如何获取当前运行的实际窗口的标题？

Question

我有一个问题：我只需要获取列表中所有窗口的标题，我所说的标题是指“记事本”、“总指挥官” - 只是窗口顶部边缘显示的文本。

到目前为止我已经到达这里

function EnumWindowProc(hHwnd: HWND; lParam : integer): boolean; stdcall;
var
  pPid : DWORD;
  title, ClassName : string;
begin
  if (hHwnd=NULL) then
  begin
    result := false;
  end
  else
  begin
    GetWindowThreadProcessId(hHwnd,pPid);
    SetLength(ClassName, 255);
    SetLength(ClassName,
              GetClassName(hHwnd,
                           PChar(className),
                           Length(className)));
    SetLength(title, 255);
    SetLength(title, GetWindowText(hHwnd, PChar(title), Length(title)));
    OptionsForm.ListBox1.Items.Add(title);
    OptionsForm.Memo1.Lines.Add
      ('Class Name = ' + className +
       '; Title = ' + title +
       '; HWND = ' + IntToStr(hHwnd) +
       '; Pid = ' + IntToStr(pPid));
    Result := true;
  end;
end;

但是，它返回各种“窗口”，不同的表单焦点等。我怎样才能只获得“主要”窗口？

以下是结果示例：

Class Name = Shell_TrayWnd; Title = ; HWND = 65898; Pid = 3776
Class Name = CiceroUIWndFrame; Title = CiceroUIWndFrame; HWND = 65976; Pid = 3776
Class Name = THelpInsightWindowImpl; Title = HelpInsightWindow; HWND = 1577734; Pid = 4852
Class Name = THelpInsightWindowImpl; Title = HelpInsightWindow; HWND = 591660; Pid = 4852
Class Name = TTokenWindow; Title = CodeParamWindow; HWND = 985436; Pid = 4852
Class Name = TaskSwitcherWnd; Title = Přepínání úloh; HWND = 66824; Pid = 3776
Class Name = tooltips_class32; Title = ; HWND = 198982; Pid = 1768
Class Name = tooltips_class32; Title = ; HWND = 66046; Pid = 3776
Class Name = _SearchEditBoxFakeWindow; Title = ; HWND = 66024; Pid = 3776
Class Name = tooltips_class32; Title = ; HWND = 66008; Pid = 3776
Class Name = tooltips_class32; Title = ; HWND = 131538; Pid = 3776
Class Name = Desktop User Picture; Title = Magicmaster; HWND = 65982; Pid = 3776
Class Name = DV2ControlHost; Title = Nabídka Start; HWND = 65978; Pid = 3776
Class Name = tooltips_class32; Title = ; HWND = 327840; Pid = 1768
Class Name = tooltips_class32; Title = ; HWND = 460808; Pid = 1768
Class Name = CTSCTooltip; Title = ; HWND = 266710; Pid = 2792
Class Name = Auto-Suggest Dropdown; Title = ; HWND = 69884; Pid = 4732
Class Name = Auto-Suggest Dropdown; Title = ; HWND = 69802; Pid = 4732
Class Name = TaskbarNotifierClass; Title = DAP Message Center; HWND = 68924; Pid = 4732
Class Name = tooltips_class32; Title = ; HWND = 134356; Pid = 1992
Class Name = ATKOSD; Title = ATKOSD; HWND = 65884; Pid = 3636

提前谢谢您！

Answer 1

重要信息包含在 MSDN 主题中，描述任务栏。本质上，您需要枚举顶级窗口并挑选出那些可见、无主且具有 WS_EX_APPWINDOW 窗口样式的窗口。

该程序向您展示了它是如何完成的：

program EnumTaskbarWindows;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses
  SysUtils, Windows;

function EnumWindowsProc(hwnd: HWND; lParam: LPARAM): BOOL; stdcall;
var
  s: string;
  len: Integer;
  IsVisible, IsOwned, IsAppWindow: Boolean;
begin
  Result := True;//carry on enumerating

  IsVisible := IsWindowVisible(hwnd);
  if not IsVisible then
    exit;

  IsOwned := GetWindow(hwnd, GW_OWNER)<>0;
  if IsOwned then
    exit;

  IsAppWindow := GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWL_STYLE) and WS_EX_APPWINDOW<>0;
  if not IsAppWindow then
    exit;
  
  len := GetWindowTextLength(hwnd);
  if len = 0 then
    exit;
  SetLength(s, len);
  GetWindowText(hwnd, PChar(s), len+1);
  Writeln(s);
end;

begin
  EnumWindows(@EnumWindowsProc, 0);
end.

Answer 2

您想要检查这些窗口的属性。例如，排除任何不可见的窗口。您可以使用 GetWindowInfo 来执行此操作。要查找的属性：无标题（dwStyle 中缺少 WS_CAPTION），或不可见（WS_VISIBLE 标志）。您可能还想检查移出屏幕的窗口，但这有点棘手（可能有多个监视器，即使偏移量为负）