具有非分类关系的本体论
早上好，
我的工作目标是构建具有非分类关系的模块化本体。
我在将它们写入 owl 文件时遇到一些麻烦（我无法可视化类和限制之间的关系）。
我是本体领域的新手，所以我想以现有本体为例，看看如何定义非分类关系。
然而，我只知道 MeSH 和 GENE，而且它们只使用分类关系。 那么，网络上是否存在使用非分类学本体的已知本体？
谢谢。
good morning,
My work's goal is to build modular ontologies with non-taxonomic relations.
I have some troubles in writing them in an owl file (I can't visualize the relations between class and restrictions).
I am new at the ontology domain, so I want to take an exemple on existing ontologies, to see how non-taxonomic relations are defined.
However only those I know are MeSH and GENE and they only use taxonomic relations.
So, is there, on the web, any known ontology using non-taxonomic ones?
Thank you.
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最著名的扁平（分层）本体之一是 ConceptNet。它是一个由社区构建的常识知识库。它是麻省理工学院媒体实验室常识计算计划的项目之一。
下图是 ConceptNet 中节点和链接的一小部分：
One of the most notable flat (hierarchically) ontologies is the ConceptNet. It is a common sense knowledge base, built by the community. It is one of the projects of the Common Sense Computing Initiatives at the MIT Media Lab.
The following image is a small subset of nodes and links in ConceptNet:
如果通过非分类学，您不仅指子类关系或某种 is-a 关系，您是否寻找 dbpedia 或 音乐本体
或者“非分类关系”到底是什么意思？
If by non taxonomic, you mean not only subclass relations or some kind of is-a relation, did you look for dbpedia or music ontology
Or what do you mean exactly with "non-taxonomic relations"?
扩展以前的答案/评论...
SNOMED CT 充满了分类关系。具体来说，它使用 IS-A 关系来组织概念。然而，还有很多其他关系。
例如像这样的关系
然而，并非所有这些定义属性都被指定（要么尚未完成，或不可能），并且分类很重要，并且实际上很大程度上是通过分类（与许多本体论一样）由这些属性决定的
。考虑这些陈述 - “Biped 有 2 条腿”（已定义）& “人有两条腿”
分类器将推断两者之间的 IS-A 关系。
不管怎样，你可以“删除” IS-A 关系，但我认为你不会有任何有价值的东西，而且我不知道你为什么要排除分类关系..它们很重要。
顺便说一句，“乳腺癌影响女性”，如果您使用封闭世界假设，这是一个无效的陈述。男性也可能患乳腺癌。
最后，SNOMED CT 不是“OWL”格式 - 但可以转换成这样的格式（例如使用 Perl）。
To expand on previous answers/comments...
SNOMED CT is heavy with taxonmic relationships. Specifically it uses IS-A relationships to organise the concepts. However there are a lot of other relationships.
For example relationships like
However, not all these defining properties are specified (either not done yet, or not possible) and the taxonomy is important, and actually determined largely by these properties through classification (as with many ontologies)
For example. Consider these statements - "Biped HAS 2 Legs"(defined) & "Person HAS 2 Legs"
The classifier will infer an IS-A relationship between the two.
Anyway, you could 'delete' the IS-A relationships, but I don't think you'll have anything of value, and I don't know why you'd want to exclude taxanomic relationships.. They're significant.
BTW, "breast cancer affects women" if your using a closed world assumption this is an invalid statement. Men can also get breast cancer.
And Finally, SNOMED CT isn't 'in' OWL format - but can be transformed into such (e.g. Using Perl).
SNOMED CT 大量使用非分类关系，并且它是用 OWL 编写的，因此您可以准确地看到所有内容是如何实现的。
SNOMED CT heavily uses non-taxonomic relations, and it is written in OWL so you can see exactly how everything is implemented.