“推荐链接”如何？发现了？
Google Analytics 等服务如何在用户点击您的网站之前发现用户正在使用的网站。这些通常称为推荐。
我不是在谈论“特殊链接”往往包含 URL 变量的联属帐户，而是仅出现在您网站上的服务，他们怎么可能看到用户来自哪里？
到目前为止，我的有根据的猜测包括：
- 推荐网站还包括服务代码
- 推荐网站使用集中服务来读取跟踪 cookie，这些 cookie 也在您的网站上读取
这些似乎都不完全正确 - 那么他们是如何做到的呢？
How do services such as Google Analytics discover the website that a user was using prior to them clicking through to your site. These are commonly called referrals.
I'm not talking about affiliate accounts where 'special links' tend to have a URL variable included but instead services that only appear on your site, how can they possibly see where the user came from?
My educated guesses so far include:
- The referral website also includes the services code
- The referral website used a centralised service to read tracking cookies which are also read on your site
Neither of these seem quite correct - so how do they do it?
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浏览器发送一个“Referer”标头，其中包含他们单击的触发新页面加载的链接的 URL。
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_referrer
这取决于客户端（在这种情况下浏览器）来传递正确的值。这意味着它不能 100% 可信。事实上，一些非常古老的“安全”措施涉及保护内容，除非通过某个站点或页面进行访问。您可以通过 Referer“欺骗”来愚弄这种安全方法，通过发送不同的 Referer 标头，让浏览器谎报其来源。
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Referrer_spoofing
The browser sends along a "Referer" header, which has the url of the link they clicked that triggered the load of a new page.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_referrer
It's up to client (in the case the browser) to pass along that proper value. Which means it can't be 100% trusted. In fact some very old school "security" measures involved protecting content unless access through a certain site or page. You could fool this method of security with Referer "spoofing" where you make your browser lie about where it came from by sending different referer headers.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Referrer_spoofing