验证 Django 中的唯一字段

Question

我不知道我是否以正确的方式解决这个问题。预期的结果是拥有一个仅显示名称和描述的表单。用户提交表单后，我想将当前用户添加为 owner 并检查是否已有具有相同 name 和 user 的条目。如果有，我想返回有错误的表格。如果没有，我想保存状态。

我的模型：

class Status(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    description = models.TextField(blank=True)
    owner = models.ForeignKey(User)
    active = models.BooleanField(default=True)

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('name','owner')

我的观点：

def settings_status(request):
    status_form = StatusForm()

    if request.method == 'POST':
        status_form = StatusForm(request.POST)
            if status_form.is_valid():
                new_status = Status()
                new_status.name = status_form.cleaned_data['name']
                new_status.description = status_form.cleaned_data['description']
                new_status.owner = request.user
                new_status.save()

    return render_to_response('base/settings_status.html',{
        'status_form'           :       status_form,
}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))

我已经尝试了很多方法，但我一直遇到这样的问题：如果我单独将 owner 添加到对象，则模型的 clean 无法使用它code> 函数，因此不能用于检查 name 和 owner 是否唯一。

Answer 1

有几种方法可以做到这一点：

例如，将用户（所有者）传递到表单：

forms.py：views.py

class StatusForm(forms.Form):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.user = kwargs.pop('user','')
        super(StatusForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.fields['name'] = forms.CharField(label='Name')
        self.fields['description'] = CharField(label='Description', widget=forms.Textarea)

    def clean(self):
        cleaned_data = self.cleaned_data
        name = cleaned_data.get('name')

        if Status.objects.filter(name=name, owner=self.user).exists():
            self._errors['name'] self.error_class(['Status with this name exists'])  

        return cleaned_data

：

def settings_status(request):

    if request.method == 'POST':
        status_form = StatusForm(request.POST, user=request.user)
            if status_form.is_valid():
                new_status = Status()
                new_status.name = status_form.cleaned_data['name']
                new_status.description = status_form.cleaned_data['description']
                new_status.owner = request.user
                new_status.save()
    else:
        status_form = StatusForm(user=request.user)

    context = {'status_form':status_form,}

    return render_to_response('base/settings_status.html', context,
                context_instance=RequestContext(request))

还要查看根据表单设置设置初始数据并考虑使用 ModelForm。