xargs grep 忽略不满足查询的文件

发布于 2024-11-02 04:18:23 字数 365 浏览 3 评论 0原文

关于使用 xargs 进行 grep 的快速问题。当我这样做时，我将显示一堆不存在的文件的结果，其中散布着成功匹配搜索条件的文件，例如：

find . | xargs grep 'Cache'

grep: PT: No such file or directory
grep: Sans: No such file or directory
grep: Free: No such file or directory
grep: Font: No such file or directory
grep: License.txt: No such file or directory

是否有一个可以传递的仅显示命中的参数？

谢谢。

原文

Quick question regarding doing a grep with xargs. When I do it, I will be displayed with a bunch of results from files that dont exist interspersed with files that do successfully match the search criteria, such as:

find . | xargs grep 'Cache'

grep: PT: No such file or directory
grep: Sans: No such file or directory
grep: Free: No such file or directory
grep: Font: No such file or directory
grep: License.txt: No such file or directory

Is there an arg that can be passed that will only display hits?

Thanks.

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江挽川 2024-11-09 04:18:23

文件名包含空格，因此您需要告诉 find 输出由 NUL 字节而不是换行符分隔的结果 - 请尝试以下操作：将

find . -print0 | xargs -0 egrep 'Cache'

-0 转换为 xargs 表示将 STDIN 的数据解释为
由 NUL 字节分隔。（Cache 周围的单引号在这里是不必要的。）

类 Unix 系统上的许多工具类似地都可以选择生成或使用
由 NUL 字节分隔的数据，因为 0x00 和 0x2F（正斜杠）
是文件或目录中唯一不允许的两个字节
名称 - 这是安全处理带空格的文件名的常见方法
或换行符。

最后一点，为了非常挑剔，您可能需要将其更改为：

xargs -0 egrep Cache /dev/null

... 这样您就可以确定 grep 总是有多个参数，并且您会得到一致的输出以文件名为前缀。

The filenames contain spaces, so you need to tell find to output the results separated by NUL bytes rather than newlines - try the following instead:

find . -print0 | xargs -0 egrep 'Cache'

The -0 to xargs says to interpret the data from STDIN as
being separated by NUL bytes. (The single quotes around Cache are unnecessary here.)

Many tools on Unix-like systems similarly have an option to produce or consume
data separated by NUL bytes, since 0x00 and 0x2F (forward slash)
are the only two bytes that aren't allowed in file or directory
names - it's a common way of dealing safely with filenames with spaces
or newlines.

As a final note, to be very picky you might want to change that to:

xargs -0 egrep Cache /dev/null

... so that you're sure that there will always be more than one parameter to grep and you get output that's consistently prefixed with the filename.

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剩余の解释 2024-11-09 04:18:23

如果您有 GNU grep，只需将其设为递归即可

grep -R "Cache" *

If you have GNU grep, just make it recursive

grep -R "Cache" *

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夏末的微笑 2024-11-09 04:18:23

find . | xargs grep 'Cache' 2>/dev/null

find . | xargs grep 'Cache' 2>/dev/null

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执手闯天涯 2024-11-09 04:18:23

当将 find 与 xargs 一起使用时，您应该始终使用 -print0 因为 http://en.wikipedia 的分隔符问题.org/wiki/Xargs#The_separator_problem 。但是，如果您有一个文件列表，每个文件都位于一行，您可能需要看一下 GNU Parallel：

find . | parallel grep Cache

观看介绍视频以了解更多信息：http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpaiGYxkSuQ

When using find with xargs you should always use -print0 because The separator problem of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xargs#The_separator_problem . However, if you have a list of files that are each on a line you may want to take a look at GNU Parallel: