WPF 可以/是否有多个 GUI 线程?

发布于 2024-11-02 03:53:27 字数 249 浏览 0 评论 0原文

WPF 可以/是否有多个 GUI 线程?或者它总是只有一个 GUI 线程(即使我有多个窗口/对话框)?

我这样问是因为我有来自其他线程的事件,并且我想在 GUI 线程中处理它们(因为我需要根据事件修改主窗口的控件)。

顺便说一句:我知道我需要使用 Dispatcher 对象来实现此目的。因此,我可以重新表述我的问题并询问:WPF 中的所有 GUI 元素是否始终只有一个 Dispatcher 对象?

Can/Does WPF have multiple GUI threads? Or does it always only have one GUI thread (even if I have multiple windows/dialogs)?

I'm asking because I have events coming from other threads and I'd like to handle them in the GUI thread (because I need to modify the controls of my main window accordings to the events).

Btw: I know I need to use a Dispatcher object for this purpose. So, I could rephrase my question and ask: Is there always only one Dispatcher object for all GUI elements in WPF?

如果你对这篇内容有疑问,欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论,获取更多帮助,或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。

扫码二维码加入Web技术交流群

发布评论

需要 登录 才能够评论, 你可以免费 注册 一个本站的账号。

评论(1

嗳卜坏 2024-11-09 03:53:27

基于 http://eprystupa .wordpress.com/2008/07/28/running-wpf-application-with-multiple-ui-threads/ 我自己做了一些验证。我想在这里分享结果。首先:

可以有多个 GUI 线程(因此可以有多个 Dispatcher 实例)。

但是:

只需创建一个新窗口(模式或非模式)创建新的GUI线程。需要显式创建线程(通过创建Thread的新实例)。

注意: 模式对话框可能不是使用单独的线程,而是使用 Dispatcher.PushFrame() 阻止此方法的调用者,同时仍允许分派事件。

我创建了一个简单的 WPF 类(再次基于第一个答案中的链接)来验证所有这些内容。我在这里分享它,这样你就可以尝试一下。

MainWindow.xaml:

<Window x:Class="WindowThreadingTest.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        Width="250" Height="130">
  <StackPanel>
    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
      <TextBlock Text="Thread's ID is "/>
      <TextBlock x:Name="m_threadId"/>
    </StackPanel>
    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
      <TextBlock Text="Thread's threading apartment is "/>
      <TextBlock x:Name="m_threadTA"/>
    </StackPanel>
    <Button Click="OnCreateNewWindow" Content="Open New Window"/>
    <Button Click="OnAccessTest" Content="Access Test"/>
  </StackPanel>
</Window>

MainWindow.xaml.cs:

using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Media;

namespace WindowThreadingTest {
  /// <summary>
  /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
  /// </summary>
  public partial class MainWindow : Window {
    private static uint s_windowNumber = 0;

    private readonly MainWindow m_prevWindow;

    public MainWindow() : this(null) { }

    public MainWindow(MainWindow prevWindow) {
      InitializeComponent();

      this.m_prevWindow = prevWindow;

      this.Title = String.Format("Window {0}", ++s_windowNumber);

      Thread thread = Thread.CurrentThread;
      this.m_threadId.Text = thread.ManagedThreadId.ToString();
      this.m_threadTA.Text = thread.GetApartmentState().ToString();
    }

    private void OnCreateNewWindow(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) {
      CreateNewWindow(true, false, true);
    }

    private void CreateNewWindow(bool newThread, bool modal, bool showInTaskbar) {
      MainWindow mw = this;

      if (newThread) {
        Thread thread = new Thread(() => {
          MainWindow w = new MainWindow(this);
          w.ShowInTaskbar = showInTaskbar;

          if (modal) {
            // ShowDialog automatically starts the event queue for the new windows in the new thread. The window isn't
            // modal though.
            w.ShowDialog();
          } else {
            w.Show();
            w.Closed += (sender2, e2) => w.Dispatcher.InvokeShutdown();
            System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.Run();
          }
        });

        thread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
        thread.Start();

      } else {
        MainWindow w = new MainWindow(this);
        w.ShowInTaskbar = showInTaskbar;
        if (modal) {
          // Even modal dialogs run in the same thread.
          w.ShowDialog();
        } else {
          w.Show();
        }
      }
    }

    private void OnAccessTest(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) {
      if (m_prevWindow == null) {
        return;
      }

      this.Background = Brushes.Lavender;
      try {
        m_prevWindow.Background = Brushes.LightBlue;
      } catch (InvalidOperationException excpt) {
        MessageBox.Show("Exception: " + excpt.Message, "Invalid Operation");
      }
      m_prevWindow.Dispatcher.Invoke((Action)(() => m_prevWindow.Background = Brushes.Green));

      this.Dispatcher.Invoke((Action)(() => {
        try {
          m_prevWindow.Background = Brushes.Red;
        } catch (InvalidOperationException excpt) {
          MessageBox.Show("Exception: " + excpt.Message, "Invalid Dispatcher Operation");
        }
      }));
    }
  }
}

Based on http://eprystupa.wordpress.com/2008/07/28/running-wpf-application-with-multiple-ui-threads/ I did some verification on my own. I'd like to share the results here. First of all:

There can be multiple GUI threads (and therefor multiple Dispatcher instances).

However:

Simply creating a new window (modal or not) does not create a new GUI thread. One needs to create the thread explicitly (by creating a new instance of Thread).

Note: Instead of using separate threads, modal dialogs are likely being realized by using Dispatcher.PushFrame() which blocks the caller of this method while still allowing events to be dispatched.

I've created a simple WPF class (again, based on the link from the first answer) to verify all this stuff. I share it here so you can play around with it a little bit.

MainWindow.xaml:

<Window x:Class="WindowThreadingTest.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        Width="250" Height="130">
  <StackPanel>
    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
      <TextBlock Text="Thread's ID is "/>
      <TextBlock x:Name="m_threadId"/>
    </StackPanel>
    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
      <TextBlock Text="Thread's threading apartment is "/>
      <TextBlock x:Name="m_threadTA"/>
    </StackPanel>
    <Button Click="OnCreateNewWindow" Content="Open New Window"/>
    <Button Click="OnAccessTest" Content="Access Test"/>
  </StackPanel>
</Window>

MainWindow.xaml.cs:

using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Media;

namespace WindowThreadingTest {
  /// <summary>
  /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
  /// </summary>
  public partial class MainWindow : Window {
    private static uint s_windowNumber = 0;

    private readonly MainWindow m_prevWindow;

    public MainWindow() : this(null) { }

    public MainWindow(MainWindow prevWindow) {
      InitializeComponent();

      this.m_prevWindow = prevWindow;

      this.Title = String.Format("Window {0}", ++s_windowNumber);

      Thread thread = Thread.CurrentThread;
      this.m_threadId.Text = thread.ManagedThreadId.ToString();
      this.m_threadTA.Text = thread.GetApartmentState().ToString();
    }

    private void OnCreateNewWindow(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) {
      CreateNewWindow(true, false, true);
    }

    private void CreateNewWindow(bool newThread, bool modal, bool showInTaskbar) {
      MainWindow mw = this;

      if (newThread) {
        Thread thread = new Thread(() => {
          MainWindow w = new MainWindow(this);
          w.ShowInTaskbar = showInTaskbar;

          if (modal) {
            // ShowDialog automatically starts the event queue for the new windows in the new thread. The window isn't
            // modal though.
            w.ShowDialog();
          } else {
            w.Show();
            w.Closed += (sender2, e2) => w.Dispatcher.InvokeShutdown();
            System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.Run();
          }
        });

        thread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
        thread.Start();

      } else {
        MainWindow w = new MainWindow(this);
        w.ShowInTaskbar = showInTaskbar;
        if (modal) {
          // Even modal dialogs run in the same thread.
          w.ShowDialog();
        } else {
          w.Show();
        }
      }
    }

    private void OnAccessTest(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) {
      if (m_prevWindow == null) {
        return;
      }

      this.Background = Brushes.Lavender;
      try {
        m_prevWindow.Background = Brushes.LightBlue;
      } catch (InvalidOperationException excpt) {
        MessageBox.Show("Exception: " + excpt.Message, "Invalid Operation");
      }
      m_prevWindow.Dispatcher.Invoke((Action)(() => m_prevWindow.Background = Brushes.Green));

      this.Dispatcher.Invoke((Action)(() => {
        try {
          m_prevWindow.Background = Brushes.Red;
        } catch (InvalidOperationException excpt) {
          MessageBox.Show("Exception: " + excpt.Message, "Invalid Dispatcher Operation");
        }
      }));
    }
  }
}
~没有更多了~
我们使用 Cookies 和其他技术来定制您的体验包括您的登录状态等。通过阅读我们的 隐私政策 了解更多相关信息。 单击 接受 或继续使用网站,即表示您同意使用 Cookies 和您的相关数据。
原文