如何使用 PHP 读取和写入 ini 文件

Question

我一直在浏览官方 php 文档，但找不到我要找的内容。

http://php.net/manual/en/function.parse-ini-file.php< /a>

我只想要一个函数来编辑和读取 php ini 文件中的值，例如，

[default_colors]
sitebg = #F8F8F8
footerbg = #F8F8F8
link = #F8F8F8
url = #F8F8F8
bg = #F8F8F8
text = #F8F8F8
border = #F8F8F8

lu_link = #F8F8F8
lu_url = #F8F8F8
lu_bg = #F8F8F8
lu_text = #f505f5
lu_border = #F8F8F8

1. 如何读取属于“lu_link”或“footerbg”的值？
2. 如何为这些地方写入新值？

Answer 1

这个怎么样：

 $key='option';
 $val='1.2.3.4.5';
 system("sed  -ie  's/\({$key}=\)\(.*\)/\1{$val}/' file.in");

Answer 2

下面是 PHP 目前缺少的 write_ini_file() 的实现，它将创建几乎相同的输入（注释除外）：

• 支持跨平台 (PHP_EOL) 换行添加到部分之间。
• 处理索引和键值数组。
• 处理 CONSTANT 样式值。
• 并且文件锁定保持一致。

来源

<?php
if (!function_exists('write_ini_file')) {
    /**
     * Write an ini configuration file
     * 
     * @param string $file
     * @param array  $array
     * @return bool
     */
    function write_ini_file($file, $array = []) {
        // check first argument is string
        if (!is_string($file)) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Function argument 1 must be a string.');
        }

        // check second argument is array
        if (!is_array($array)) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Function argument 2 must be an array.');
        }

        // process array
        $data = array();
        foreach ($array as $key => $val) {
            if (is_array($val)) {
                $data[] = "[$key]";
                foreach ($val as $skey => $sval) {
                    if (is_array($sval)) {
                        foreach ($sval as $_skey => $_sval) {
                            if (is_numeric($_skey)) {
                                $data[] = $skey.'[] = '.(is_numeric($_sval) ? $_sval : (ctype_upper($_sval) ? $_sval : '"'.$_sval.'"'));
                            } else {
                                $data[] = $skey.'['.$_skey.'] = '.(is_numeric($_sval) ? $_sval : (ctype_upper($_sval) ? $_sval : '"'.$_sval.'"'));
                            }
                        }
                    } else {
                        $data[] = $skey.' = '.(is_numeric($sval) ? $sval : (ctype_upper($sval) ? $sval : '"'.$sval.'"'));
                    }
                }
            } else {
                $data[] = $key.' = '.(is_numeric($val) ? $val : (ctype_upper($val) ? $val : '"'.$val.'"'));
            }
            // empty line
            $data[] = null;
        }

        // open file pointer, init flock options
        $fp = fopen($file, 'w');
        $retries = 0;
        $max_retries = 100;

        if (!$fp) {
            return false;
        }

        // loop until get lock, or reach max retries
        do {
            if ($retries > 0) {
                usleep(rand(1, 5000));
            }
            $retries += 1;
        } while (!flock($fp, LOCK_EX) && $retries <= $max_retries);

        // couldn't get the lock
        if ($retries == $max_retries) {
            return false;
        }

        // got lock, write data
        fwrite($fp, implode(PHP_EOL, $data).PHP_EOL);

        // release lock
        flock($fp, LOCK_UN);
        fclose($fp);

        return true;
    }
}

示例输入 .ini 文件（取自 http://php.net/manual/en/function.parse-ini-file.php)

; This is a sample configuration file
; Comments start with ';', as in php.ini

[first_section]
one = 1
five = 5
animal = BIRD

[second_section]
path = "/usr/local/bin"
URL = "http://www.example.com/~username"

[third_section]
phpversion[] = "5.0"
phpversion[] = "5.1"
phpversion[] = "5.2"
phpversion[] = "5.3"

urls[svn] = "http://svn.php.net"
urls[git] = "http://git.php.net"

用法示例：

// load ini file values into array
$config = parse_ini_file('config.ini', true);

// add some additional values
$config['main']['foobar'] = 'baz';
$config['main']['const']['a'] = 'UPPERCASE';
$config['main']['const']['b'] = 'UPPER_CASE WITH SPACE';
$config['main']['array'][] = 'Some Value';
$config['main']['array'][] = 'ADD';
$config['third_section']['urls']['docs'] = 'http://php.net';

// write ini file
write_ini_file('config.ini', $config);

<强>生成的.ini文件：

[first_section]
one = 1
five = 5
animal = BIRD

[second_section]
path = "/usr/local/bin"
URL = "http://www.example.com/~username"

[third_section]
phpversion[] = 5.0
phpversion[] = 5.1
phpversion[] = 5.2
phpversion[] = 5.3
urls[svn] = "http://svn.php.net"
urls[git] = "http://git.php.net"
urls[docs] = "http://php.net"

[main]
foobar = "baz"
const[a] = UPPERCASE
const[b] = "UPPER_CASE WITH SPACE"
array[] = "Some Value"
array[] = ADD

Answer 3

这是一个函数版本，它创建一个可以写入文件的字符串。

function IniAsStr(array $a) : string
{
    return array_reduce(array_keys($a), function($str, $sectionName) use ($a) {
        $sub = $a[$sectionName];
        return $str . "[$sectionName]" . PHP_EOL .
            array_reduce(array_keys($sub), function($str, $key) use($sub) {
                return $str . $key . '=' . $sub[$key] . PHP_EOL;
            }) . PHP_EOL;
      });
}

Answer 4

这是您使用类别选项读取和写入INI文件的函数！

如果您提供多维数组，您的 INI 文件中将包含类别。
或者基本数组将允许您快速读取和写入数据。

有关详细信息，请参阅下面的评论和示例：

### PHP write_ini_file function to use with parse_ini_file: (choose one of the two example arrays below...)
$array = array('category' => array('color' => 'blue', 'size' => 'large'));
// $array = array('color' => 'red', 'size' => 'small');
function write_ini_file($array, $path) {
    unset($content, $arrayMulti);

    # See if the array input is multidimensional.
    foreach($array AS $arrayTest){
        if(is_array($arrayTest)) {
          $arrayMulti = true;
        }
    }

    # Use categories in the INI file for multidimensional array OR use basic INI file:
    if ($arrayMulti) {
        foreach ($array AS $key => $elem) {
            $content .= "[" . $key . "]\n";
            foreach ($elem AS $key2 => $elem2) {
                if (is_array($elem2)) {
                    for ($i = 0; $i < count($elem2); $i++) {
                        $content .= $key2 . "[] = \"" . $elem2[$i] . "\"\n";
                    }
                } else if ($elem2 == "") {
                    $content .= $key2 . " = \n";
                } else {
                    $content .= $key2 . " = \"" . $elem2 . "\"\n";
                }
            }
        }
    } else {
        foreach ($array AS $key2 => $elem2) {
            if (is_array($elem2)) {
                for ($i = 0; $i < count($elem2); $i++) {
                    $content .= $key2 . "[] = \"" . $elem2[$i] . "\"\n";
                }
            } else if ($elem2 == "") {
                $content .= $key2 . " = \n";
            } else {
                $content .= $key2 . " = \"" . $elem2 . "\"\n";
            }
        }
    }

    if (!$handle = fopen($path, 'w')) {
        return false;
    }
    if (!fwrite($handle, $content)) {
        return false;
    }
    fclose($handle);
    return true;
}

write_ini_file($array,'./data.ini');
$readData = parse_ini_file('./data.ini',true);
print_r($readData);

Answer 5

您可以简单地将 parse_ini_file 与 PHP4/5 一起使用。

$ini_array = parse_ini_file("sample.ini");
print_r($ini_array);

这是文档： http://php.net/manual/en/ function.parse-ini-file.php

要将对象数组写回 ini 文件，请使用下面的非常快速的 & 方法。简单的解决方案：

function write_php_ini($array, $file)
{
    $res = array();
    foreach($array as $key => $val)
    {
        if(is_array($val))
        {
            $res[] = "[$key]";
            foreach($val as $skey => $sval) $res[] = "$skey = ".(is_numeric($sval) ? $sval : '"'.$sval.'"');
        }
        else $res[] = "$key = ".(is_numeric($val) ? $val : '"'.$val.'"');
    }
    safefilerewrite($file, implode("\r\n", $res));
}

function safefilerewrite($fileName, $dataToSave)
{    if ($fp = fopen($fileName, 'w'))
    {
        $startTime = microtime(TRUE);
        do
        {            $canWrite = flock($fp, LOCK_EX);
           // If lock not obtained sleep for 0 - 100 milliseconds, to avoid collision and CPU load
           if(!$canWrite) usleep(round(rand(0, 100)*1000));
        } while ((!$canWrite)and((microtime(TRUE)-$startTime) < 5));

        //file was locked so now we can store information
        if ($canWrite)
        {            fwrite($fp, $dataToSave);
            flock($fp, LOCK_UN);
        }
        fclose($fp);
    }

}

Answer 6

PEAR Config_Lite 包可以非常轻松地为您完成几乎所有工作（包括读取和写入）。在这里查看：http://pear.php.net/package/Config_Lite