通过 Reflection.Emit 生成代理仅在使用调试启动时有效
大学时的一个任务是使用 Reflection.Emit 实现一个简单的代理生成器/拦截器机制。 我想出了以下程序。
它似乎在调试模式 [F5]
(调试 -> 开始调试)下在 Visual Studio 中工作得很好,但在不调试的情况下启动时大多数时候会崩溃[Ctrl + F5](调试->开始而不调试)。
这两种模式有什么区别? (我不指的是调试<>发布模式)。 该问题出现在多台计算机/设置上(Win XP SP3 32 位和 64 位、Windows 7 32 位)。
点击获取pastebin。
// The proxy generator; I assume that the error is buried along the lines emitting the IL code
public static class ProxyGenerator
{
public static T Create<T>(object obj, IInterception interception)
{
Type type = obj.GetType();
TypeBuilder proxy = DefineProxy(type);
FieldBuilder wrappedField = DefinePrivateField(proxy, "wrappedObject", type);
FieldBuilder interceptionField = DefinePrivateField(proxy, "interception", interception.GetType());
DefineConstructor(proxy, wrappedField, interceptionField);
DefineInterfaceMethods(type, proxy, wrappedField, interceptionField);
return (T) Activator.CreateInstance(proxy.CreateType(), obj, interception);
}
private static TypeBuilder DefineProxy(Type type)
{
var assemblyName = new AssemblyName {Name = "GeneratedProxyAssembly"};
AssemblyBuilder assemblyBuilder = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(
assemblyName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.Run);
ModuleBuilder moduleBuilder = assemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule("GeneratedProxyModule");
return moduleBuilder.DefineType(
type.Name + "Proxy",
type.Attributes,
typeof (object),
type.GetInterfaces());
}
private static FieldBuilder DefinePrivateField(TypeBuilder typeBuilder, string fieldName, Type fieldType)
{
return typeBuilder.DefineField(fieldName, fieldType, FieldAttributes.Private);
}
private static void DefineConstructor(TypeBuilder typeBuilder, params FieldBuilder[] parameters)
{
ConstructorBuilder ctor = typeBuilder.DefineConstructor(
MethodAttributes.Public, CallingConventions.Standard, parameters.Select(f => f.FieldType).ToArray());
// Emit constructor
ILGenerator g = ctor.GetILGenerator();
// Load "this" pointer and call base constructor
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
g.Emit(OpCodes.Call, typeof(object).GetConstructor(new Type[0]));
// Store parameters in private fields
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.Length; i++)
{
// Load "this" pointer and parameter and store paramater in private field
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg, i + 1);
g.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, parameters[i]);
}
// Return
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
}
private static void DefineInterfaceMethods(Type type, TypeBuilder proxy, FieldInfo wrappedField, FieldInfo interceptionField)
{
// Loop through all interface methods
foreach (MethodInfo interfaceMethod in type.GetInterfaces().SelectMany(i => i.GetMethods()))
{
MethodInfo method = type.GetMethod(interfaceMethod.Name);
MethodBuilder methodBuilder = proxy.DefineMethod(
method.Name,
method.Attributes,
method.ReturnType,
method.GetParameters().Select(p => p.ParameterType).ToArray());
// Emit method
ILGenerator g = methodBuilder.GetILGenerator();
// Intercept before
EmitMethodCallOnMember(g, interceptionField, "Before", false);
// Delegate method call
EmitMethodCallOnMember(g, wrappedField, method.Name, true);
// Intercept after
EmitMethodCallOnMember(g, interceptionField, "After", false);
// Return
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
}
}
private static void EmitMethodCallOnMember(ILGenerator g, FieldInfo field, string methodName, bool delegateParameters)
{
// Load "this" pointer to get address of field
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ldflda, field);
MethodInfo method = field.FieldType.GetMethod(methodName);
if (delegateParameters)
{
// Load method parameters
for (int i = 0; i < method.GetParameters().Length; i++)
{
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg, i + 1);
}
}
// Emit call
g.Emit(OpCodes.Call, method);
}
}
// Some infrastructure
public interface IInterception
{
void Before();
void After();
}
public class LogInterception : IInterception
{
public void Before()
{
Console.WriteLine("Before ... ");
}
public void After()
{
Console.WriteLine("... After");
}
}
public interface ITest
{
string DoSomething(string s1, string s2);
}
public class Test : ITest
{
public string DoSomething(string s1, string s2)
{
Console.WriteLine("... doing something ...");
return s1 + s2;
}
}
// The test program, expected output is down below
internal class Program
{
internal static void Main(string[] args)
{
var test = new Test();
var proxy = ProxyGenerator.Create<ITest>(test, new LogInterception());
Console.WriteLine(test.DoSomething("Hello", " World"));
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine(proxy.DoSomething("Hello", " World"));
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
另一个问题:缩小此类问题范围的最佳方法是什么? 我尝试将生成的程序集保存到磁盘并在 Reflector 中打开生成的 dll,但它似乎是空的。
如上所述,当在调试模式下启动时,程序似乎可以工作并打印以下输出。
... doing something ...
Hello World
----------------------------------------
Before ...
... doing something ...
... After
Hello World
感谢您抽出时间。
A task at university was to implement a simple proxy generator / interceptor mechanism using Reflection.Emit.
I came up with the following program.
It seems to work just fine inside Visual Studio in debug mode [F5]
(Debug -> Start Debugging) but crashes most of the time when started without debugging [Ctrl + F5]
(Debug -> Start Without Debugging).
What is the difference between these two modes? (I do not refer to Debug <> Release mode).
The issue occurs on multiple machines/setups (Win XP SP3 32bit and 64bit, Windows 7 32bit).
Click for pastebin.
// The proxy generator; I assume that the error is buried along the lines emitting the IL code
public static class ProxyGenerator
{
public static T Create<T>(object obj, IInterception interception)
{
Type type = obj.GetType();
TypeBuilder proxy = DefineProxy(type);
FieldBuilder wrappedField = DefinePrivateField(proxy, "wrappedObject", type);
FieldBuilder interceptionField = DefinePrivateField(proxy, "interception", interception.GetType());
DefineConstructor(proxy, wrappedField, interceptionField);
DefineInterfaceMethods(type, proxy, wrappedField, interceptionField);
return (T) Activator.CreateInstance(proxy.CreateType(), obj, interception);
}
private static TypeBuilder DefineProxy(Type type)
{
var assemblyName = new AssemblyName {Name = "GeneratedProxyAssembly"};
AssemblyBuilder assemblyBuilder = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(
assemblyName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.Run);
ModuleBuilder moduleBuilder = assemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule("GeneratedProxyModule");
return moduleBuilder.DefineType(
type.Name + "Proxy",
type.Attributes,
typeof (object),
type.GetInterfaces());
}
private static FieldBuilder DefinePrivateField(TypeBuilder typeBuilder, string fieldName, Type fieldType)
{
return typeBuilder.DefineField(fieldName, fieldType, FieldAttributes.Private);
}
private static void DefineConstructor(TypeBuilder typeBuilder, params FieldBuilder[] parameters)
{
ConstructorBuilder ctor = typeBuilder.DefineConstructor(
MethodAttributes.Public, CallingConventions.Standard, parameters.Select(f => f.FieldType).ToArray());
// Emit constructor
ILGenerator g = ctor.GetILGenerator();
// Load "this" pointer and call base constructor
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
g.Emit(OpCodes.Call, typeof(object).GetConstructor(new Type[0]));
// Store parameters in private fields
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.Length; i++)
{
// Load "this" pointer and parameter and store paramater in private field
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg, i + 1);
g.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, parameters[i]);
}
// Return
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
}
private static void DefineInterfaceMethods(Type type, TypeBuilder proxy, FieldInfo wrappedField, FieldInfo interceptionField)
{
// Loop through all interface methods
foreach (MethodInfo interfaceMethod in type.GetInterfaces().SelectMany(i => i.GetMethods()))
{
MethodInfo method = type.GetMethod(interfaceMethod.Name);
MethodBuilder methodBuilder = proxy.DefineMethod(
method.Name,
method.Attributes,
method.ReturnType,
method.GetParameters().Select(p => p.ParameterType).ToArray());
// Emit method
ILGenerator g = methodBuilder.GetILGenerator();
// Intercept before
EmitMethodCallOnMember(g, interceptionField, "Before", false);
// Delegate method call
EmitMethodCallOnMember(g, wrappedField, method.Name, true);
// Intercept after
EmitMethodCallOnMember(g, interceptionField, "After", false);
// Return
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
}
}
private static void EmitMethodCallOnMember(ILGenerator g, FieldInfo field, string methodName, bool delegateParameters)
{
// Load "this" pointer to get address of field
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ldflda, field);
MethodInfo method = field.FieldType.GetMethod(methodName);
if (delegateParameters)
{
// Load method parameters
for (int i = 0; i < method.GetParameters().Length; i++)
{
g.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg, i + 1);
}
}
// Emit call
g.Emit(OpCodes.Call, method);
}
}
// Some infrastructure
public interface IInterception
{
void Before();
void After();
}
public class LogInterception : IInterception
{
public void Before()
{
Console.WriteLine("Before ... ");
}
public void After()
{
Console.WriteLine("... After");
}
}
public interface ITest
{
string DoSomething(string s1, string s2);
}
public class Test : ITest
{
public string DoSomething(string s1, string s2)
{
Console.WriteLine("... doing something ...");
return s1 + s2;
}
}
// The test program, expected output is down below
internal class Program
{
internal static void Main(string[] args)
{
var test = new Test();
var proxy = ProxyGenerator.Create<ITest>(test, new LogInterception());
Console.WriteLine(test.DoSomething("Hello", " World"));
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine(proxy.DoSomething("Hello", " World"));
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
Another question: What's the best way to narrow down such issues?
I tried to save the generated assembly to disk and open the resulting dll in Reflector but it appeared to be empty.
As mentioned above, when started in debug mode the program seems to work and prints the following output.
... doing something ...
Hello World
----------------------------------------
Before ...
... doing something ...
... After
Hello World
Thanks for your time.
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尝试在项目设置选项卡上显式设置x86
模式。仅当在x64
或中运行程序时,我才遇到致命异常AnyCpu 模式。
啊,我明白了。将
Ldflda
替换为Ldfld
。即使没有调试器它也能正常工作(我刚刚运行了.exe)。Ldflda
用于使用ref
或out
关键字作为参数传递到方法中的字段。Try to explicitly setx86
mode on project settings tab.I got the fatal exception only when run program in
x64
orAnyCpu
mode.Ah, I've got it. Replace
Ldflda
withLdfld
. It works fine even without debugger (I just ran .exe).Ldflda
is for fields you pass into method as parameters withref
orout
keyword.