为什么我不能使用 boost::variant 访问这个自定义类型？

Question

以下代码：

#include <boost/variant.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

struct A
{
    A()
    {
    }
    ~A() throw()
    {
    }
    A& operator=(A const & rhs)
    {
        return *this;
    }

    bool operator==(A const & rhs)
    {
        return true;
    }

    bool operator<(A const & rhs)
    {
        return false;
    }
};

std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & os, A const & rhs)
{
    os << "A";
    return os;
}

typedef boost::variant<int, std::string, A> message_t;

struct dispatcher_t : boost::static_visitor<>
{
    template <typename T>
    void operator()(T const & t) const
    {
        std::cout << t << std::endl;
    }
};

int main(int argc, char * const * argv)
{
    message_t m("hi");
    boost::apply_visitor(dispatcher_t(), m);
    message_t a(A());
    boost::apply_visitor(dispatcher_t(), a);
}

产生以下错误。

In file included from /usr/include/boost/variant/apply_visitor.hpp:17,
                 from /usr/include/boost/variant.hpp:24,
                 from main.cpp:2:
/usr/include/boost/variant/detail/apply_visitor_unary.hpp: In function ‘typename Visitor::result_type boost::apply_visitor(const Visitor&, Visitable&) [with Visitor = dispatcher_t, Visitable = message_t(A (*)())]’:
main.cpp:51:   instantiated from here
/usr/include/boost/variant/detail/apply_visitor_unary.hpp:72: error: request for member ‘apply_visitor’ in ‘visitable’, which is of non-class type ‘message_t(A (*)())’
/usr/include/boost/variant/detail/apply_visitor_unary.hpp:72: error: return-statement with a value, in function returning 'void'

我最初只是尝试使用一个非常简单的 A，但我试图满足 Boost.Variant 对 BoundedTypes 的每要求。 A 曾经是

struct A {};

访问者可以很好地处理字符串值，但甚至无法编译访问 A 的尝试。我正在使用 gcc-4.4.5。有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

message_t a(A());

具有最令人烦恼的解析问题：声明一个函数而不是创建一个变量。解决方法有很多，例如 message_t a = A();