Linux(Mint)安装Go并修改bashrc

发布于 2024-11-07 17:11:05 字数 669 浏览 4 评论 0原文

我想在我的 Linux Mint 机器上安装 Google 的 Go 语言。我是 Linux 新手，所以遵循我读过的一些说明并不容易。也就是说，我被告知要编辑/修改 bashrc 文件：

 export GOROOT=$HOME/gosource
 export GOARCH=amd64
 export GOOS=linux
 export GOBIN=$HOME/bin
 export PATH=$PATH:$GOBIN

我不知道该怎么做。我

在终端中输入 gedit ~/.bashrc ，然后出现了一个空白页面。我输入了代码并保存了它。然后就

hg clone -u https://go.googlecode.com/hg/ go

得到了源代码。这是正确的吗？因为然后我尝试编译代码并出现一长串错误（我没有 - 不幸的是我正在使用另一台电脑）。

但如果有人能帮助我安装 Go，我将不胜感激。

解决方案：

除了下面的答案中提到和解决的各种问题之外，我还忘记安装

sudo apt-get install bison ed gawk gcc libc6-dev make

golang.com 安装页面顶部提到的以下内容。

原文

I want to install Google's Go Language on my Linux Mint machine. I'm new to Linux so its not easy to follow some of the instructions I have read. Namely, I have been told to edit/mod the bashrc file:

 export GOROOT=$HOME/gosource
 export GOARCH=amd64
 export GOOS=linux
 export GOBIN=$HOME/bin
 export PATH=$PATH:$GOBIN

I don't know how to do this. I typed gedit ~/.bashrc

into the terminal and a blank page appeared. I put in the code and saved it. Then did

hg clone -u https://go.googlecode.com/hg/ go

to get the source code. Is this correct? Because I then tried to compile the code and a long list of errors appeared (which I don't have - I'm using a different PC at the mo unfortunately).

But if anyone can help me install Go, I'd appreciate it.

SOLUTION:

Aside from various problems mentioned and solved in the answers below, I had forgotten to install the following

sudo apt-get install bison ed gawk gcc libc6-dev make

WHich is mentioned at the top of the golang.com install page.

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好听的两个字的网名 2024-11-14 17:11:05

除此之外，您尝试将存储库克隆到 ~/go 并编辑 ~/.bashrc 将 $GOROOT 指向 ~ /gosource。

仔细阅读 Go 入门说明。复制并粘贴命令或仔细检查您键入的内容；在按回车键之前，请仔细检查输入。对于命令，$ 符号代表命令提示符，请勿键入。请记住，Linux 区分大小写，/ 和 \ 之间的区别很重要。非常仔细地检查命令的输出；输出有意义吗？运行 env、pwd、which 和 uname 等诊断命令。当您在 Stack Overflow 答案中看到滚动条时，滚动浏览所有代码和输出。

首先，设置~/.bashrc。

$ gedit ~/.bashrc

export GOROOT=$HOME/go
export GOARCH=amd64
export GOOS=linux
export GOBIN=$GOROOT/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$GOBIN

关闭所有打开的终端窗口，然后打开一个新的终端窗口以检查新的 ~./bashrc 和其他值。

$ env | grep '^\(GO\|HOME=\|PATH=\)'
GOBIN=/home/peter/go/bin
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/home/peter/go/bin
GOARCH=amd64
HOME=/home/peter
GOROOT=/home/peter/go
GOOS=linux
$ cd $GOROOT/src
$ pwd
/home/peter/go/src
$ uname -a
Linux peter 2.6.32-31-generic #61-Ubuntu SMP Fri Apr 8 18:25:51 UTC 2011 x86_64 GNU/Linux

然后将存储库克隆到 $GOROOT，您将克隆到同一位置并从同一位置进行编译。

$ hg clone -u release https://go.googlecode.com/hg/ $GOROOT
requesting all changes
adding changesets
adding manifests
adding file changes
added 8441 changesets with 31916 changes to 4421 files (+1 heads)
updating to branch release-branch.r57
2702 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
$ cd $GOROOT/src
$ ./all.bash
< SNIP OUTPUT >
ALL TESTS PASSED
---
Installed Go for linux/amd64 in /home/peter/go.
Installed commands in /home/peter/go/bin.
The compiler is 6g.
$ which 6g
/home/peter/go/bin/6g

你还没有发布你的输出，所以我只能猜测你的问题是什么。

比如你说“目录是Go”，应该是“go”；由于 Linux 区分大小写，因此“Go”和“go”是不同的。

如果您在 hg clone 命令中省略 $GOROOT 目标或未设置 $GOROOT，则 hgclone 将默认为 hg 目录。例如，

$ env | grep '^GOROOT'
GOROOT=
$ hg clone -u release https://go.googlecode.com/hg/ $GOROOT
destination directory: hg

由于您有 GOARCH=amd64，因此您应该在 x86_64 处理器上运行 64 位版本的 Linux Mint。您的 uname -a 输出内容是什么？您希望 6g 和 6l 程序在 x86_64 处理器上编译和链接，该处理器应位于您的 $GOBIN 目录，该目录应位于您的 $PATH 中。

$ env | grep '^\(GOBIN\|PATH=\)'
GOBIN=/home/peter/go/bin
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/home/peter/go/bin
$ which 6g
/home/peter/go/bin/6g

您还应该通过阅读 ./all.bash 命令输出的末尾看到这一点。

ALL TESTS PASSED
---
Installed Go for linux/amd64 in /home/peter/go.
Installed commands in /home/peter/go/bin.
The compiler is 6g.

Amongst other things, you tried to clone the repository to ~/go and edited ~/.bashrc to point $GOROOT to ~/gosource.

Read the Go Getting Started instructions carefully. Either copy and paste commands or check what you type very carefully; check input very carefully before you hit enter. For commands, the $ sign represents the command prompt, don't type it. Remember, Linux is case sensitive and the distinction between / and \ is important. Check the output of commands very carefully; does the ouput make sense. Run diagnostic commands like env, pwd, which, and uname. When you see scroll bars in a Stack Overflow answer, scroll through all the code and output.

First, set up ~/.bashrc.

$ gedit ~/.bashrc

export GOROOT=$HOME/go
export GOARCH=amd64
export GOOS=linux
export GOBIN=$GOROOT/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$GOBIN

Close any open terminal windows and then open a new terminal window to check the new ~./bashrc and other values.

$ env | grep '^\(GO\|HOME=\|PATH=\)'
GOBIN=/home/peter/go/bin
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/home/peter/go/bin
GOARCH=amd64
HOME=/home/peter
GOROOT=/home/peter/go
GOOS=linux
$ cd $GOROOT/src
$ pwd
/home/peter/go/src
$ uname -a
Linux peter 2.6.32-31-generic #61-Ubuntu SMP Fri Apr 8 18:25:51 UTC 2011 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Then clone the repository to $GOROOT and you will clone to and compile from the same place.

$ hg clone -u release https://go.googlecode.com/hg/ $GOROOT
requesting all changes
adding changesets
adding manifests
adding file changes
added 8441 changesets with 31916 changes to 4421 files (+1 heads)
updating to branch release-branch.r57
2702 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
$ cd $GOROOT/src
$ ./all.bash
< SNIP OUTPUT >
ALL TESTS PASSED
---
Installed Go for linux/amd64 in /home/peter/go.
Installed commands in /home/peter/go/bin.
The compiler is 6g.
$ which 6g
/home/peter/go/bin/6g

You haven't posted your output, so I can only guess what your problems are.

For example, you say "the directory is Go", it should be "go"; since Linux is case sensitive, "Go" and "go" are different.

If you omit the $GOROOT destination from the hg clone command or $GOROOT is not set, hg clone will default to the hg directory. For example,

$ env | grep '^GOROOT'
GOROOT=
$ hg clone -u release https://go.googlecode.com/hg/ $GOROOT
destination directory: hg

Since you have GOARCH=amd64, you should be running a 64-bit version of Linux Mint on an x86_64 processor. What does your uname -a output say? You want the 6g and 6l programs to compile and link on an x86_64 processor, which should be in your $GOBIN directory, which should be in in your $PATH.

$ env | grep '^\(GOBIN\|PATH=\)'
GOBIN=/home/peter/go/bin
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/home/peter/go/bin
$ which 6g
/home/peter/go/bin/6g

You should also have seen this by reading the end of your ./all.bash command output.

ALL TESTS PASSED
---
Installed Go for linux/amd64 in /home/peter/go.
Installed commands in /home/peter/go/bin.
The compiler is 6g.

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拒绝两难 2024-11-14 17:11:05

而不是

gedit /.bashrc

你应该输入

gedit ~/.bashrc

Thefact that you were able to save it(?!) 表明你要么打错了你在问题中实际输入的内容，要么你以 root 身份运行 gedit 。您需要以将进行编译的同一用户（您的用户）身份运行gedit，以确保您编辑正确的文件。

Instead of

gedit /.bashrc

you should have typed

gedit ~/.bashrc

The fact that you were able to save it(?!) indicates that either you typo'd what you actually typed in your question, or you were running gedit as root. You need to run gedit as the same user (your user) that will be doing the compiling, to ensure that you edit the right file.

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筑梦 2024-11-14 17:11:05

在最简单的情况下无需调整环境。

克隆后，进行

cd go/src
./all.bash

Go 编译。编译后，您将被告知它的安装位置以及如何运行它。然后您可能想要真正修改您的环境以更新 PATH 变量。但这个问题确实超出了 Go 语言的范围，所以按照 Robin Green 的建议去做。

聚苯乙烯
golang 的 Debian 软件包最近已上传到不稳定的版本（请参阅此错误< /a>），所以获取源包并从中构建真正的 Debian 包可能是一个更好的主意。

There's no need to tweak the environment in the simplest case.

After cloning, do

cd go/src
./all.bash

to get Go compiled. After compiling you'll be told where it's installed and how to run it. Then you might want to really modify your environment to update the PATH variable. But this question is really out of scope of the Go language, so do what Robin Green suggested.

P.S.
The Debian packages for golang have recently been uploaded to unstable (see this bug), so may be it would be a better idea to grab the source package and build a real Debian package(s) from it.

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