使用自定义环境运行命令行
在 Ruby 中，我希望能够：
- 运行命令行（通过 shell）
- 捕获 stdout 和 stderr（最好作为单个流），而不使用
>2&1（这里的某些命令失败） - 使用附加环境变量运行（无需修改 ruby 程序本身的环境）
我了解到 Open3 允许我执行 1 和 2。
cmd = 'a_prog --arg ... --arg2 ...'
Open3.popen3("#{cmd}") { |i,o,e|
output = o.read()
error = e.read()
# FIXME: don't want to *separate out* stderr like this
repr = "$ #{cmd}\n#{output}"
}
我还了解到 popen 允许您传递环境，但在指定命令行时不能。
如何编写同时完成这三个任务的代码？
...
换句话来说，以下 Python 代码的 Ruby 等价物是什么？
>>> import os, subprocess
>>> env = os.environ.copy()
>>> env['MYVAR'] = 'a_value'
>>> subprocess.check_output('ls -l /notexist', env=env, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, shell=True)
In Ruby, I want to be able to:
- run a command line (via shell)
- capture both stdout and stderr (preferably as single stream) without using
>2&1(which fails for some commands here) - run with additional enviornment variables (without modifying the environment of the ruby program itself)
I learned that Open3 allows me to do 1 and 2.
cmd = 'a_prog --arg ... --arg2 ...'
Open3.popen3("#{cmd}") { |i,o,e|
output = o.read()
error = e.read()
# FIXME: don't want to *separate out* stderr like this
repr = "$ #{cmd}\n#{output}"
}
I also learned that popen allows you to pass an environment but not when specifying the commandline.
How do I write code that does all the three?
...
Put differently, what is the Ruby equivalent of the following Python code?
>>> import os, subprocess
>>> env = os.environ.copy()
>>> env['MYVAR'] = 'a_value'
>>> subprocess.check_output('ls -l /notexist', env=env, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, shell=True)
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Open.popen3可以选择接受哈希作为第一个参数（在这种情况下，您的命令将是第二个参数：Open使用Process.spawn来启动命令，这样你就可以查看Process.spawn的文档 查看全部这是选项。Open.popen3optionally accepts a hash as the first argument (in which case your command would be the second argument:OpenusesProcess.spawnto start the command, so you can look at the documentation for Process.spawn to see all of it's options.