git push heroku 失败，因为尝试安装开发 gem。 BUNDLE_WITHOUT 命令不起作用

Question

发出 git push heroku 命令后出现错误。这最初看起来像是通过使用 heroku config 命令来捆绑而不使用development:test gems 来解决的。然而，我使用了这个类似的文章中讨论的命令 [ Heroku 试图安装开发 gem，即使我告诉它不要安装]，但它仍然不起作用。

下面的推送消息中的“Using --withoutdevelopment:test”行似乎表明 BUNDLE_WITHOUT config 命令有效，所以也许这是一个 gemfile 或其他问题？

谢谢！

$ git push heroku
Counting objects: 64, done.
Delta compression using up to 2 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (42/42), done.
Writing objects: 100% (48/48), 6.03 KiB, done.
Total 48 (delta 15), reused 0 (delta 0)

-----> Heroku receiving push
-----> Rails app detected
-----> Detected Rails is not set to serve static_assets
       Installing rails3_serve_static_assets... done
-----> Configure Rails 3 to disable x-sendfile
       Installing rails3_disable_x_sendfile... done
-----> Configure Rails to log to stdout
       Installing rails_log_stdout... done
-----> Gemfile detected, running Bundler version 1.0.7
       Unresolved dependencies detected; Installing...
       Using --without development:test
       Fetching source index for http://rubygems.org/
       Installing rake (0.8.7) 
       Installing ZenTest (4.5.0) 
       Installing abstract (1.0.0) 
       Installing activesupport (3.0.3) 
       Installing builder (2.1.2) 
       Installing i18n (0.5.0) 
       Installing activemodel (3.0.3) 
       Installing erubis (2.6.6) 
       Installing rack (1.2.2) 
       Installing rack-mount (0.6.14) 
       Installing rack-test (0.5.7) 
       Installing tzinfo (0.3.25) 
       Installing actionpack (3.0.3) 
       Installing mime-types (1.16) 
       Installing polyglot (0.3.1) 
       Installing treetop (1.4.9) 
       Installing mail (2.2.15) 
       Installing actionmailer (3.0.3) 
       Installing arel (2.0.9) 
       Installing activerecord (3.0.3) 
       Installing activeresource (3.0.3) 
       Installing autotest (4.4.6) 
       Installing sys-uname (0.8.5) with native extensions 
       Installing autotest-fsevent (0.2.5) with native extensions /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/installer.rb:483:in `build_extensions': ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. (Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError)

       /usr/ruby1.8.7/bin/ruby extconf.rb 
       extconf.rb:19: Only Darwin (Mac OS X) systems are supported (RuntimeError)


       Gem files will remain installed in /disk1/tmp/build_258oz7hi5972n/.bundle/gems/ruby/1.8/gems/autotest-fsevent-0.2.5 for inspection.
       Results logged to /disk1/tmp/build_258oz7hi5972n/.bundle/gems/ruby/1.8/gems/autotest-fsevent-0.2.5/ext/fsevent/gem_make.out
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/installer.rb:446:in `each'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/installer.rb:446:in `build_extensions'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/installer.rb:198:in `install'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/source.rb:95:in `install'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/installer.rb:55:in `run'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb:12:in `each'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb:12:in `each'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/installer.rb:44:in `run'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/installer.rb:8:in `install'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/cli.rb:225:in `install'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/task.rb:22:in `send'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/task.rb:22:in `run'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/invocation.rb:118:in `invoke_task'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/vendor/thor.rb:246:in `dispatch'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/lib/bundler/vendor/thor/base.rb:389:in `start'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bundler-1.0.7/bin/bundle:13
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/bin/bundle:19:in `load'
        from /usr/ruby1.8.7/bin/bundle:19
       FAILED: http://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/bundler
 !     Heroku push rejected, failed to install gems via Bundler

error: hooks/pre-receive exited with error code 1
To [email protected]:blooming-mountain-199.git
 ! [remote rejected] master -> master (pre-receive hook declined)
error: failed to push some refs to '[email protected]:blooming-mountain-199.git'

宝石文件...

source 'http://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails', '3.0.3'

gem 'sqlite3', '1.3.3', :require => 'sqlite3'

gem 'gravatar_image_tag', '1.0.0.pre2'
gem 'will_paginate', '3.0.pre2'

gem "nokogiri"
gem "geokit"
gem "rack", "~>1.1"

group :development, :test do
  gem 'rspec-rails', '2.5.0'
  gem 'annotate-models', '1.0.4'
  gem 'faker', '0.3.1'
  gem 'autotest-fsevent' if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /darwin/
  gem 'rspec', '2.5.0'
  gem 'webrat', '0.7.1'
  gem 'spork', '0.9.0.rc4'
  gem 'factory_girl_rails', '1.0'

  gem 'ZenTest'
  gem 'autotest'
  gem 'autotest-rails'
  gem 'autotest-growl'
end

Answer 1

嗯，问题显然是当你推送到 Heroku 时加载 autotest-fsevent，它不是基于 Darwin 的。尽管您在 gem 'autotest-fsevent' 语句后面确实有一个条件，但当您部署到 Heroku 时，gem 仍会尝试加载。造成这种情况的可能原因有两个。

首先，另一个宝石需要它。如果不出意外的话，autotest-growl 也应该是仅限 Darwin 的。我不确定这些是否相关，但我仍然会仔细检查。

下一个问题是确保 Gemfile.lock 不会被推送。如果您上次在 Darwin 上运行 bundle install，gem 可能会以这种方式锁定到依赖项中。在提交并推送到 Heroku 之前，git rm Gemfile.lock。

最后，我最喜欢的解决方案是不使用自动测试。我不确定这是否适合您，但当我使用 RSpec 和 Cucumber 时，我发现它很烦人。我意识到最后一个建议是没有答案的，但我不喜欢包含依赖于平台的 gem，即使在测试中， 只是因为当你进行登台时，像这样的小烦恼有被裁剪的倾向向上。

我不确定为什么 Rails 教程仍然使用 ZenTest 和自动测试，我不知道有谁这样做...这可能会改变，一位朋友参加了 RailsConf 的 Rails 教程会议，并说 Michael 实际上在会议期间注意到了勘误表教程，所以也许未来的版本会有所不同。

最后一点，出于好奇，如果您使用的是 OS X，您是如何安装 Ruby 的？它位于一个非常奇怪的地方。