scala:重用子类实现作为两个不同类的子类?

发布于 2024-11-04 05:20:48 字数 730 浏览 4 评论 0原文

为了简化我的实际代码,假设有两个类,一个是另一个的子类:

class Chair {
   val canFold = false;
   // ...
}

class FoldableChair extends Chair {
   val canFold = true;
   // ...
} 

在我的实现中,我可能有数百个 Chair 或 FoldableChair 的其他子类:

class Armchair extends ... {}
class DeckChair extends ... {} 
//... etc

对于这些子类中的每一个,假设每个子类都有一个很长的实现,但是我希望能够让它有时扩展 Chair,有时扩展 FoldableChair - 而不重复代码。我想这样做而不扩展子类本身。这有可能吗?我需要使用特征来做到这一点吗?

我还希望能够创建子类的特定实例,有时扩展 Chair,有时扩展 FoldableChair,但这种选择是在实例化它时做出的。这也可能吗?谢谢!

编辑:澄清一下,我真正想要的是:

class Armchair extends Chair {}

class ArmchairFoldable extends FoldableChair {}

但是 Armchair 和 ArmchairFoldable 的实现完全相同。也就是说,我不想重复他们的实现。

To simplify my actual code let's say there are two classes, one a subclass of the other:

class Chair {
   val canFold = false;
   // ...
}

class FoldableChair extends Chair {
   val canFold = true;
   // ...
} 

and in my implementation I will have potentially hundreds of other subclasses of Chair or FoldableChair:

class Armchair extends ... {}
class DeckChair extends ... {} 
//... etc

For each of these subclasses, suppose each one has a lengthy implementation but I want to be able to have it sometimes extend Chair and sometimes extend FoldableChair - without duplicating the code. I'd like to do so without having the subclass itself be extended. Is this possible somehow? Do I need to use traits to do this?

I'd also like to be able to create particular instances of a subclass which sometimes extend Chair and sometimes extend FoldableChair, but that choice is made when instantiating it. Is this possible too? Thanks!

Edit: to clarify, what I really want is this:

class Armchair extends Chair {}

class ArmchairFoldable extends FoldableChair {}

but the implementation of Armchair and ArmchairFoldable are exactly the same. That is, I'd like to not duplicate their implementations.

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南街九尾狐 2024-11-11 05:20:48

您可以使用实现特征;即,与类混合并为其他成员提供实现的特征。

示例:

class Chair {
   // you can use a def rather than a val as it's constant and
   // and doesn't need to occupy a field
   def canFold = false

   // ...
}

class FoldableChair extends Chair {
   override def canFold = true
   // ...
}

trait Extensible extends Chair {
    // this trait extends Chair to mean that it is only
    // applicable to Chair or subclasses of Chair
    def extend = /* ... */
}

class FoldableExtensibleChair extends FoldableChair with Extensible

那么你可以这样写:

val a = new Chair // bare-bones chair

// decide at creation time that this one is extensible
val b = new Chair with Extensible

val c = new FoldableChair // non extensible

// use predefined class which already mixes in Extensible
val d = new FoldableExtensibleChair 

You can use an implementation trait; i.e., a trait that you mix in with a class and that provides additional members with their implementation.

Example:

class Chair {
   // you can use a def rather than a val as it's constant and
   // and doesn't need to occupy a field
   def canFold = false

   // ...
}

class FoldableChair extends Chair {
   override def canFold = true
   // ...
}

trait Extensible extends Chair {
    // this trait extends Chair to mean that it is only
    // applicable to Chair or subclasses of Chair
    def extend = /* ... */
}

class FoldableExtensibleChair extends FoldableChair with Extensible

Then you can write:

val a = new Chair // bare-bones chair

// decide at creation time that this one is extensible
val b = new Chair with Extensible

val c = new FoldableChair // non extensible

// use predefined class which already mixes in Extensible
val d = new FoldableExtensibleChair 
~没有更多了~
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