调用 WCF 服务操作时出现 HTTP 400 错误请求?
当我调用 http://localhost/TestService.svc/GetColors 时,我收到 Http (400) Bad要求。当我在 fiddler 中运行它时,我也收到错误请求。当我通过 wcf 测试客户端调用该服务时,它工作正常。什么可能导致这种情况?
服务契约:
[ServiceContract]
public interface ITestService
{
[OperationContract]
string GetColors();
}
ITestService 的实现:
[ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode=InstanceContextMode.Single)]
public class TestService : ITestService
{
public List<Color> GetColors()
{
List<Color> colors= new List<Color>();
colors.Add(new Color { Name = "Red", Code = "123" });
colors.Add(new Color { Name = "Blue", Code = "323" });
colors.Add(new Color { Name = "Green", Code = "3394" });
return colors;
}
}
这是我的 web.config:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<system.web>
<compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0"/>
</system.web>
<system.serviceModel>
<bindings>
<wsHttpBinding>
<binding name="CustomAuthentication">
<security mode="Message">
<message clientCredentialType="UserName"/>
</security>
</binding>
</wsHttpBinding>
</bindings>
<serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true"/>
<services>
<service name="TestService.TestService"
behaviorConfiguration="CustomValidator" >
<endpoint
address=""
binding="wsHttpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="CustomAuthentication"
contract="TestService.ITestService">
<identity>
<dns value="localhost" />
</identity>
</endpoint>
<endpoint
address="mex"
binding="mexHttpBinding"
contract="IMetadataExchange" />
<host>
<baseAddresses>
<add baseAddress="http://localhost/TestService/" />
</baseAddresses>
</host>
</service>
</services>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="CustomValidator">
<serviceCredentials>
<userNameAuthentication userNamePasswordValidationMode="Custom"
customUserNamePasswordValidatorType="TestService.CustomUserNameValidator, TestService"/>
<serviceCertificate findValue="Test" storeLocation="LocalMachine"
storeName="My" x509FindType="FindBySubjectName"/>
</serviceCredentials>
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
</behavior>
<behavior>
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
</system.serviceModel>
<system.webServer>
<modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
</system.webServer>
</configuration>
当我调用它时,我只需打开任何浏览器并输入 URL http://localhost/TestService.svc/GetColors
。如果我通过开发环境执行此操作,我会看到 Http 400 错误请求。如果我通过 IIS 执行此操作,我只会看到一个空白页。
这是 InnerException:
<ExceptionString>System.Xml.XmlException: The body of the message cannot be read
because it is empty.</ExceptionString>
关于我的 CustomUserNameValidation 的另一个问题:
我正在通过 UserNamePasswordValidator 的 Validate 方法实现自定义验证,但是当我通过 wcf 客户端调用类似 GetColors 之类的方法时,它不会调用 Validate 方法。我可以让它调用验证的唯一方法是直接在 GetColors 中调用 Validate(user,pass)。我认为如果你在 web.config 中正确设置了它,每次服务调用都会自动调用它。
When I call http://localhost/TestService.svc/GetColors, I get a Http (400) Bad Request. When I run this in fiddler, I also get Bad Request. When I invoke the service through the wcf test client, it works fine though. What could cause this?
Service contract:
[ServiceContract]
public interface ITestService
{
[OperationContract]
string GetColors();
}
Implementation of ITestService:
[ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode=InstanceContextMode.Single)]
public class TestService : ITestService
{
public List<Color> GetColors()
{
List<Color> colors= new List<Color>();
colors.Add(new Color { Name = "Red", Code = "123" });
colors.Add(new Color { Name = "Blue", Code = "323" });
colors.Add(new Color { Name = "Green", Code = "3394" });
return colors;
}
}
Here is my web.config:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<system.web>
<compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0"/>
</system.web>
<system.serviceModel>
<bindings>
<wsHttpBinding>
<binding name="CustomAuthentication">
<security mode="Message">
<message clientCredentialType="UserName"/>
</security>
</binding>
</wsHttpBinding>
</bindings>
<serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true"/>
<services>
<service name="TestService.TestService"
behaviorConfiguration="CustomValidator" >
<endpoint
address=""
binding="wsHttpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="CustomAuthentication"
contract="TestService.ITestService">
<identity>
<dns value="localhost" />
</identity>
</endpoint>
<endpoint
address="mex"
binding="mexHttpBinding"
contract="IMetadataExchange" />
<host>
<baseAddresses>
<add baseAddress="http://localhost/TestService/" />
</baseAddresses>
</host>
</service>
</services>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="CustomValidator">
<serviceCredentials>
<userNameAuthentication userNamePasswordValidationMode="Custom"
customUserNamePasswordValidatorType="TestService.CustomUserNameValidator, TestService"/>
<serviceCertificate findValue="Test" storeLocation="LocalMachine"
storeName="My" x509FindType="FindBySubjectName"/>
</serviceCredentials>
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
</behavior>
<behavior>
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
</system.serviceModel>
<system.webServer>
<modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
</system.webServer>
</configuration>
When I call it, I just open up a any browser and put the url http://localhost/TestService.svc/GetColors
. If I do it through the dev environment, I see the Http 400 bad request. If I do it through IIS, I just see a blank page.
Here is the InnerException:
<ExceptionString>System.Xml.XmlException: The body of the message cannot be read
because it is empty.</ExceptionString>
Another question regarding my CustomUserNameValidation:
I am implementing Custom Validation through the Validate Method of UserNamePasswordValidator, but when I call something like GetColors through the wcf client, it does not invoke the Validate method. The only way I can get it to Invoke validate is if I call Validate(user,pass) directly in GetColors. I thought it woulld be called automatically for every service call if you have it setup correctly in web.config.
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评论(2)
您的服务契约和服务实现似乎不匹配......
服务契约定义了从
GetColors()
返回的单个字符串
:但是实现返回一个
List
相反:您是否有可能更改服务实现,并且忘记更新服务合同?
另外:由于这是一个带有
wsHttpBinding
的 SOAP 服务,您不能仅通过浏览其地址来从浏览器调用该方法 - 您需要使用 WCF 测试客户端(正如你所说,这有效)。您也不能只从 Fiddler 调用它 - 您必须手动创建包含标头和正文等的整个 SOAP 信封 - 这根本不是一件容易的任务。您可以尝试访问
http://localhost/TestService.svc?wsdl
检查是否能获取该服务的正确 WSDL。Your service contract and service implementation don't seem to match....
The service contract defines a single
string
to be returned fromGetColors()
:But the implementation returns a
List<Color>
instead:Is there any chance you changed your service implementation, and forgot to update the service contract??
Also: since this is a SOAP service with a
wsHttpBinding
, you cannot just call the method from a browser by browsing to its address - you need to use the WCF Test Client (which works, as you say). Nor can you just call it from Fiddler, either - you would have to manually create the entire SOAP envelope with header and body and all - not an easy task at all.What you can try is to go to
http://localhost/TestService.svc?wsdl
to check whether you'll get back the proper WSDL for the service.很多事情都可能导致这种情况。我建议您首先启用 WCF 跟踪,它通常非常有用,因为它为您提供实际情况的服务器端输出。以下链接应该会有所帮助:如何启用 WCF 跟踪
编辑:WCF 需要注意的一点是:与自动生成的 ole' ASMX Web 服务不同,它不允许您使用标准浏览到基地址浏览器。您可以浏览到元数据地址(mex 地址),但不能浏览到根目录。这只是设计使然(我相信 HTTP 方法不受支持)。
Many things could cause this. I suggest you first enable WCF Tracing, it's usually very helpful as it gives you the server side output of what's really going on. Here is a link that should help: How to enable WCF tracing
EDIT: One little thing to note with WCF: unlike auto generated ole' ASMX web service it does not allow you to browse to the base address with a standard browser. You can browse to the Metadata address (the mex one), but not to the root. This is just by design (the HTTP method is not supported I believe).