Since everyone here is oblivious to your clear 64-bit statement, I'll give a correct answer:
If the makefile is an Nmake makefile, you can install the Visual Studio Express for Windows Desktop, open a command prompt from the start menu (choose the one targetting 64-bit Windows), cd to your project's directory, and run nmake. You'll need to modify the makefile to call cl and link.
If the Makefile is a MinGW makefile, you will need mingw-w64's toolchains targetting Win64 (note also 32-bit toolchains are provided). I recommend the official builds provided through an installer or the ones installable from MSYS2 (see point 3). Install, open the MinGW-w64 command prompt, cd to your projects directory, and run mingw32-make.
If the Makefile is a Unix/MSYS makefile, I suggest using MSYS2. You can use the above toolchain, or do pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc to install a toolchain from the MSYS2 shell. Be sure to either add /mingw64/bin to PATH or launch from the "MSYS2 MinGW-w64 64-bit" shortcut to use it. Note you can use MSYS2 as a package management tool only: install any dependency you want (there are tons of 3rd party library binaries ready for use) and just add the <MSYS2 root>/mingw64/bin directory to PATH and call the compiler from anywhere.
If the project uses Unix functionality (like fork() or other Unix system calls), you can use 64-bit Cygwin, install its compiler, and link with the Cygwin dll. This is not recommended as there is a performance (well, relative to porting the code to Win32 APIs) and license penalty (The Cygwin DLL is GPL, which forces your program to be licensed in a GPL-compatible way).
These are four ways of compiling a C source file for 64-bit Windows with free tools. If you are a student, you can probably use the following ways as well:
Download Visual Studio Professional from Dreamspark (if your university/college/school has an agreement with Microsoft for this) and use that. Pretty much equivalent to point 1 except if you use stuff like MFC/ATL and/or VS plugins, which don't work in the express version.
Download the Intel compiler from their Education offerings website. Requires Visual Studio Professional from point 5 though. You'll need to modify the Makefile to use the Intel compiler though.
Download the LLVM/Clang compiler from here (the Windows snapshot builds) and use it in conjunction with point 5. You'll need to modify the makefile to call clang.
I know this is more than what you asked for, but my high-rated answers need to be complete, right?
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由于这里的每个人都没有注意到您明确的 64 位声明，因此我将给出正确的答案：
如果 makefile 是 Nmake makefile，则可以安装 Visual Studio Express for Windows Desktop，从开始菜单打开命令提示符（选择针对 64-位 Windows），
cd到您的项目目录，然后运行 nmake。您需要修改 makefile 以调用 cl 和链接。如果 Makefile 是 MinGW makefile，则需要 mingw -w64 针对 Win64 的工具链（注意还提供了 32 位工具链）。我推荐 通过安装程序提供的官方版本或可从 MSYS2 安装的版本（请参阅第 3 点）。安装，打开 MinGW-w64 命令提示符，
cd到您的项目目录，然后运行 mingw32-make。如果Makefile是Unix/MSYS makefile，我建议使用MSYS2。您可以使用上述工具链，或者执行
pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc从 MSYS2 shell 安装工具链。请务必将/mingw64/bin添加到PATH或从“MSYS2 MinGW-w64 64-bit”快捷方式启动以使用它。请注意，您只能使用 MSYS2 作为包管理工具：安装您想要的任何依赖项（有大量的 3rd 方库二进制文件可供使用），然后只需添加/mingw64/bin PATH并从任何地方调用编译器。如果项目使用 Unix 功能（例如
fork()或其他 Unix 系统调用），则可以使用 64 位 Cygwin，安装其编译器，并链接到 Cygwin dll。不建议这样做，因为这会带来性能（相对于将代码移植到 Win32 API 而言）和许可证损失（Cygwin DLL 是 GPL，这会强制您的程序以 GPL 兼容方式获得许可）。以下是使用免费工具为 64 位 Windows 编译 C 源文件的四种方法。如果您是学生，您也可以使用以下方法：
从 Dreamspark（如果您的大学/学院/学校与 Microsoft 就此达成协议）并使用它。几乎等同于第 1 点，除非您使用 MFC/ATL 和/或 VS 插件之类的东西，这些插件在 Express 版本中不起作用。
从教育产品网站下载英特尔编译器。但从第 5 点开始需要 Visual Studio Professional。不过，您需要修改 Makefile 才能使用英特尔编译器。
从此处下载 LLVM/Clang 编译器（Windows 快照版本）并将其与第 5 点。您需要修改 makefile 以调用 clang。
我知道这超出了您的要求，但我的高评价答案必须完整，对吧？
Since everyone here is oblivious to your clear 64-bit statement, I'll give a correct answer:
If the makefile is an Nmake makefile, you can install the Visual Studio Express for Windows Desktop, open a command prompt from the start menu (choose the one targetting 64-bit Windows),
cdto your project's directory, and runnmake. You'll need to modify the makefile to call cl and link.If the Makefile is a MinGW makefile, you will need mingw-w64's toolchains targetting Win64 (note also 32-bit toolchains are provided). I recommend the official builds provided through an installer or the ones installable from MSYS2 (see point 3). Install, open the MinGW-w64 command prompt,
cdto your projects directory, and runmingw32-make.If the Makefile is a Unix/MSYS makefile, I suggest using MSYS2. You can use the above toolchain, or do
pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-gccto install a toolchain from the MSYS2 shell. Be sure to either add/mingw64/bintoPATHor launch from the "MSYS2 MinGW-w64 64-bit" shortcut to use it. Note you can use MSYS2 as a package management tool only: install any dependency you want (there are tons of 3rd party library binaries ready for use) and just add the<MSYS2 root>/mingw64/bindirectory toPATHand call the compiler from anywhere.If the project uses Unix functionality (like
fork()or other Unix system calls), you can use 64-bit Cygwin, install its compiler, and link with the Cygwin dll. This is not recommended as there is a performance (well, relative to porting the code to Win32 APIs) and license penalty (The Cygwin DLL is GPL, which forces your program to be licensed in a GPL-compatible way).These are four ways of compiling a C source file for 64-bit Windows with free tools. If you are a student, you can probably use the following ways as well:
Download Visual Studio Professional from Dreamspark (if your university/college/school has an agreement with Microsoft for this) and use that. Pretty much equivalent to point 1 except if you use stuff like MFC/ATL and/or VS plugins, which don't work in the express version.
Download the Intel compiler from their Education offerings website. Requires Visual Studio Professional from point 5 though. You'll need to modify the Makefile to use the Intel compiler though.
Download the LLVM/Clang compiler from here (the Windows snapshot builds) and use it in conjunction with point 5. You'll need to modify the makefile to call clang.
I know this is more than what you asked for, but my high-rated answers need to be complete, right?
您可以使用 Visual C 并查看 nmake
请参阅：如何在 Visual Studio 中使用 makefile ？
You could use Visual C and look at nmake
see: How to use makefiles in Visual Studio?
您可以尝试 MinGW 来获得与 GCC 类似的 makefile。
You could try MinGW to have makefiles similar to GCC ones.
看看 http://www.cygwin.com/
Have a look at http://www.cygwin.com/
Code::Blocks 带有内置的 Mingw 环境，它应该只处理 makefile美好的。
Code::Blocks comes with a built in Mingw environment, which should handle makefiles just fine.