我正在努力将 NHibernate 引入我们的代码库。我想我必须使用某种 DI 容器,这样我就可以将依赖项注入到从数据库加载的实体中。我选择 Unity 作为容器。
我正在考虑使用 Unity 的拦截机制向我的代码添加事务方面,因此我可以执行以下操作:
class SomeService
{
[Transaction]
public void DoSomething(CustomerId id)
{
Customer c = CustomerRepository.LoadCustomer(id);
c.DoSomething();
}
}
[Transaction]
处理程序将负责创建会话和事务、提交 。
我担心使用这种拦截会使我在代码中几乎所有地方都使用 Unity 如果我以这种方式引入方面,那么我绝对不能调用 new SomeService(),否则我将获得没有事务的服务。虽然这在生产代码中是可以接受的,但在测试中似乎开销太大。例如,我必须将以下内容转换
void TestMethod()
{
MockDependency dependency = new MockDependency();
dependency.SetupForTest();
var service = SomeService(dependency);
service.DoSomething();
}
为:
void TestMethod()
{
unityContainer.RegisterType<MockDependency>();
unityContainer.RegisterType<IDependency, MockDependency>();
MockDependency dependency = unityContainer.Resolve<MockDependency>();
dependency.SetupForTest();
var service = unityContainer.Resolve<SomeService>();
service.DoSomething();
}
这会为我正在使用的每个模拟对象添加 2 行,这会导致相当多的代码(我们的测试使用大量有状态模拟,因此这并不罕见测试类有 5-8 个模拟对象,有时甚至更多。)
我认为独立注入在这里没有帮助:我必须为测试中使用的每个类设置注入,因为方面可能会测试完成后添加到班级。
现在,如果我放弃使用拦截,我最终会得到:
class SomeService
{
public void DoSomething(CustomerId id)
{
Transaction.Run(
() => {
Customer c = CustomerRepository.LoadCustomer(id);
c.DoSomething();
});
}
}
诚然,这不是那么好,但似乎也没有那么糟糕。
我什至可以设置我自己的穷人拦截:
class SomeService
{
[Transaction]
public void DoSomething(CustomerId id)
{
Interceptor.Intercept(
MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod(),
() => {
Customer c = CustomerRepository.LoadCustomer(id);
c.DoSomething();
});
}
}
然后我的拦截器可以处理该类的属性,但我仍然可以使用 new
实例化该类,而不用担心失去功能。
有没有更好的方法来使用 Unity 拦截,而不会强迫我始终使用它来实例化我的对象?
I'm in the middle of a significant effort to introduce NHibernate into our code base. I figured I would have to use some kind of a DI container, so I can inject dependencies into the entities I load from the database. I chose Unity as that container.
I'm considering using Unity's interception mechanism to add a transaction aspect to my code, so I can do e.g. the following:
class SomeService
{
[Transaction]
public void DoSomething(CustomerId id)
{
Customer c = CustomerRepository.LoadCustomer(id);
c.DoSomething();
}
}
and the [Transaction]
handler will take care of creating a session and a transaction, committing the transaction (or rolling back on exception), etc.
I'm concerned that using this kind of interception will bind me to using Unity pretty much everywhere in the code. If I introduce aspects in this manner, then I must never, ever call new SomeService()
, or I will get a service that doesn't have transactions. While this is acceptable in production code, it seems too much overhead in tests. For example, I would have to convert this:
void TestMethod()
{
MockDependency dependency = new MockDependency();
dependency.SetupForTest();
var service = SomeService(dependency);
service.DoSomething();
}
into this:
void TestMethod()
{
unityContainer.RegisterType<MockDependency>();
unityContainer.RegisterType<IDependency, MockDependency>();
MockDependency dependency = unityContainer.Resolve<MockDependency>();
dependency.SetupForTest();
var service = unityContainer.Resolve<SomeService>();
service.DoSomething();
}
This adds 2 lines for each mock object that I'm using, which leads to quite a bit of code (our tests use a lot of stateful mocks, so it is not uncommon for a test class to have 5-8 mock objects, and sometimes more.)
I don't think standalone injection would help here: I have to set up injection for every class that I use in the tests, because it's possible for aspects to be added to a class after the test is written.
Now, if I drop the use of interception I'll end up with:
class SomeService
{
public void DoSomething(CustomerId id)
{
Transaction.Run(
() => {
Customer c = CustomerRepository.LoadCustomer(id);
c.DoSomething();
});
}
}
which is admittedly not as nice, but doesn't seem that bad either.
I can even set up my own poor man's interception:
class SomeService
{
[Transaction]
public void DoSomething(CustomerId id)
{
Interceptor.Intercept(
MethodInfo.GetCurrentMethod(),
() => {
Customer c = CustomerRepository.LoadCustomer(id);
c.DoSomething();
});
}
}
and then my interceptor can process the attributes for the class, but I can still instantiate the class using new
and not worry about losing functionality.
Is there a better way of using Unity interception, that doesn't force me to always use it for instantiating my objects?
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如果您想使用 AOP 但又担心 Unity,那么我建议您查看 PostSharp。它实现了 AOP 作为编译后检查,但对运行时使用代码的方式没有任何改变。
http://www.sharpcrafters.com/
他们有一个免费的社区版本,具有良好的功能集,如以及具有显着增强功能集的专业版和企业版。
If you want to use AOP but are concerned abut Unity then I would recommend you check out PostSharp. That implements AOP as a post-compile check but has no changes on how you use the code at runtime.
http://www.sharpcrafters.com/
They have a free community edition that has a good feature set, as well as professional and enterprise versions that have significantly enhanced feature sets.