帮我在 Ubuntu 上设置 cron 作业
你好 :) 我想要一款每 20 分钟通知一次的应用程序，并决定使用 Tomboy 笔记自己开发一个。我阅读了有关 crontab 的信息，并通过 sudo crontab -e 命令设置了一个作业。
*/20 * * * * python /home/phantom/Desktop/alarm.py 2>/home/phantom/Desktop/whatswrong.log
我的 python 代码会像：
#!/usr/bin/env python
import dbus, gobject, dbus.glib
# Get the D-Bus session bus
bus = dbus.SessionBus()
# Access the Tomboy D-Bus object
obj = bus.get_object("org.gnome.Tomboy","/org/gnome/Tomboy/RemoteControl")
# Access the Tomboy remote control interface
tomboy = dbus.Interface(obj, "org.gnome.Tomboy.RemoteControl")
# Display the Start Here note
tomboy.DisplayNote(tomboy.FindNote("alert"))
我不知道关于 DBus 接口的任何内容，但阅读使用 DBus 与 Tomboy 接口的教程并得出上述代码。
当我手动运行代码时，我可以打开 Tomboy 注释（警报消息），但使用 cron 时，我收到以下我无法理解的错误。请帮帮我。谢谢 ：）
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/phantom/Desktop/try.py", line 4, in <module>
bus = dbus.SessionBus()
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/dbus/_dbus.py", line 219, in __new__
mainloop=mainloop)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/dbus/_dbus.py", line 108, in __new__
bus = BusConnection.__new__(subclass, bus_type, mainloop=mainloop)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/dbus/bus.py", line 125, in __new__
bus = cls._new_for_bus(address_or_type, mainloop=mainloop)
dbus.exceptions.DBusException: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.ExecFailed: /bin/dbus- launch terminated abnormally with the following error: Autolaunch error: X11 initialization failed.
Hi :) I wanted to have a every-20 mins-notifier kind of app and decided to develop one by myself using Tomboy notes. I read up about crontab and set a job through the sudo crontab -e command.
*/20 * * * * python /home/phantom/Desktop/alarm.py 2>/home/phantom/Desktop/whatswrong.log
And my python code would go like:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import dbus, gobject, dbus.glib
# Get the D-Bus session bus
bus = dbus.SessionBus()
# Access the Tomboy D-Bus object
obj = bus.get_object("org.gnome.Tomboy","/org/gnome/Tomboy/RemoteControl")
# Access the Tomboy remote control interface
tomboy = dbus.Interface(obj, "org.gnome.Tomboy.RemoteControl")
# Display the Start Here note
tomboy.DisplayNote(tomboy.FindNote("alert"))
I don't know anything about the DBus interface but read a tutorial that uses DBus to interface with Tomboy and came up with the above code.
When I run the code manually I could open the Tomboy note(alert message) but with the cron I get the following error which I couldn't understand. Please me help me out. Thanks :)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/phantom/Desktop/try.py", line 4, in <module>
bus = dbus.SessionBus()
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/dbus/_dbus.py", line 219, in __new__
mainloop=mainloop)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/dbus/_dbus.py", line 108, in __new__
bus = BusConnection.__new__(subclass, bus_type, mainloop=mainloop)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/dbus/bus.py", line 125, in __new__
bus = cls._new_for_bus(address_or_type, mainloop=mainloop)
dbus.exceptions.DBusException: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.ExecFailed: /bin/dbus- launch terminated abnormally with the following error: Autolaunch error: X11 initialization failed.
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根本问题是，您的情况需要一个正在运行的 X 会话，并且当 CRON 脚本运行时，它在没有这样的会话的情况下运行（它实际上与任何终端分离运行）。 Dbus 可执行文件需要能够初始化 X 会话（它实际上不需要正在运行的 X）。
有几种解决方案：
我认为第三种解决方案是最简单的，但现在你有不止一种了。
The fundamental issue is that an running X session is required in your case, and when CRON script runs, it runs without such a session (it actually runs detached from any terminal). Dbus executable needs to be able to initialize X session (it doesn't actually need a running X).
There are a couple of solutions:
I think the 3rd solution is the easiest, but now you have more than one.
不要执行 sudo crontab，而只需执行 crontab -e 以使 crontab 作为您的用户配置文件运行并提供系统 python 的完整路径，您可以通过
which python获取它。Don't do a
sudocrontab, but just do acrontab -efor the crontab to be run as your userprofile and provide the full path to your system python, you can get this bywhich python.