为什么在 SQL Server CLR 中运行的一个函数可能会导致崩溃,而在独立应用程序中运行正常?
下面这两种方法类似,只是一种方法处理空值,另一种则不处理。为了处理空值,它使用 SqlString 类型并检查“get_IsNull”属性。
为什么第一个可能会在 SQL CLR 内运行时导致错误“执行用户定义例程或聚合“CheckMailingAddress”时发生 .NET Framework 错误:.”
,而第二个则不会?
特别是,TSQL 错误为 “Msg 10329,Level 16,State 49,Line 1 .Net Framework 执行已中止。”
.method public hidebysig static bool CheckMailingAddress(valuetype [System.Data]System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlString param0) cil managed
{
.maxstack 8
L_0000: ldarga.s param0
L_0002: nop
L_0003: nop
L_0004: call instance bool [System.Data]System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlString::get_IsNull()
L_0009: brfalse L_0010
L_000e: ldc.i4.1
L_000f: ret
L_0010: ldarga.s param0
L_0012: nop
L_0013: nop
L_0014: call instance string [System.Data]System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlString::get_Value()
L_0019: call class DatabaseValues.MailingAddress DatabaseValues.MailingAddress::op_Explicit(string)
L_001e: pop
L_001f: ldc.i4.1
L_0020: ret
}
.method public hidebysig static bool CheckMailingAddress(string param0) cil managed
{
.maxstack 8
L_0000: ldarg.0
L_0001: call class DatabaseValues.CheckMailingAddress DatabaseValues.CheckMailingAddress::op_Explicit(string)
L_0006: pop
L_0007: ldc.i4.1
L_0008: ret
}
请记住,据我所知,MSIL 是正确的,因为当在独立应用程序中调用时,这两种方法都有效。仅当在 SQL CLR 内部调用时,两者中的第一个才会崩溃。在 SQL CLR 中,该函数是使用“nvarchar(4000)”类型定义的,据我所知,该类型应该与 SqlString 配合良好。
我可能也可以使用“string”实现第一个方法,并且仍然执行 null 检查,但它使用 SqlString 来利用 INullable 接口属性“IsNull”和“Value”,因为它是通用代码生成器的一部分,而其他可以使用 Sql* 类型。
简单问题总结:
对于那些被方法体中的 MSIL 分散注意力的人;忽略它。我重新编译了这些函数,什么都不做,我的观点是,当输入类型是“SqlString”而不是“string”时,CLR 会崩溃并终止,没有错误消息,并且返回值是 NULL 而不是真的。
//Crashes when input parameter is "SqlString"
.method public hidebysig static bool CheckMailingAddress(valuetype [System.Data]System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlString param0) cil managed
{
.maxstack 8
L_001f: ldc.i4.1
L_0020: ret
}
//Doesn't Crash when input parameter is "string"
.method public hidebysig static bool CheckMailingAddress(string param0) cil managed
{
.maxstack 8
L_0007: ldc.i4.1
L_0008: ret
}
These two methods below are similar, except one handles null values and the other does not. To handle null values, it uses SqlString type and checks the "get_IsNull" property.
Why might the first one be causing the error "A .NET Framework error occurred during execution of user-defined routine or aggregate "CheckMailingAddress": ."
when run inside SQL CLR, while the second one does not?
In particular, the TSQL error is "Msg 10329, Level 16, State 49, Line 1 .Net Framework execution was aborted."
.method public hidebysig static bool CheckMailingAddress(valuetype [System.Data]System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlString param0) cil managed
{
.maxstack 8
L_0000: ldarga.s param0
L_0002: nop
L_0003: nop
L_0004: call instance bool [System.Data]System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlString::get_IsNull()
L_0009: brfalse L_0010
L_000e: ldc.i4.1
L_000f: ret
L_0010: ldarga.s param0
L_0012: nop
L_0013: nop
L_0014: call instance string [System.Data]System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlString::get_Value()
L_0019: call class DatabaseValues.MailingAddress DatabaseValues.MailingAddress::op_Explicit(string)
L_001e: pop
L_001f: ldc.i4.1
L_0020: ret
}
.method public hidebysig static bool CheckMailingAddress(string param0) cil managed
{
.maxstack 8
L_0000: ldarg.0
L_0001: call class DatabaseValues.CheckMailingAddress DatabaseValues.CheckMailingAddress::op_Explicit(string)
L_0006: pop
L_0007: ldc.i4.1
L_0008: ret
}
Keep in mind, the MSIL is correct as as far as I know, because both of these methods work when called in a standalone app. It's only when called inside SQL CLR that the first of the two crashes. In the SQL CLR, the function is defined with the "nvarchar(4000)" type, which should play nice with SqlString as far as I know.
I could probably implement the first method using "string" as well and still do the null check, but it uses SqlString to take advantage of the INullable interface properties "IsNull" and "Value", because it's part of a generic code generator where other Sql* types could be used.
SIMPLE PROBLEM SUMMARY:
For those distracted by the MSIL in the method body; ignore it. I recompiled the functions to do nothing at all, and my point is that when "SqlString", rather than "string", is the input type, the CLR blows up and terminates with no error message, and the return value is NULL rather than TRUE.
//Crashes when input parameter is "SqlString"
.method public hidebysig static bool CheckMailingAddress(valuetype [System.Data]System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlString param0) cil managed
{
.maxstack 8
L_001f: ldc.i4.1
L_0020: ret
}
//Doesn't Crash when input parameter is "string"
.method public hidebysig static bool CheckMailingAddress(string param0) cil managed
{
.maxstack 8
L_0007: ldc.i4.1
L_0008: ret
}
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我找到了问题的根源,并能够解决它,但我不确定细节。
在某个时候,我将 DeployDatabaseAssembly 项目切换为面向 .NET 4.0,并且 AssemblyBuilder 也必须生成面向 .NET 4.0 的程序集。将项目切换到目标 .NET 3.5 解决了该问题。
有趣的是,包含我所有数据类型的源 DLL (database.dll) 仍然以 .NET 3.5 为目标,并且是故意保留的,因为我知道 SQL Server 现在仅支持 CLR 2.0,这实际上使其与 .NET 4.0 不兼容,因为.NET 4.0 似乎需要 CLR 4.0。使用 ILMerge,我将包含生成函数的动态程序集与现有的 (.NET 3.5) database.dll 相结合。这最终导致了混合程序集 .NET 4.0 程序集,主要基于 .NET 3.5 功能和类。奇怪的是,我能够让使用基本“String”和“int”类型参数的函数正常工作,但 SqlString 类型导致崩溃......显然是因为它是从 .NET 4.0 System.Data.dll 中提取的,因为它在我的 DeployDatabaseAssembly 中被引用为“typeof(SqlString)”,它的目标是 .NET 4.0。奇怪的是,它崩溃了,没有任何类型的错误消息,也没有任何关于它与加载的 SQL CLR 模块不兼容的警告。
我希望我知道一种方法来强制在 .NET 4.0 应用程序中运行的 AssemblyBuilder 生成针对 .NET 3.5 的程序集...
更新:问题彻底解决了
我专注于 ILMerge 的输出,然后继续将 DeployDatabaseAssembly 切换回 .NET 4.0。顺便说一句,我在我的项目中使用 ILMerge 作为参考,因为它是一个 .NET 程序集。
通过像这样设置 ILMerge 选项:
生成的 DLL 部署到 SQL Server(就像以前一样),但这次实际上运行时没有错误。
有趣的是,如果我仅将目标平台路径中的“v3.5”替换为“v4.0”并尝试将程序集部署到 SQL Server,那么我会在部署期间立即收到一条有用的错误消息“CREATE ASSEMBLY for程序集“我的程序集名称”失败,因为该程序集是为不受支持的 CLR 运行时版本构建的。”。奇怪的是,当我根本没有设置任何目标平台时,它会部署得很好,但在没有任何错误消息的情况下崩溃了。
下表总结了上述配置组合和结果:
I found the source of the problem, and was able to resolve it, but I'm not sure about the details.
At some point I switched my DeployDatabaseAssembly project to target .NET 4.0, and AssemblyBuilder must have generated an assembly that targets .NET 4.0 as well. Switching the project to target .NET 3.5 fixed the problem.
What's funny is the source DLL (database.dll) that contains all my datatypes is still targetting .NET 3.5, and was left that way intentionally because I knew SQL Server only supports CLR 2.0 right now, which effectively makes it incompatible with .NET 4.0, because .NET 4.0 seems to require CLR 4.0. Using ILMerge, I was combining the dynamic assembly containing the generated functions with my existing (.NET 3.5) database.dll. This ultimately resulted in hybrid assembly .NET 4.0 assembly that was mostly based on .NET 3.5 features and classes. It's strange that I was able to get functions to work that used the basic "String" and "int" type parameters, but the SqlString type was causing crashes... obviously because it was being pulled from .NET 4.0 System.Data.dll, since it was referenced as "typeof(SqlString)" in my DeployDatabaseAssembly, which was targetting .NET 4.0. It's just weird how that was crashing without any kind of error message or without any kind of warnings about it being incompatible with the loaded SQL CLR modules.
I wish I knew a way to force AssemblyBuilder running in a .NET 4.0 app to generate an assembly targeting .NET 3.5...
Update: Problem thoroughly solved
I focused on the output of ILMerge and went ahead and switched the DeployDatabaseAssembly back to .NET 4.0. By the way, I use ILMerge as a reference in my project, since it's a .NET assembly.
By setting the ILMerge option like this:
The resulting DLL deploys to SQL Server (as it did before), but it actually runs without errors this time.
Interestingly, if I replace just the "v3.5" in the target platform path with "v4.0" and try to deploy the assembly to SQL Server, then I get a useful error message immediately during deployment "CREATE ASSEMBLY for assembly 'my assembly name' failed because the assembly is built for an unsupported version of the CLR runtime.". It's odd that when I wasn't setting any target platform at all, it would deploy fine, but was crashing without any error message.
This table summarizes the above configuration combinations and results: