在 urllib2.urlopen 中使用 mimetools.Message

Question

我正在使用 urllib2.urlopen() ：

req = urllib2.Request('http://www.google.com')
resp = urllib2.urlopen(req)
print resp.info()

print resp.info()['set-cookie']

Date: Sat, 14 May 2011 01:24:12 GMT

Expires: -1

Cache-Control: private, max-age=0

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

Set-Cookie: PREF=ID=5ec78624283cc050:FF=0:TM=1305336252:LM=1305336252:S=eRXgUUuzhQbRmZxk; expires=Mon, 13-May-2013 01:24:12 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com

Set-Cookie: NID=46=GxyZVeWbT9dn0sLa9waPGSusm1hFqGf46SPqewahg0bzbYIQX0oHff0bzJ33E2yO89npEsYkqSoX0HLSqHbCxj5tCK2E931PfEJbqDMB6lTDk4ngVAiiyObWmbHgRUC9; expires=Sun, 13-Nov-2011 01:24:12 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com; HttpOnly

Server: gws

X-XSS-Protection: 1; mod


PREF=ID=5ec78624283cc050:FF=0:TM=1305336252:LM=1305336252:S=eRXgUUuzhQbRmZxk; expires=Mon, 13-May-2013 01:24:12 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com, NID=46=GxyZVeWbT9dn0sLa9waPGSusm1hFqGf46SPqewahg0bzbYIQX0oHff0bzJ33E2yO89npEsYkqSoX0HLSqHbCxj5tCK2E931PfEJbqDMB6lTDk4ngVAiiyObWmbHgRUC9; expires=Sun, 13-Nov-2011 01:24:12 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com; HttpOnly

正如您在响应中收到的标头中看到的，有两个“set-cookie”语句，但是在 resp.info( ) 对象我收到它已将两个 cookie 语句分组在一起并用“,”（逗号）分隔它们，

通过此分隔符分隔 cookie 很麻烦，因为我尝试分隔的 cookie 信息中有逗号使用此逗号分隔符

是否有一种简单的方法可以使用此 mimetools.message 对象单独调用每个 cookie 字符串？ (resp.info())

else->我只需要手动解析标头，而不需要这个不太有用的 mimetools.message/dictionary 对象

Answer 1

尝试使用 getheaders() 来获取 cookie 的列表：

>>> msg = resp.info()
>>> msg.getheaders('Set-Cookie')
['PREF=ID=5975a5ee255f0949:FF=0:TM=1305336283:LM=1305336283:S=1vkES6eF4Yxd-_oM; expires=Mon, 13-May-2013 01:24:43 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com.au', 'NID=46=lQVFZg6yKUsoWT529Hqp5gA8B_CKYd2epPIbANmw_J0UzeMt2BhuMF-gtmGsRhenUTeajKz2zILXd9xWpHWT8ZGvDcmNdkzaGX-L_-sKyY1w4e2l3DKd80JzSkt2Vp-H; expires=Sun, 13-Nov-2011 01:24:43 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com.au; HttpOnly']

在本例中，您将获得两个字符串的列表。

然后您可以迭代该列表并获取您喜欢的任何 cookie。 str.startswith() 是你的朋友:

>>> cookies = msg.getheaders('Set-Cookie')
>>> for cookie in cookies:
...     if cookie.startswith('PREF='):
...             print 'Got PREF: ', cookie
...     else:
...             print 'Got another: ', cookie
... 
Got PREF:  PREF=ID=5975a5ee255f0949:FF=0:TM=1305336283:LM=1305336283:S=1vkES6eF4Yxd-_oM; expires=Mon, 13-May-2013 01:24:43 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com.au
Got another:  NID=46=lQVFZg6yKUsoWT529Hqp5gA8B_CKYd2epPIbANmw_J0UzeMt2BhuMF-gtmGsRhenUTeajKz2zILXd9xWpHWT8ZGvDcmNdkzaGX-L_-sKyY1w4e2l3DKd80JzSkt2Vp-H; expires=Sun, 13-Nov-2011 01:24:43 GMT; path=/; domain=.google.com.au; HttpOnly

新手如何找到Python文档

% python
Python 2.7.1 (r271:86832, Jan 29 2011, 13:30:16) 
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5664)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import urllib2
>>> req = urllib2.Request('http://www.google.com')
>>> resp = urllib2.urlopen(req)
>>> help(resp.info())