P2P技术比较
我已经了解了各种基于 udp 的 P2P 技术，例如 Stun 。我最近实现了 UDP/TCP 打洞来实现 p2p。
我发现还有其他技术，例如 ICE、UPnP 和 teredo
- 任何人都可以告诉我这些技术之间有什么区别。
- 哪一种是近年来P2P使用的最新技术/协议。
如果能提供各种基于UDP的P2P协议的对比分析就好了。 任何链接或建议将不胜感激。
I have gone through various udp based P2P Technology like Stun . I have implemented UDP/TCP hole punching recently for implementing p2p.
I found there are other technology as for like ICE,UPnP and teredo
- Can any body tell me what is the difference between these technology.
- Which one is the latest technology/protocol used for P2P in recent year.
It will good If any can provide comparative analysis on various UDP based P2P protocols.
Any link or suggestion will appreciated.
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ICE 代表交互式连接建立。它是IETF支持的NAT穿越（即打孔）协议。 RFC 已经进行了多次审查和演变。在执行 TCP NAT 穿越时，有些人可能会发现这些规范总体来说太过分了或不清楚。
UPnP 是一种帮助本地设备自动找到彼此并开始通信的技术。它实现了用于 NAT 遍历的 IGD，允许远程配置 NAT/路由器（如果可能）将 WAN 流量重定向到设备。不幸的是，这种方法对安全性是一个巨大的威胁，因为任何应用程序都可以劫持 NAT/路由器，让任何不需要的流量进入。
Teredo 与 P2P 或 NAT 遍历并不真正相关。例如，如果您在 ipv4 LAN 上有一台 IPv6 设备 A，则它将无法使用 ipv6 连接到位于 WAN 上的启用了 IPv6 的远程设备 B。 Teredo 允许 A 通过在 ipv4 上传输 ipv6 来使用 ipv6 与 B 进行通信。可以说，Teredo 正在缓解 ipv4 和 ipv6 之间的摩擦。
目前这些技术都没有“主导”P2P。依旧是一个沸腾的环境。
ICE stands for Interactive Connectivity Establishment. It is a protocol for NAT traversal (i.e., punching holes) supported by the IETF. There has been several reviews and evolutions of the RFC. Some may find the specifications overkill in general or unclear when it comes to performing TCP NAT traversal.
UPnP is a technology helping local devices finding each other and start communicating automatically. It implements IGD for NAT traversal, which allows remote configuration of the NAT/Router (when possible) to redirect WAN traffic to the device. Unfortunately, this method is a huge threat to security, since any application could hijack NATs/routers to let any undesirable traffic come in.
Teredo is not really related to P2P or NAT traveral. If you have an IPv6 device A on a ipv4 LAN (for example), it won't be able to connect using ipv6 to a remote ipv6 enabled device B located on the WAN. Teredo allows A to communicate with B with ipv6 by transporting ipv6 over ipv4. Teredo is massaging the frictions between ipv4 and ipv6, so to speak.
None of these technologies is 'dominating' P2P for now. It is still a boiling environment.